Translational Research in Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"Revisiting the anatomy of inferior extensor retinaculum of foot and ankle, a study based on fifty embalmed adult cadaveric lower extremities","authors":"M. Praveen Shenoy,&nbsp;Mangala M. Pai,&nbsp;B.V. Murlimanju,&nbsp;Rajanigandha Vadgaonkar,&nbsp;Latha V. Prabhu,&nbsp;M.D. Prameela","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The facial condensation of deep fascia form retinacula, Superior and Inferior, with a primary function to hold the extensor tendons of the foot in position. The morphology of inferior extensor retinaculum (IER) is clinically important in the tendon rupture repair and foot drop surgeries. The anatomy of ankle and foot IER is not much investigated and this prompted us to conceptualize this study to investigate the morphology and morphological variants of IER.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This descriptive, cross-sectional institutional based study included 50 dorsa of feet from the 25 embalmed adult cadavers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The present study observed that, the anatomy of IER is complex wherein multiple septa of varied thickness arise from its undersurface from both the stem and limbs, defining its compartments. Five well defined compartments existed, which lodged the extensor tendons. The third compartment was deep and overlapped by the extensor digitorum longus tendons. Fourth compartment was well defined and lodged the extensor digitorum longus and peroneus tertius tendons, separated by an ill-defined septum. However, in 6 specimens (12 %), the peroneus tertius traversed the fifth compartment, which otherwise did not have any contents. Some morphological variants of the tendons were also noted as they passed beneath the IER.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study is novel in determining the compartment format, deeper connections of IER, and relations with deeper structures along with the anatomical variations, which are clinically important in ankle arthroscopy, tendinoscopy, tendon repairs and foot drop stabilization surgeries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple rare abdominal aortic branch variations in the case of a centenarian woman. Case report and review of the literature","authors":"Michela Vincis ,&nbsp;Claire Lewis ,&nbsp;Denis Barry ,&nbsp;Marcello Trucas","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Anatomical variations of the abdominal aorta are crucial when considering the success of clinical procedures including diagnostic imaging, oncologic resections, organ transplantations, laparoscopic surgeries, management of penetrating abdominal injuries, and interventional radiological procedures. Accurate knowledge of these vessels is essential for these procedures to be effective. The literature underlying the relationships of the anterior visceral branches of the aorta, especially regarding their origins and distances from the aortic bifurcation, is limited. As part of routine anatomical dissection, we identified multiple rare aortic vessel variants in a cadaveric female with associated visceral adaptations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 99-year-old formalin embalmed female donor was dissected at the Discipline of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin. The branches of the abdominal aorta were isolated, and their course and relationships with related abdominal organs were visualised.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A ptotic arrangement of the liver, pancreas, stomach and gall bladder displacement, and multiple rare aortic branch variants were identified, including variations in the inferior phrenic arteries, a long hepatosplenic trunk, a long cystic artery originating from the gastroduodenal artery, the anterior origin of the right renal artery adjacent to the superior mesenteric artery, and the bilateral absence of the ovarian arteries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These variations, combined with the inferior displacement of several abdominal viscera make this case exceptionally rare and significant for its potential clinical and surgical implications. This work demonstrates how the simultaneous presence of multiple rare abdominal vascular variations, and the concomitant displacement of abdominal organs has led to a complete adaptation of the vascular system and organ function. The donor had reached almost one hundred years of age without any significant symptoms, demonstrating how a systemic study of the patient is important prior to surgical intervention, where the presence of vascular variants is suspected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opened sacral canal: Anatomical case report with commentaries on neurological significance","authors":"Andrzej Żytkowski ,&nbsp;Jakub Dębski ,&nbsp;Kacper Wąsikiewicz ,&nbsp;Edward Clarke ,&nbsp;Stanisław Orkisz","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This case report examines anatomical specimens of the sacrum with an opened sacral canal and discusses the potential causes and clinical significance associated with this condition.</div></div><div><h3>Case description</h3><div>This description concerns an isolated sacrum. A wholly opened sacral canal (from S1 to S5 level) was observed on the bony specimen. A detailed anatomical description of the specimen is provided.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The opened sacral canal is caused by incomplete fusion of sacral vertebral laminae. It may involve various levels and is significantly relevant in clinical practice. Understanding the complexities of the sacral canal and its associated pathologies is crucial for clinicians in developing effective treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the skin layers and its appendages of developing human fetuses at different trimesters of pregnancy","authors":"Kumar Megur Ramakrishna Bhat,&nbsp;FK Febina,&nbsp;Lokadolalu Chandrachar Prasanna","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Understanding the fundamentals of skin illnesses mediated by the immune system and genetics is aided by knowledge of the composition and structure of fetal skin. In general, the epidermis, skin appendages (including sebaceous glands, hair follicles, and sweat glands), and the underlying dermis from mesenchymal tissue are all derived from the surface ectoderm.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twelve stillborn or medically terminated human fetuses from the three trimesters of pregnancy (four specimens of different gestational weeks from each trimester) were examined for this study (from January 2024 to June 2024) with institutional ethics committee approval. Histological analysis was performed on skin that was specifically chosen from the flexor (front of the thorax and palm) and extensor (back of the thorax and sole) regions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The epidermis architecture progresses from squamous layered to well-differentiated cellular layers in the third trimester. The cellular dermis with no or very little fibrous component gradually increases with fetal age. As a fetus's gestational age increases, the fibrous material invades epidermal appendages including sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Appendages of skin and glands begin to appear towards the end of the first trimester. The development of the dermis showed varied differences in the cellular and fibrous components at different trimesters. A fundamental understanding of the formation of the skin in embryos may help regulate the adult wound healing process to promote faster, scar-free healing of the skin and its appendages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evidence-based method to assess the suprascapular notch morphology","authors":"George Triantafyllou,&nbsp;George Tsakotos,&nbsp;Maria Piagkou","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100372","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the septum pellucidum: Short review of anatomical insights and the clinical impact of septum pellucidum and cavum septi pellucidi","authors":"Andrzej Żytkowski ,&nbsp;Edward Clarke ,&nbsp;Stanisław Orkisz","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The septum pellucidum (SP) is a thin, triangular, and delicate structure in the brain. It consists of two layers of white and gray matter and topographically is located between the lateral ventricles. The SP is part of the limbic system, which involves emotions, behavior, and memory.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This concise review provides an overview of the anatomy, development, and clinical significance of the SP, with a specific focus on cavum septi pellucidi (CSP). It also discusses its implications for brain function and its potential link to neurological disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>As an essential structure within the limbic system, the SP and its associated variations, like CSP, offer valuable insights into brain development and function, particularly concerning emotions, memory, and psychiatric disorders. Understanding the role of the septum pellucidum and its developmental anomalies may shed light on various neuropsychiatric conditions and help guide future research and clinical practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsurgical assessment of thymus vascular anatomy","authors":"Luis F. Tintinago-Londoño ,&nbsp;Tania M. Guzmán ,&nbsp;Estephania Candelo ,&nbsp;Andrés Gempeler ,&nbsp;Juan F. Vélez ,&nbsp;Juan C. Arias ,&nbsp;Walter Mosquera ,&nbsp;William Victoria","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The thymus is pivotal for immune system development by facilitating T-cell maturation. Current treatments for congenital athymia typically involve avascular transplantation of allogeneic thymic tissue. However, vascularizing an infant thymus for transplantation could offer improved outcomes, necessitating a detailed understanding of its vascular anatomy.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Between June and November 2022, we conducted a feasibility study at our tertiary care university hospital, examining seven thymus glands that were surgically removed and discarded during corrective surgeries for congenital heart disease in patients aged 16 days to 17 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Angiographic analysis revealed distinct vascular pathways in infant thymic lobes, with arteries averaging 0.5 mm and veins 0.8 mm in diameter, both showing adequate perfusion with Belzer solution.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings provide critical insights into the vascular anatomy of the infant thymus, underscoring its potential for microvascular revascularization and transplantation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral convexity arachnoid cysts: A focused systematic review with defining characteristics","authors":"William Srinivasan ,&nbsp;Alissa Maurer ,&nbsp;William Thorell ,&nbsp;Ethan L. Snow","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Arachnoid cysts are non-neoplastic accumulations of cerebrospinal fluid formed within partitioned layers of the arachnoid mater. They represent about 1% of all intracranial masses in humans. Most arachnoid cysts present in the middle cranial fossa, but few occur along the cerebral convexity. Gross imaging of cerebral convexity arachnoid cysts (CCACs) is extremely scarce. The purpose of this study is to conduct a focused systematic review of CCACs and report their defining clinical characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature review was conducted to compile and summarize primary sources of anatomical and clinical information about CCACs. A large CCAC was discovered and dissected in a human cadaver. The CCAC was photographed in situ, and its impacts on contiguous gyri and sulci were documented and presented as a representative example of a CCAC.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CCAC formation is attributed to congenital (primary) or trauma-related (secondary) etiologies. While they are often asymptomatic, CCAC location and size can influence symptomology. The anticipated increase in intracranial pressure can elicit mild (e.g., headache) to severe (e.g., seizure, hydrocephalus) sequelae. The present study exhibits a remarkably large CCAC that developed within the left central sulcus, displacing the precentral and postcentral gyri. The central sulcus artery and vein were present and appeared unaffected.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Management of CCACs can range from close observation with no intervention in asymptomatic cases to surgical intervention. Typical surgical options include microsurgical fenestration via craniotomy, neuroendoscopic fenestration, and various forms of shunting. The efficacy of one surgical approach over another remains highly debated. As CCACs are mostly diagnosed with CT and/or MRI, gross imaging of CCACs is extremely rare. This study provides clinical anatomists, neurologists, and neurosurgeons with visual insight and perspective into the physical and clinical characteristics of CCACs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracranial injuries in the autopsy material of the Department of Forensic Medicine of the Medical University of Lodz with analysis of anatomical lesions caused by traumatic brain injuries","authors":"Anna Smędra ,&nbsp;Jarosław Berent ,&nbsp;Edward Clarke ,&nbsp;Jakub Dębski ,&nbsp;Andrzej Żytkowski","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In 2022, 408 autopsies were performed in the Department of Forensic Medicine of the Lodz Medical University, of which as many as 82 concerned deaths with intracranial injuries, which represents about 20 % of all performed autopsies.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The article presents a comparative analysis of deaths of people with intracranial injuries in terms of frequency, the structure of victims (gender, age, sobriety), type of injury (intracranial bleeding, bruises of nerve tissue, nerve tissue tears, posttraumatic brain oedema, etc.), causes and circumstances of death, place of death (house, hospital, street) survival time, type of tool/object used, and the obtained data were compared with publications from other departments of forensic medicine.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The victims were definitely male. Regarding age, deaths mainly concerned people between 31 and 70. The most common cause of death was multi-organ injuries, craniocerebral, intracranial and the least other injuries. Regarding the circumstances of the deaths, most of the cases were accidents; the fewest were homicides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The meaning of modern neuroanatomy","authors":"Andrzej Żytkowski ,&nbsp;Stanisław Orkisz","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neuroanatomy, the study of the structure and organization of the nervous system, has developed gradually to become a cornerstone of neurological sciences. As understanding of the brain and its intricate networks continues to evolve, modern neuroanatomy integrates advanced technologies and multidisciplinary approaches to provide deeper insights into the complexities of the human brain.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This report aims to present the meaning of modern neuroanatomy, its tools, applications, and the future perspectives.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The data gained from modern neuroanatomy have profound implications for understanding brain function, diagnosing and treating neurological disorders, and addressing ethical and societal challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}