Food and Waterborne Parasitology最新文献

{"title":"Seroepidemiological and biomolecular survey on Toxoplasma gondii in Sardinian wild boar (Sus scrofa)","authors":"Maria Francesca Sini ,&nbsp;Maria Manconi ,&nbsp;Antonio Varcasia ,&nbsp;Giovanna Massei ,&nbsp;Ramona Sandu ,&nbsp;Naunain Mehmood ,&nbsp;Fahad Ahmed ,&nbsp;Carlo Carta ,&nbsp;Cinzia Cantacessi ,&nbsp;Christian Scarano ,&nbsp;Antonio Scala ,&nbsp;Claudia Tamponi","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2024.e00222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2024.e00222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> is a zoonotic parasite able of infecting all warm-blooded animals. Toxoplasmosis is one of the major foodborne diseases globally. The consumption of wild boar (<em>Sus scrofa</em>) meat from recreational hunting has been linked to outbreaks of human toxoplasmosis. The island of Sardinia (Italy) contains a large wild boar population, thus providing an opportunity to assess the distribution of <em>Toxoplasma</em> in this species and the associated risks of transmission to humans. A total of 562 wild boars were screened: heart and meat juice samples were tested for <em>T. gondii</em> DNA via nested-PCR and IgG anti-<em>Toxoplasma</em> by commercial ELISA. Anti-<em>Toxoplasma</em> IgG were detected in 24.6% (138/562) of animals, while 37.2% (209/562) of the heart samples were PCR positive. The prevalence of <em>T. gondii</em> antibodies and DNA highlights the potential role of wild boar as an important reservoir for this parasite. The study suggests that wild boar could play a significant role in spreading the parasite to humans. As wild boar numbers are increasing throughout their range, their potential role in transmitting toxoplasmosis should be communicated to stakeholders, and the impact of different population control methods on disease transmission should be thoroughly assessed to mitigate potential threats effectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article e00222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676624000040/pdfft?md5=a967dae9850c0babb09bc56f9c833778&pid=1-s2.0-S2405676624000040-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139634133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ascaris lumbricoides harbors a distinct gut microbiota profile from its human host: Preliminary insights","authors":"Azdayanti Muslim ,&nbsp;Shafiq Aazmi ,&nbsp;Yi Xian Er ,&nbsp;Shezryna Shahrizal ,&nbsp;Yvonne Ai Lian Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2024.e00223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2024.e00223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In indigenous populations where soil-transmitted helminths (STH) infections are endemic, STH parasites (i.e., <em>Ascaris lumbricoides</em>, <em>Trichuris trichiura</em>, hookworms) often co-exist and co-evolve with the gut microbiota of their human hosts. The association between STH infections and the gut microbiota of the colonized human hosts has been established, but few studies explored the gut microbiota of the parasites. This preliminary study aimed to characterize the microbiota of the STH parasite for further understanding the STH parasite-host relationship. The gut microbial genomic DNA from four adult <em>A. lumbricoides</em> worms recovered from a six-year-old indigenous Negrito boy living in an STH-endemic village in Perak, Peninsular Malaysia was extracted and sequenced for the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA. The microbiota profiles of these worms were characterized and compared with the gut microbiota of their human host, including the profiles from four STH-positive and three STH-negative individuals from the same tribe and village. The gut microbial structure of <em>A. lumbricoides</em> was found to be differed significantly from their human host. The worms contained lower gut bacterial abundance and diversity than human. This difference was evident in the beta diversity analysis which showed a clear separation between the two sample types. While both Firmicutes (52.3%) and Bacteroidetes (36.6%) are the predominant phyla followed by Proteobacteria (7.2%) in the human gut, the microbiota of <em>Ascaris</em> gut is highly dominated by Firmicutes, constituting 84.2% relative abundance (mainly from the genus <em>Clostridium</em>), followed by Proteobacteria (11.1%), Tenericutes (1.8%) and Bacteroidetes (1.5%). The parasites were also found to alter the microbial structure of the human gut following infection based on the relatively higher bacterial abundance in STH-positive versus STH-negative participants. Further studies with a greater number of <em>Ascaris</em> adults and human hosts are needed to confirm the gut microbiota profiles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article e00223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676624000052/pdfft?md5=2735f290487fed1829432dd4d110a9b3&pid=1-s2.0-S2405676624000052-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139634341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary investigations of parasite contamination of water sources in Armenia","authors":"Oleg V. Shcherbakov ,&nbsp;Sargis A. Aghayan ,&nbsp;Hasmik Sh. Gevorgyan ,&nbsp;Tigran A. Abgaryan ,&nbsp;Ruzanna H. Gevorgyan ,&nbsp;Alejandro Jiménez-Meléndez ,&nbsp;Lucy J. Robertson","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2024.e00221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2024.e00221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The intestinal protozoan parasites, <em>Cryptosporidium</em> and <em>Giardia</em>, are known to have a global distribution, infecting and causing disease in a range of hosts, including people, livestock, pets, and wildlife. However, data from some regions is very sparse. In Armenia, in the Caucasus region of West Asia, only scanty data are available, with just a few surveys on <em>Cryptosporidium</em> infections in livestock, and no available data on human infections or environmental contamination. As part of implementation of water analysis methods for these parasites in Armenia, 24 raw water samples and two sediment samples were analysed for these parasites using a range of approaches, including modified Ziehl-Neelsen, Lugol stain, immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT), qPCR and, on sediment samples, immunomagnetic separation and IFAT. Results suggest substantial contamination of raw water sources and indicate the need for further targeted studies using appropriate methods and collecting data on host infections in catchment areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article e00221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676624000039/pdfft?md5=ff125e65ff5c5057ab01e767ed73396d&pid=1-s2.0-S2405676624000039-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139632252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Sarcocystis hominis, Sarcocystis bovifelis, Sarcocystis cruzi, Sarcocystis hirsuta and Sarcocystis sigmoideus sp. nov. in carcasses affected by bovine eosinophilic myositis","authors":"Selene Rubiola ,&nbsp;Gastón Moré ,&nbsp;Tiziana Civera ,&nbsp;Andrew Hemphill ,&nbsp;Caroline F. Frey ,&nbsp;Walter Basso ,&nbsp;Irene Colasanto ,&nbsp;Davide Vercellino ,&nbsp;Marta Fidelio ,&nbsp;Mauro Lovisone ,&nbsp;Francesco Chiesa","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2024.e00220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2024.e00220","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bovine eosinophilic myositis is an inflammatory myopathy characterized by multiple focal or diffuse grey to green patches leading to condemnation of affected carcasses. Although its etiology is still uncertain, there is evidence that &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis&lt;/em&gt; species may play a role in the development of eosinophilic myositis. The goal of the present study was to identify &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis&lt;/em&gt; spp. in intralesional and extralesional tissues of condemned cattle carcasses, in order to evaluate the possible role of different bovine &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis&lt;/em&gt; spp. in the etiology of bovine eosinophilic myositis. Muscle samples (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 100) of 26 affected carcasses were collected in Northern Italy. One to five samples with lesions and two aliquots of tissue without lesions were collected from each carcass; lesions were grossly categorized in green focal lesions and green diffuse patches. Genomic DNA was extracted and analyzed by multiplex-PCR targeting different &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis&lt;/em&gt; spp. Unidentified species were characterized morphologically (light microscopy, histology), ultrastructurally (scanning and transmission electron microscopy) and on the molecular level (complete 18S rRNA gene and partial &lt;em&gt;cox1&lt;/em&gt; gene sequencing). A bovine eosinophilic myositis prevalence of 0.017% was visually assessed by routine carcass inspection between 2014 and 2019 in Italy (184/1,108,150 slaughtered cattle). Out of 26 carcasses, 25 revealed the presence of at least one &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis&lt;/em&gt; species (96.2%). The presence of &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis&lt;/em&gt; spp. DNA was significantly more frequent in intralesional than in extralesional samples. Considering the different species, &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis bovifelis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis hominis&lt;/em&gt; were significantly more frequent in intralesional (41.7% and 50%, respectively) than in extralesional samples (1.9% and 15.4%, respectively), while there was no significant difference between the presence of &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis cruzi&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis hirsuta&lt;/em&gt; in intralesional (27.1% and 2.1%, respectively) and extralesional (30.8% and 1.9%, respectively) samples. The presence of an unnamed &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis&lt;/em&gt; sp. showing thick-walled (3.7–5.4 μm) cysts with densely packed, flattened, undulating and narrow protrusions, which showed an S-shape in side view, was recorded in the diaphragm of two carcasses. Genomic DNA from individual sarcocysts isolated from the diaphragm was successfully amplified and further sequenced. Sequence comparison revealed &lt;94.6% and 83.4% identity at 18S rRNA and &lt;em&gt;cox1&lt;/em&gt; genes, respectively, with other named &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis&lt;/em&gt; spp., while the phylogenetic analysis clearly separated the unnamed &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis&lt;/em&gt; sp. from the other &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis&lt;/em&gt; spp. using cattle as intermediate hosts. The present study contributes to the understanding of the importance of different &lt;em&gt;Sarcocystis&lt;/em&gt; spp. in the pathogenesis of bovine eosinophilic myositis. The results emphasize the association of &lt;","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article e00220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676624000027/pdfft?md5=19a87d4e20e31fa3411277713f06a6a2&pid=1-s2.0-S2405676624000027-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139549106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Echinococcus multilocularis from horses raised in Canada or Japan, using mitochondrial cytochrome b gene–targeted PCR","authors":"Tatsuro Hifumi ,&nbsp;Tetsuya Tanaka ,&nbsp;Ichinosuke Suzu ,&nbsp;Miho Sato ,&nbsp;Kohei Akioka ,&nbsp;Chiaki Fujimata ,&nbsp;Ryohei Shinkai ,&nbsp;Tsutomu Maeda ,&nbsp;Kodai Kusakisako ,&nbsp;Hiromi Ikadai ,&nbsp;Noriaki Miyoshi","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2024.e00219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2024.e00219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alveolar echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by a larval-stage <em>Echinococcus multilocularis</em> infection. Geographical haplotyping targeting the parasite's mitochondrial cytochrome <em>b</em> (<em>cob</em>) gene has been reported for isolates from definitive and intermediate hosts (wild canids and rodents); however, there are limited reports on strain typing for the dead-end host, the horse, which could act as a sentinel for E<em>. multilocularis</em>. Accordingly, we investigated the diversity of <em>E. multilocularis</em> in isolates obtained from slaughtered Japanese and Canadian horses originating from the Iburi and Hidaka regions in Hokkaido and from Alberta, respectively, with PCR and haplogroup analyses targeting <em>cob</em> gene sequences obtained. Seventy horses were diagnosed with alveolar echinococcosis based on histopathology and <em>cob</em>-gene PCR testing. The <em>E. multilocularis</em> detected in these horses was classified as either an Asian (for Hokkaido-raised horses) or a European (for Alberta-raised horses) haplogroup, based on the obtained <em>cob</em>-gene sequence analysis. In addition, haplotype network analysis revealed that <em>E. multilocularis</em> isolated from Hokkaido-raised horses is highly homologous to Kazakhstan isolates, and <em>E. multilocularis</em> isolated from Alberta-raised horses is highly homologous to Austrian isolates. The results of this study suggest that <em>cob</em>-gene-targeted PCR analysis could be useful for the geographical genetic characterization of <em>E. multilocularis</em> isolated from horses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article e00219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676624000015/pdfft?md5=737cbd62f9e959c8ccc698f5e2d0de53&pid=1-s2.0-S2405676624000015-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139480174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Cryptosporidium parvum and Blastocystis hominis subtype ST3 in Cholga mussel and treated sewage: Preliminary evidence of fecal contamination in harvesting area","authors":"P. Suarez ,&nbsp;A. Vallejos-Almirall ,&nbsp;I. Fernández ,&nbsp;I. Gonzalez-Chavarria ,&nbsp;J.L. Alonso ,&nbsp;G. Vidal","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Cryptosporidium parvum</em> and <em>Blastocystis hominis</em> are foodborne parasites known for causing diarrhea. They accumulate in mussels grown on contaminated water bodies, due to the discharge of treated sewage from sewage treatment plants (STP). Despite this, some countries like Chile do not include these parasites in the control or monitoring of sewage water. The objective of this research was to evaluate the contamination of <em>C. parvum</em>. and <em>B. hominis</em> from treated sewage (disinfected by chlorination) and Cholga mussels in a touristic rural cove from the bay of Concepción. Cholga mussels from commercial stores and a treated sewage sample were analyzed. <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp. was identified by Ziehl-Neelsen-Staining (ZNS) and <em>C. parvum</em> by direct-immunofluorescence assay (IFA) from ZNS-positive samples. <em>Blastocystis hominis</em> was identified by PCR using locus SSU rDNA. <em>C. parvum</em> and <em>B. hominis</em> subtype ST3 were found in 40% and 45% of Cholga mussel samples, respectively, and both parasites were identified in the treated sewage. <em>Blastocystis hominis</em> SSU rDNA gene alignment from Cholga mussels and treated sewage showed 89% of similarity, indicating that could be the same parasite in both samples. We describe the first evidence of possible contamination with these parasites from treated sewage to Cholga mussel suggesting an environmental contamination with high human risk. Based on these results, further studies will consider all the rural coves and STP from the bay to prevent possible contamination of these parasites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article e00214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676623000276/pdfft?md5=f45512db938b8382cafd6ab22d608415&pid=1-s2.0-S2405676623000276-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138838855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale ecological drivers of Echinococcus multilocularis spatial distribution in wild hosts: A systematic review","authors":"Andrea Simoncini ,&nbsp;Alessandro Massolo","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the ecological factors that drive the spatial patterns of parasites transmission is essential to predict their distribution under global change and to direct proactive surveillance efforts. Here, we systematically reviewed the literature to assess the main ecological drivers responsible for the spatial distribution and transmission of the zoonotic cestode <em>Echinococcus multilocularis</em>, the aetiological agent of alveolar echinococcosis, focusing on wild hosts. The 23 retrieved studies suggested that the dispersal of definitive hosts, climatic and biotic factors (distribution of intermediate hosts, composition of host communities) shape continental-scale distribution patterns of <em>E. multilocularis</em>, whereas the relative importance of climate and land cover in driving <em>E. multilocularis</em> distribution at a smaller (country/regional) scale varies with the geographic area considered. At a local scale, two additional factors contribute to determine the distribution of micro-foci of transmission: the trophic relationships between carnivores definitive hosts and small mammals intermediate hosts, and the defecation and marking behaviour of definitive hosts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article e00216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240567662300029X/pdfft?md5=87750bbf5df8889db32262cc25bcdae6&pid=1-s2.0-S240567662300029X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138501763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Board Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2405-6766(23)00030-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2405-6766(23)00030-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article e00217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676623000306/pdfft?md5=886cd1008a099bcf14ddfc6813a4b8b0&pid=1-s2.0-S2405676623000306-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138557893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence and risk factors for Taenia spp infection in pigs in Kongwa and Songwe districts, Tanzania: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Christina Wilson ,&nbsp;Robinson Hammerthon Mdegela ,&nbsp;Hezron Emmanuel Nonga ,&nbsp;George Makingi ,&nbsp;Ayubu Jacob Churi ,&nbsp;Dominik Stelzle ,&nbsp;Ernatus Martin Mkupasi ,&nbsp;Veronika Schmidt ,&nbsp;Hélène Carabin ,&nbsp;Andrea Sylvia Winkler ,&nbsp;Helena Aminiel Ngowi","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Taenia solium</em> porcine cysticercosis (PCC) is widespread in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where free-range pig rearing is common and hygienic standards are subpar. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 42 villages between June and September 2019 (14 in Songwe district, southwest Tanzania, and 28 in Kongwa district, central Tanzania). Using a commercial Ag-ELISA kit (apDia, Belgium), circulating antigens of <em>Taenia spp</em> in pig serum were identified and used to calculate the PCC seroprevalence. The study recruited 692 randomly selected households, sampling one pig per household. The relationship between each risk factor and the seroprevalence of PCC at the household and village levels was analysed using mixed logistic regression models. The findings showed that approximately 28% of the pigs were reared in free-range settings, the proportion of households with latrines across the districts was 92%. Twenty-seven percent of households with latrines had water and soap available for hand washing. Sixty-seven (9.7%) tested positive for PCC based on Ag-ELISA. The overall seroprevalence in Kongwa and Songwe districts was 7.3% and 14.0% respectively. In addition, the overall village Ag-ELISA positivity was 9.3%, with an interquartile range (IQR) of 4.6% – 14.1%. Increasing the age of the pig (OR = 3.13 95% CI = 1.48 – 6.60; <em>p</em> = 0.003), pig originating from outside the household (OR = 0.5 95% CI = 0.25 – 0.99; <em>p</em> = 0.05), and pigs kept in a household that practised deworming (OR = 2.23 95% CI = 1.08 – 4.61; <em>p</em> = 0.03) were important risk factors associated with PCC positivity. Therefore, the high seroprevalence of PCC, up to 14%, calls for rapid and effective control actions such as vaccination and treatment of pigs against PCC, and public health education emphasises on indoor pig rearing, hygienic practices and regular use of latrines. Our findings also point to a potential danger of <em>Taenia. spp</em> infection indicating the possibility of people carrying the adult parasite <em>Taenia solium</em> not only in the rural communities of Kongwa and Songwe districts but also in the urban areas of Tanzania, where pigs from these areas are transported for consumption. To develop effective management measures, further research on taeniasis and cysticercosis in the human population is required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article e00215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676623000288/pdfft?md5=55920667d0497a0561f968db84782c70&pid=1-s2.0-S2405676623000288-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138473829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human diphyllobothriosis in Taiwan: A review of cases and molecular evidence of Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis","authors":"Chia-Kwung Fan ,&nbsp;Daniel Barčák ,&nbsp;Tomáš Scholz ,&nbsp;Pasaikou Sonko ,&nbsp;Martina Orosová ,&nbsp;Kua-Eyre Su ,&nbsp;Chun-Chao Chang ,&nbsp;Yuarn-Jang Lee ,&nbsp;Roman Kuchta ,&nbsp;Mikuláš Oros","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diphyllobothriosis is an infectious disease caused by the consumption of raw freshwater or marine fish containing larvae of broad tapeworms (Diphyllobothriidae). In the present study, we critically reviewed all cases of human diphyllobothriosis reported from Taiwan, including unpublished reports from hospitals in Taipei. Genotyping based on mitochondrial DNA marker (<em>cox</em>1) confirmed that two of the recent cases were caused by <em>Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis</em>, which is not native to Taiwan and was probably imported with Pacific salmon infected with larvae of <em>D. nihonkaiensis</em>. The causative species previously reported in Taiwan could not be definitively confirmed. However, considering the distribution of <em>Dibothriocephalus latus</em>, which is not endemic in Taiwan, past cases diagnosed as <em>D. latus</em> are questionable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article e00213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676623000264/pdfft?md5=11ee587248019f43012d94c9ed36ad82&pid=1-s2.0-S2405676623000264-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91957317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}