eNeurologicalSci最新文献

{"title":"Neuroepidemiology: Basic concepts and population surveys","authors":"Walter A. Rocca","doi":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100544","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37974,"journal":{"name":"eNeurologicalSci","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100544"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral minocycline therapy as first-line treatment in patients with Myalgic encephalomyelitis and long COVID: A pilot study","authors":"Kunihisa Miwa","doi":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) is associated with long COVID and also untoward sequelae after anti-coronavirus vaccination. Recently, oral minocycline therapy has been reported to ameliorate symptoms in patients with ME, particularly at the initial stage of the disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Oral minocycline (100 mg × 2 on the first day, followed by 100 mg/day for 41 days) was administered to 55 patients with ME that emerged during the “Corona era,” including 19 patients with long COVID and 5 patients diagnosed with untoward sequalae following coronavirus vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Acute adverse effects including nausea and/or dizziness caused four (7 %) patients to discontinue treatment in the first few days. Among the other 51 patients who completed therapy, favorable effects were observed, including a decrease in performance status score or index for restricted activities of daily living ≥2 points in 41 (80 %) patients. Disease duration was inversely associated with the favorable therapeutic effects (<em>p</em> = 0.02) and the disease duration within 6 months was significantly associated with the favorable therapeutic effects (27/30, 90 %, <em>p</em> = 0.02, hazard ratio: 3.6, 95 % confidence interval, 1.2<strong>–</strong>10.6). The favorable effects were observed in 16 (89 %) of 18 patients with long COVID. Significant amelioration of subjective symptoms of fatigue, post-exertional malaise, unrefreshing sleep, brain fog, disequilibrium, orthostatic intolerance, and neuropathic pain were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Oral minocycline was effective at ameliorating symptoms in patients with ME including long COVID and post-coronavirus vaccination sequalae. It represents an effective first-line therapeutic option for these patients in the initial stage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37974,"journal":{"name":"eNeurologicalSci","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11665601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropathy and the metabolic syndrome","authors":"Nicoló Piccolo ,&nbsp;Astrid Wiggers ,&nbsp;Emily J. Koubek,&nbsp;Eva L. Feldman","doi":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) are major global health challenges that contribute significantly to the rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and neuropathy. Neuropathy, a common and disabling complication of T2D, is characterized by progressive distal-to-proximal axonal degeneration, driven in part by mitochondrial dysfunction in both neurons and axons. Recent evidence points to the toxic effects of saturated fatty acids on peripheral nerve health, with studies demonstrating that these fats impair mitochondrial function and bioenergetics, leading to distal axonal loss. Conversely, monounsaturated fatty acids are found to be neuroprotective, restoring mitochondrial function and preventing neuropathy. These findings suggest that dietary factors play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neuropathy associated with metabolic dysregulation and emphasize the need for lifestyle interventions and therapies that target these newly identified mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37974,"journal":{"name":"eNeurologicalSci","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on functional, cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and health-related outcomes in patients with dementia: A systematic review","authors":"Lucia Crivelli ,&nbsp;Andrea Winkler ,&nbsp;Greta Keller ,&nbsp;Simone Beretta ,&nbsp;Ismael Luis Calandri ,&nbsp;Wouter De Groote ,&nbsp;Arianna Fornari ,&nbsp;Jennifer Frontera ,&nbsp;Miia Kivipelto ,&nbsp;Ana Sabsil Lopez-Rocha ,&nbsp;Francesca Mangialasche ,&nbsp;Daniel Munblit ,&nbsp;Katie Palmer ,&nbsp;Alla Guekht ,&nbsp;Ricardo Allegri","doi":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This systematic review analyzes the impact of COVID-19 on dementia patients' functional, cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and health related outcomes. It hypothesizes that dementia patients infected with SARS-CoV-2experience more pronounced deterioration compared to those who are uninfected.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Research from 01/03/2020 to 07/10/2023 was conducted using Medline, Web of Science, and Embase databases, and adhering to PRISMA guidelines and the PICO framework. The study aimed to determine if SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with worse outcomes in dementia patients. The protocol is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022352481), and bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 198 studies reviewed, only three met the criteria. Chen et al. (2023) identified higher mortality in SARS-CoV-2-infected dementia patients, while Merla et al. (2023) observed faster cognitive decline in infected individuals with increased hospital admissions. Additionally, Cascini et al. (2022) reported an increased risk of infection and significantly elevated mortality in dementia patients, highlighting comorbidities and antipsychotic medication use as key risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These limited data suggest higher mortality and cognitive decline in dementia patients following COVID-19, underscoring the need for extensive research in this area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37974,"journal":{"name":"eNeurologicalSci","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myasthenia gravis: The evolving therapeutic landscape","authors":"Gil I. Wolfe,&nbsp;Jonathan E. Hanson,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Silvestri","doi":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pharmacological options in the management of generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) have expanded rapidly in the last 7 years. There are now several complement inhibitors and neonatal Fc receptor antagonists on the market in many countries for patient management, following the successful completion of Phase 3 studies. In open-label extensions, these agents have proven to be effective over the longer term extending several years, with benefits such as reduction of corticosteroid requirements being observed. In the communication below, we will briefly summarize recent pharmacologic advancements in the management of gMG and outline how these agents are currently being used and may be used in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37974,"journal":{"name":"eNeurologicalSci","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100541"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thalamic deep brain stimulation for postural tremor caused by hyperthermia-induced cerebellar dysfunction: A case report","authors":"Mitsuyoshi Tamura ,&nbsp;Shigeki Hirano ,&nbsp;Yoshihisa Kitayama ,&nbsp;Marie Morooka ,&nbsp;Tomoki Suichi ,&nbsp;Kazumoto Shibuya ,&nbsp;Yoshinori Higuchi ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kuwabara","doi":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in treating tremor symptoms in cerebellar disorders remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>A 47-year-old woman presented with neck and arm tremor and ataxic speech/gait after four days of &gt;40 °C fever due to septic shock attributed to lithiasis-pyelonephritis. Left ventral intermediate nucleus thalamus DBS alleviated contralateral postural arm tremor, although the action tremor and terminal oscillation remained unchanged.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>To our knowledge, this is the first report of thalamic DBS for hyperthermia-induced cerebellar dysfunction. Patients with postural tremor resulting from cerebellar damage can benefit from thalamic DBS, leading to improved activities of daily living.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37974,"journal":{"name":"eNeurologicalSci","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurobehavioral features in medication-overuse headache","authors":"Franz Riederer ,&nbsp;Roberto Pirrotta ,&nbsp;Chantal Martin Soelch ,&nbsp;Andreas R. Gantenbein ,&nbsp;Adrian Scutelnic ,&nbsp;Antonia Klein ,&nbsp;Christoph J. Schankin ,&nbsp;Peter S. Sándor","doi":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Medication-overuse headache (MOH) has been related to the spectrum of dependence behavior and impaired orbitofrontal cortex function. Alexithymia is a trait comprising deficits in identifying self-emotions and perception. It was the aim of the study to investigate impulsivity and alexithymia, in patients with MOH and perform correlations with cerebral grey matter.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Patients with chronic migraine and MOH according to ICHD criteria from a tertiary headache clinic and healthy controls were investigated by a single psychiatrist, using clinical scales for self-control (BIS-11) and alexithymia (TAS-20) and screened for dependence based on DSM-IV criteria. Correlations of BIS-11 and TAS-20 with cerebral grey matter were analysed with the SPM based toolbox CAT12, using high resolution T1weighted MRI-Sequences acquired on a 3 T scanner.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MRI data were available from 30 MOH patients (24 women) and 47 healthy controls (26 women). MOH patients had increased impulsivity (62.2 ± 11.1 vs. 55.7 ± 7.2; <em>p</em> = 0.007) and alexithymia (49.8 ± 14.8 vs. 38.0 ± 6.5; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Analyzing only women, the results remained significant. Ninety percent of patients fulfilled DSM-IV criteria for substance dependence. There was a positive correlation between impulsivity and grey matter in the left middle orbital gyrus in healthy controls but not in patients (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05, corrected). No correlations with alexithymia and cerebral grey matter were found.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The present study suggests a neurobehavioral basis for MOH, consisting of impaired impulse control, and self-perception along with features of substance dependence. Although decreased orbitofrontal cortex volume was confirmed in this MOH cohort, impulsivity and alexithymia were not correlated with this structural abnormality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37974,"journal":{"name":"eNeurologicalSci","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100538"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"World neurology updates: Other primary headache disorder – Treatment","authors":"Sina Marzoughi ,&nbsp;Peter J. Goadsby","doi":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100535","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37974,"journal":{"name":"eNeurologicalSci","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De novo myasthenia gravis in a patient with malignant melanoma after concurrent SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: Case report and literature review","authors":"Mohadese Shahin ,&nbsp;Pedram Fadavi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Mostafa Ansari Ramandi ,&nbsp;Soroush Shahrokh ,&nbsp;Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary","doi":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the advent and increasingly common use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment have been notable. While ICIs have shown relatively better toxicity profiles compared to traditional chemotherapy agents, they are linked to a unique range of toxicities known as immune-related adverse events (irAEs), stemming from immune system dysregulation. Following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, cancer patients were universally categorized as the highest priority subgroup for vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), despite being excluded from vaccine trials. The exclusion of cancer patients from vaccine trials has raised concerns within the scientific community about the potential for a hyperactive autoimmune response, which could lead to severe irAEs in patients receiving concurrent ICIs and anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Retrospective studies have indicated subtle safety concerns for mRNA vaccines in cancer patients who have undergone ICI treatment, with none of these studies encompassing inactivated anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Here, we present a case of a patient with malignant melanoma who developed fatal myasthenia gravis (MG) following concurrent vaccination with Sinopharm's inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) and initiation of pembrolizumab. Additionally, we examine current research on the relationship between anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and irAEs in patients treated with ICIs and propose a potential mechanism responsible for the fatal MG in our patient.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37974,"journal":{"name":"eNeurologicalSci","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of physical activity on quality of life in patients with epilepsy in a developing country: A cross-sectional, survey-based study","authors":"Daniel San-Juan ,&nbsp;Miguel Benjamín Cervera-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Miguel Angel Morales-Morales ,&nbsp;Emilio Israel Wong-Valenzuela ,&nbsp;Dara Lizeth Torres-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Daniela Carolina Pimentel-Saona","doi":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Rationale</h3><div>Patients with epilepsy face different barriers based on ignorance and fear of themselves and others while exercising, this situation complicates attempts at exercise and promotes discrimination against patients. Physical activity has been associated with favorable results in the health of this population and can be used as a non-pharmacological treatment seeking to increase the health and improve living conditions of patients. Our study aims to explore how physical activity impacts quality-of-life perception in these patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed a cross-sectional, survey-based study conducted at the outpatient Epilepsy Clinic in the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”. Patients between 17 and 65 years of age and with an established diagnosis of epilepsy were considered for participation. A 31-item questionnaire was administered to all participants face-to-face or by telephone. The questions included in the survey were selected from the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory to assess the level of exercise and perceived quality of life of participants. Descriptive and inferential Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> test statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants' mean age was 35.69 ± 11.93 years, 45 % were male and 55 % female. Significant differences were found in the domain of perceived quality of life in the self-reported physically active participants (<em>p</em> = 0.0256; 95 % IC: 1.00–15.22), with a mean score of 75.78 ± 16.64 in the active group vs. 67.66 ± 15.86 in the sedentary group. In those who complied with the exercise recommendations according to the WHO, there was significant evidence of improvement in the general quality of life (<em>p</em> = 0.0032; 95 % IC:4.9–23.9), with a mean score of 75.22 ± 15.92 in the active group vs. 60.76 ± 17.836 in the sedentary group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Physical activity is associated with a significant impact on how patients with epilepsy perceive their quality of life. In addition, it improves memory and concentration in the tasks they perform in their daily lives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37974,"journal":{"name":"eNeurologicalSci","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100533"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}