Czech Polar Reports最新文献_第7页

High-resolution multispectral mapping facies on glacier surface in the Arctic using WorldView-3 data 使用WorldView-3数据在北极冰川表面绘制高分辨率多光谱相

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-08-07 DOI: 10.5817/cpr2020-1-3

A. J. Luis, Shubham Singh

{"title":"High-resolution multispectral mapping facies on glacier surface in the Arctic using WorldView-3 data","authors":"A. J. Luis, Shubham Singh","doi":"10.5817/cpr2020-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2020-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"Glaciers are important and sensitive part of our environment which can be used as indicator of global warming and climate change. Glacier facies represent distinct regions of a glacier surface characterized by near surface structure and density that develop as a function of spatial variations in surface melt and accumulation. The facies mapping aids in delineating different zones of the glacier, which are useful in computing glacier mass balance and modeling. In this study we tested traditional and advanced classification techniques on the Edithbreen glacier situated in Ny-lesund, Svalbard, using WorldView-3 and Landsat 8 OLI. The comparison of the accuracy was conducted using error matrices. Six measures of accuracy were derived from the error matrices and were compared with each other to find the method delivering the most adequate output for facies mapping. The pixel-based approach applied to Landsat-8 data yielded higher accuracies (>80%) when compared to that. The object-oriented classification revealed a much better accuracy and high kappa coefficient for both low and high-resolution datasets. The study clearly indicates that the object-oriented classification provides better results for glacier facies classification when high spatial resolution is used, but for lower spatial resolution, pixel-based methods are adequate.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"23-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47844954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Microfungi, algae and cyanobacteria in soils polluted with fluorine (Kola Peninsula, Russia) 氟污染土壤中的微真菌、藻类和蓝藻(俄罗斯科拉半岛)

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-08-07 DOI: 10.5817/cpr2020-1-9

V. V. Redkina, R. Shalygina, M. V. Korneykova

{"title":"Microfungi, algae and cyanobacteria in soils polluted with fluorine (Kola Peninsula, Russia)","authors":"V. V. Redkina, R. Shalygina, M. V. Korneykova","doi":"10.5817/cpr2020-1-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2020-1-9","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of algal-mycological complexes in Albic Podzolic soils affected by emissions of the Kandalaksha Aluminum Smelter (KAS) was carried out. The number and biomass of microscopic fungi in the maximum fluorine-polluted zone (fluorine-content >1000 mg/kg) more than 2 times lower than in distanced areas and amounted to 17.3 thousants colony-forming units/g and 1.33 mg/g respectively. Altogether, 31 species of soil fungi were isolated. The species Penicillium trzebinskii and P. miczynskii dominated the zone of maximum pollution. P. glabrum , P. spinulosum , and Memnoniella echinata prevailed in the zones of moderate pollution and background. The part of opportunistic fungi in contaminated soil increased in comparison with the background soil. The reduction of dark-colored fungi biomass in contaminated soil was noted. In total, 56 species of eukaryotic algae and 7 species of cyanobacteria were found. Among green algae, the species from families Chlorophyceae and Trebouxiophyceae dominated in all plots. In the zones of maximum and strong contamination, 53 algae species were found including xanthophytes, which were absent in unpolluted areas. The number of viable cells in the litter of the maximum contaminated soils varied from 100 thousand to 1.5 million in 1 g of absolutely dry soil. The species composition of algae and cyanobacteria in these soils showed the characteristic features of the Arctic biological soil crusts.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"94-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49245216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Permafrost table depth in soils of Eastern Antarctica oases, King George and Ardley Islands (South Shetland Islands) 南极东部绿洲、乔治国王群岛和阿德利群岛(南设得兰群岛)土壤永久冻土层深度

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-08-07 DOI: 10.5817/cpr2020-1-2

I. Alekseev, E. Abakumov

{"title":"Permafrost table depth in soils of Eastern Antarctica oases, King George and Ardley Islands (South Shetland Islands)","authors":"I. Alekseev, E. Abakumov","doi":"10.5817/cpr2020-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2020-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to investigate the electrical resistivity in soils and permafrost of various ice-free areas of Antarctica and Sub-Antarctica (from coastal Eastern Antarctica oases to Maritime Antarctica). Measurements of electrical resistivity of soil and permafrost strata were performed with a portable device LandMapper. It was found that the permafrost table depth ranged 82 to106 cm in Bunger Hills, 95 to 122 cm in Larsemann Hills, 27 to 106 in Thala Hills, and 89 to 100 cm on King George Island and Ardley Island. Presence (and thickness) of organic layer and influence of snow patches melting were found the main reasons for differentiation of permafrost table depth in the studied ice-free areas. Anthropogenic disturbance at waste disposal sites resulted in more pronounced soil profile heterogeneity and formation of scattered electrical resistivity profiles. Permafrost layer was found less homogenous in the upper part of permafrost strata compared to the lower part. An application of vertical electrical resistivity sounding (VERS) may be very useful for evaluation of active layer thickness in Antarctic environments, especially when they are facing severe anthropogenic influence due to maintaining of numerous Antarctic research stations and logistical operations","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"7-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44936378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Impacts of increased tourism on polar environment – case studies from Svalbard and Iceland 旅游业增加对极地环境的影响——斯瓦尔巴群岛和冰岛的案例研究

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-08-07 DOI: 10.5817/cpr2020-1-6

J. Kavan, Veronika Anděrová

引用次数: 2

A new record of lichenized fungus species for Antarctica: Peltigera castanea Goward, Goffinet & Miądl. 南极地衣真菌新记录：Peltigera castanea Goward，Goffinet&Mińdl。

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-08-07 DOI: 10.5817/cpr2020-1-5

M. Halıcı, Osman Muaz Osmanoğlu, Merve Kahraman

引用次数: 7

Microbiomes of the initial soils of mining areas of Yakutsk City (Eastern Siberia, Russia) 雅库茨克市（俄罗斯东西伯利亚）矿区初始土壤的微生物组

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-08-07 DOI: 10.5817/cpr2020-1-7

Alexey Zverev, A. Petrov, A. Kimeklis, A. Kichko, E. Andronov, E. Abakumov

{"title":"Microbiomes of the initial soils of mining areas of Yakutsk City (Eastern Siberia, Russia)","authors":"Alexey Zverev, A. Petrov, A. Kimeklis, A. Kichko, E. Andronov, E. Abakumov","doi":"10.5817/cpr2020-1-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2020-1-7","url":null,"abstract":"The microbiome of initial soils formed at the heaps and bottoms of surface sediment quarries in the surroundings of Yakutsk City(Eastern Siberia,Russia) has been characterized for the first time. In the initial Entisols, we detected Alphaproteobacteria (represented mainly by the family Rizobiales ), Gammaproteobacteria , Actinobacteria , Acidobacteria , Bacteroidetes (mostly Chitinophagales ), Deltaproteobacteria , and Chloroflexi . The lower soil horizons had a more homogenous species diversity taxonomy that was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria . The morphologically different horizons did not differ microbiologically. This is caused by the limited soil development and relatively slow rate of revegetation of the spoil banks and heaps of the quarries under the severe climatic conditions of the Eastern part of Russian Arctic zone. Based on our findings, we propose that the soil microbiomes in such recently abandoned quarries are characterized by low diversity, which is a characteristic feature of the polar soils surrounding Yakutsk. Data obtained can be used for elaboration of reclamation strategies with taking into account the information about key microbial drivers of soil processes.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"69-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44531499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

First find of Cadophora antarctica Rodr.-Andrade, Stchigel, Mac Cormack & Cano in the Arctic 南极Cadophora Rodr的首次发现-北极的安德拉德、斯特奇格尔、Mac Cormack和卡诺

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5817/CPR2020-2-11

V. Iliushin

引用次数: 4

Superficial self-diffusion coefficient in Ih-ICE Ih-ICE中的表面自扩散系数

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5817/CPR2020-2-12

Carlos Leonardo Di Prinzio, D. Stoler, G. Varela, E. Druetta

引用次数: 0

Longitudinal development of clast shape characteristics from different material sources in Hrbye River, Central Svalbard 中斯瓦尔巴群岛Hrbye河不同物质来源碎屑形态特征的纵向发展

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5817/CPR2020-2-15

Lenka Ondráčková

{"title":"Longitudinal development of clast shape characteristics from different material sources in Hrbye River, Central Svalbard","authors":"Lenka Ondráčková","doi":"10.5817/CPR2020-2-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/CPR2020-2-15","url":null,"abstract":"The sediment transport in polar regions is highly changeable and it is getting faster in connection with a climate change. This study describes the Hrbye River catchment located in the northern Billefjorden, Central Svalbard. The Czech Arctic Station and AMUPS - Adam Mickiewicz University Polish Polar Station are located in near this locality Petunia Bay. The material for this study was sampled in August 2016, during the summer research campaign of Czech Arctic Station together with a cooperation between Masaryk University in Brno and the University of Oslo via Norway Grants. The catchment area is 60 km 2 . The area of interest lies around the 10 km long Hrbye River in its braidplain, which is 2.3 km wide and 4.5 km long. In the Hrbye Glacier forefield, 27 sediment sampling localities were selected and defined into seven groups: (i) esker complex; (ii) debris stripes; (iii) till plain; (iv) hummocky moraine; (v) post-LIA braidplain; (vi) LIA moraine; (vii) LIA braidplain. Three main petrological types of rocks were studied (SVP – sandstone, VAP – limestone, ORT – orthogneiss). Lithology and roundness of the clasts were evaluated in order to study clast shape properties from various glacial sediments. The results show the dominant role of lithology on the clast shape modification in the Hrbye Glacier forefield.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"189-202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47641147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Light regimen-induced variability of photosynthetic pigments and UV-B absorbing compounds in Luzula sylvatica from Arcto-Alpine tundra 光照诱导的Arcto Alpine苔原银杉光合色素和UV-B吸收化合物的变异

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5817/CPR2020-2-20

M. Barták, A. Orekhova, J. Nezval, M. Oravec, J. Hájek, V. Špunda, J. Tříska, M. Bednaříková, G. Giudici, Radek Pech

{"title":"Light regimen-induced variability of photosynthetic pigments and UV-B absorbing compounds in Luzula sylvatica from Arcto-Alpine tundra","authors":"M. Barták, A. Orekhova, J. Nezval, M. Oravec, J. Hájek, V. Špunda, J. Tříska, M. Bednaříková, G. Giudici, Radek Pech","doi":"10.5817/CPR2020-2-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/CPR2020-2-20","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different in situ light regimen on ecophysiological parameters of Luzula sylvatica leaves. Plants of L. sylvatica grown under natural sunny and shade conditions in arcto-alpine tundra were analyzed with respect to their leaf anatomy, content of photosynthetic pigments, UV absorbing compounds and phenanthrenoid compounds. Relationship between chlorophyll concentrations (Chl a+b ) and SPAD values was determined for sun and shade leaves measured repeatedly within summer and autumn seasons 2019 and 2020. Pooled data showed curvilinear Chl a+b to SPAD relationship with the highest Chl a+b and SPAD values found for shade leaves. Sun leaves had higher UV-B absorbing compounds contents than shade ones. The HPLC-DAD analysis revealed significant amount of soluble flavonoids in Luzula sylvatica leaves, amongst others the flavone-luteolin and its derivatives ( e.g. tentatively identified luteolin-methyl-glucoside and luteolin-glucoside). The accumulation of luteolin based compounds in sun acclimated leaves is also plausible explanation for the higher antioxidant activity determined in sun leaf extraxts. Such response of flavonoid metabolism may help L.S. to cope with excessive-light stress through UV-attenuation mechanism and ROS scavanging. Additionally, phenanthrenoid compounds contents in L. sylvatica leaves were determined. Altogether, 9 phenanthrenoid compounds were identified by HPLC-HRMS. Their content was markedly different (up to the factor of 5) between sun and shade leaves of L.sylvatica .","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"263-280"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48221497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1