Czech Polar Reports最新文献_第8页

Biometrical analysis and thallus morphology characteristics of Placopsis antarctica from King George Island, Antarctica ( Short Communication ) 南极洲乔治王岛Placopsis antarctica生物统计学分析及菌体形态特征(短通讯)

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5817/CPR2020-2-13

J. Weiss, A. Orekhova

引用次数: 0

New records of Oleoguttula mirabilis and Rachicladosporium antarcticum from James Ross Island, Antarctica 标题南极詹姆斯罗斯岛奇迹罕至的油葵和南极棘孢新记录

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5817/CPR2020-2-17

M. Laichmanová

引用次数: 1

Do new records of macrofungi indicate warming of their habitats in terrestrial Antarctic ecosystems? 大型真菌的新记录是否表明它们在南极陆地生态系统中的栖息地正在变暖？

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5817/CPR2020-2-21

G. Palfner, Josefa Binimelis-Salazar, S. Alarcón, G. Torres‐Mellado, Gloriana Gallegos, Fernando Pea-Cortés, A. Casanova-Katny

引用次数: 0

Lichens, bryophytes and terrestrial algae of the Lake Untersee Oasis (Wohlthat Massiv, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica) Untersee湖绿洲的地衣、苔藓植物和陆生藻类（Wohlthat Massiv，Droning Maud Land，南极洲）

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5817/CPR2020-2-16

M. Andreev, D. Andersen, L. Kurbatova, S. Smirnova, O. Chaplygina

{"title":"Lichens, bryophytes and terrestrial algae of the Lake Untersee Oasis (Wohlthat Massiv, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica)","authors":"M. Andreev, D. Andersen, L. Kurbatova, S. Smirnova, O. Chaplygina","doi":"10.5817/CPR2020-2-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/CPR2020-2-16","url":null,"abstract":"Lake Untersee is the largest ice-covered freshwater lake in the interior of East Antarctica. The mountain oasis is situated around it in the Gruber Mts. of the Wohlthat Massif. For approximately 7,000 years the area has been free of ice and the local climate relatively stable. It is very severe, cold, and windy and dominated by intense evaporation and sublimation but with little melt. Relative humidity averages only 37%. Vegetation is sparse in the oasis and previously only poorly investigated. Two lichen species and no bryophytes were known from the area. In November-December 2018, a survey of terrestrial flora and vegetation was made. The list of lichens was completed for the area, bryophytes were found for the first time, and some terrestrial algae were collected. In total, 23 lichen species, 1 lichenicolous fungus, 1 moss, and 18 terrestrial algae were discovered for the locality. The abundance of each species within their habitats was also evaluated. The lichen flora of the Untersee Oasis is typical for continental oases and similar to other previously investigated internal territories of Dronning Maud Land, except for the very rich lichen flora of the Schirmacher Oasis.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"203-225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43856974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spectral properties of Antarctic and Alpine vegetation monitored by multispectral camera: Case studies from James Ross Island and Jeseníky Mts. 多光谱相机监测的南极和阿尔卑斯山植被的光谱特性：James Ross岛和Jeseníky山的案例研究。

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5817/CPR2020-2-22

P. Váczi, M. Barták, M. Bednaříková, F. Hrbáček, J. Hájek

{"title":"Spectral properties of Antarctic and Alpine vegetation monitored by multispectral camera: Case studies from James Ross Island and Jeseníky Mts.","authors":"P. Váczi, M. Barták, M. Bednaříková, F. Hrbáček, J. Hájek","doi":"10.5817/CPR2020-2-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/CPR2020-2-22","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigated the utility of spectral remote sensing data gathered by a multispectral camera for estimating of vegetation cover in Antarctic vegetation oasis and Arcto-Alpine tundra. The surveys exploiting unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and multispectral camera were done in an Antarctic vegetation oasis located at the Northern shore of James Ross Island (Antarctica), and arcto-alpine tundra located in the Jeseniky Mts. (NE Czech Republic, 1 420 m a.s.l. ). For the two locations, false colour images of spectral indices (VARI, NGRDI, GLI, RGVI, ExG, NDVI, PRI) were taken and analysis of vegetation types and components of vegetation cover done. Additionally, field research was performed by handheld instruments measuring NDVI, PRI and of selected vegetation components: Bryum pseudotriquetrum , Nostoc commune colonies (Antarctica), lichens grown on flat stones and boulders (the Jeseniky Mts.). The results show UAV photo surveys and imaging of spectral reflectance indices can be used to monitor vegetation types forming Antarctic vegetation oases and arcto-alpine tundra.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"297-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44327437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Cell wall functional activity and metal accumulation of halophytic plant species Plantago maritima and Triglochin maritima on the White Sea littoral zone (NW Russia) 白海沿岸带（俄罗斯西北部）盐生植物Plantago maritima和Triglochin maritima的细胞壁功能活性和金属积累

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5817/CPR2020-2-14

E. N. Terebova, E. Markovskaya, V. Androsova, M. A. Pavlova, N. V. Oreshnikova

{"title":"Cell wall functional activity and metal accumulation of halophytic plant species Plantago maritima and Triglochin maritima on the White Sea littoral zone (NW Russia)","authors":"E. N. Terebova, E. Markovskaya, V. Androsova, M. A. Pavlova, N. V. Oreshnikova","doi":"10.5817/CPR2020-2-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/CPR2020-2-14","url":null,"abstract":"The presented study supplements the knowledge on ion-exchange capacity, swelling capacity (elasticity) of the plant cell wall, and the accumulation of heavy metals in halophytic species Plantago maritima and Triglochin maritima in the tidal zone of the White Sea western coast. The littoral soils of the coastal territories are sandy or rocky-sandy, medium and slightly saline with poor content of organic substances, Mn, Zn, Ni, and Pb. Studied soils are considered as uncontaminated by heavy metals because they contain background amounts of Fe and Cu. Sea water is significantly polluted by Fe (3.8 MPC) and Ni (55 MPC), has poor content of Zn and Cu and background level of Pb and Mn. The coastal dominant plant species P. maritima and T. maritima were characterized by intensive metals accumulation which was reflected in the coefficient of biological absorption (CBA) of metal by a whole plant. For P. maritima the following metal accumulation series was obtained: Cu (3.29)> Zn (2.81)> Ni (1.57)> Pb (1.30)> Mn (1.21)> Fe (0.97), and for T. maritima: Ni (3.80)> Fe (2.08)> Cu (1.91)> Zn (1.84)> Pb (1.51)> Mn (1.31). Roots accumulated 50–70% of Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb and Mn of the total metal content in the plant while leaves and stems contained 30–50%. Fe was allocated mainly in the roots (80%). The ion-exchange capacity of the plant cell wall for P. maritima and T. maritima was established as follows correspondingly: 3570–3700 and 2710–3070 μmol g-1 dry cell weight per leaf; 2310–2350 and 1160–1250 μmol g-1 dry cell weight per root.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41770629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

UV-B absorbing and bioactive secondary compounds in lichens Xanthoria elegans and Xanthoria parietina: A review 地衣黄原菌和顶黄原菌对UV-B的吸收及次生活性物质研究进展

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5817/CPR2020-2-19

Vilmantas Pedišius

引用次数: 3

Population characteristics of cephalolichen Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm. at the northern limit of its range (Northwest Russia, Republic of Karelia) 肺大叶绦虫的种群特征Hoffm。在其范围的北部边界(俄罗斯西北部，卡累利阿共和国)

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5817/CPR2020-2-18

R. V. Ignatenko, V. Tarasova

{"title":"Population characteristics of cephalolichen Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm. at the northern limit of its range (Northwest Russia, Republic of Karelia)","authors":"R. V. Ignatenko, V. Tarasova","doi":"10.5817/CPR2020-2-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/CPR2020-2-18","url":null,"abstract":"The populations of Lobaria pulmonaria and their characteristics were studied at the northern limit of its range in the Republic of Karelia (Northwest Russia). The study was carried out in northernmost boreal zone on 8 permanent 100 × 100 m sample plots with last disturbance 180–270 years ago. It was found that in the north of the region, the number of substrate units on which lichen grows decreases with an increase of the time since last disturbance from 25 to 11 per ha. In the ontogenetic spectrum (excluding juvenile and immature thalli), virginal thalli prevailed. The proportion of generative thalli in forests in the mid-succession stages (mixed spruce-birch forests) was 2%, and they were absent at later stages (in preclimax spruce forests). In the studied forests, the main substrate of Lobaria pulmonaria was the trunks of living Populus tremula and Salix caprea . With an increase in the diameter and area of the trunk of Populus tremula , the number of thalli increased, and their average area decreased. An important role for Lobaria pulmonaria was played by the individual characteristics of the tree trunk, such as the height above ground, exposure, angle of inclination. The optimal conditions for the growth and development of this species were formed on the aspen trunks . Due to the collecting shape of crown and its wide radius, a large amount of precipitation flowed down the trunk during rain. Moreover, due to the wide and dense crown, the trunks were wet longer than other tree species. Comparison of the obtained data with similar studies done in the subzone of the middle taiga showed that at the limit of the range, the number of substrate units colonized by Lobaria pulmonaria and the number of thalli was smaller than in the south of Karelia. The share of generative thalli in the ontogenetic spectrum of species populations in forest communities of the north taiga subzone was 3 times smaller than in the middle taiga forests.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"236-251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49212615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in Lobaria pulmonaria from forest communities of middle and northernmost boreal zone (NW Russia) 俄罗斯西北部中北部森林群落肺叶中过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-02-04 DOI: 10.5817/cpr2019-2-19

O. Chirva, K. M. Nikerova, V. Androsova, R. V. Ignatenko

{"title":"Activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in Lobaria pulmonaria from forest communities of middle and northernmost boreal zone (NW Russia)","authors":"O. Chirva, K. M. Nikerova, V. Androsova, R. V. Ignatenko","doi":"10.5817/cpr2019-2-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2019-2-19","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out to evaluate the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the protein content in Lobaria pulmonaria thalli of various ontogenetic stages (studied groups: juvenile and mature) in forest communities of the middle and northernmost boreal subzones (i.e. two habitat groups). Obtained results showed that the protein content in thalli of different ontogenetic stages and habitats did not differ significantly between the two studied groups and ranged from 3.4 to 3.8 mg g-1. Peroxidase (POD) activity was low and did not exceed 0.01 µmol TG mg-1 of protein. No significant differences between the studied groups (ontogenetic and habitat) in POD was found. On the contrary, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) showed significant differences. SOD activity ranged from 5.1 to 6.3 U mg-1 of protein. Significant differences were found between the SOD activity in juvenile and mature L. pulmonaria thalli in the communities of the northern boreal subzone (p = 0.043) and in juvenile thalli from different habitats (р = 0.020). In general, CAT activity ranged from 187 to 605 μmol H2O2 mg-1 protein. Significant differences in CAT activity were apparent between the thalli from the middle and northernmost boreal subzone communities (p=0.040). The differences in CAT activity values in juvenile and mature thalli in the northernmost boreal subzone (p = 0.006) were found as well. Juvenile thalli from different habitats (p = 0.008) differed. As a result we suggest that juvenile thalli might be more suitable for the purposes of bioindication of environmental conditions, such as temperature, humidity, since they are more sensitive in comparison to mature thalli.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43717021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Structure and function of biological soil crusts from Antarctica with a special respect to their microtopography and UV-B sensitivity 南极生物结皮的结构和功能及其微观形貌和UV-B敏感性

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Czech Polar Reports Pub Date : 2020-02-04 DOI: 10.5817/cpr2019-2-20

K. Trnková, Nele Tschense

{"title":"Structure and function of biological soil crusts from Antarctica with a special respect to their microtopography and UV-B sensitivity","authors":"K. Trnková, Nele Tschense","doi":"10.5817/cpr2019-2-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2019-2-20","url":null,"abstract":"Although an extensive professional literature exists on biological soil crusts (BSCs), especially on the species composition of hetero- and autotrophs forming the micro-biological comunity, micromorphological information on BSCs is extremely scarce. In our study, we focused on microstructure of the BSCs from the James Ross Island (Antarctica). We combined the approach of digital microscopy to study surface roughness of the BSCs with taxonomy of BSC-forming autotrophs and chlorophyll fluorescence study focused on the photosynthetic functioning of BSCs when exposed to controlled UV-B stress. Microprofiling of BSCs resulted in the finding that the examined BSCs might be classified as fine-grained surface with roughness characteristics: Ra (37.9 μm) and Rz (136.9 μm). The BSCs were rich in microautotrophs, both algae and cyanobacteria, however, Microcoleus sp. was found dominating species. It formed multifilament ropes on and inside the BSCs. Under UV-B stress, Microcoleus- and Nostoc-dominated BSC parts showed similar sensitivity and acclimatory response so long-term UV-B treatment, however, Microcoleus seemed to be slightly more sensitive to UV-B. Microcoleus-dominated parts of BSCs showed less pronounced acclimation to UV-B treatment than Nostoc-dominated parts. It was reflected in lower values of maximum (FV/FM) and effective (FPSII) quantum yields recorded after 6 d exposition.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47022216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0