Expression pattern of Calbindin-D28k, NeuN proteins, ATOH1 and EN2 genes in the human fetal cerebellum

Q3 Medicine
Phanindra Prasad Poudel , Arnab Ghosh , Chacchu Bhattarai , Saman Pradhan , Nirmal Panthi , Dela Singh Joshi , Shanti Khadka , Sandhya Kumari , Guruprasad Kalthur , Vani Lakshmi R. , Sneha Guruprasad Kalthur
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Human cerebellum plays a crucial role in motor coordination and cognitive functions. Series of events such as cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation occur during the development, which are tightly regulated by specific genes. Understanding the expression patterns of key genes involved in these processes during various stages of fetal development can provide valuable insights into the complex mechanisms of cerebellar development. This study aims to investigate the expression patterns of Calbindin-D28k, NeuN (neuronal nuclease), ATOH1 (Atonal homolog 1), and EN2 (Engrailed -2) in the human fetal cerebellum.

Methods

This is a descriptive observational study carried out in human fetal cerebellum, fluorescent immunohistochemistry was performed to study the expression of Calbindin-D28k and NeuN, and while the expression of ATOH1 and EN2 genes were quantified with the help of qPCR.

Results

Calbindin-D28k was highly immunoreactive in the Purkinje cells and located in their cytoplasm, nucleus and dendrites whereas absent in their axons. NeuN was expressed weakly in the perinuclear cytoplasm and nucleus of granule cells whereas absent in their dendrites and axons. ATOH1 gene was upregulated during third trimester whereas EN2 gene was upregulated during second as well as third trimesters.

Conclusion

Distribution and intensity of Calbindin-D28k and NeuN proteins in the human fetal cerebellum increased with the increase in fetal age. Expression pattern of ATOH1 and EN2 genes indicated that second and third trimesters are the crucial periods for the proliferation, migration and maturation of granule cells. These genes may play a crucial role in the establishment of normal morphology of human fetal cerebellum and its development.
钙宾蛋白-D28k、NeuN 蛋白、ATOH1 和 EN2 基因在人类胎儿小脑中的表达模式
背景人类小脑在运动协调和认知功能方面发挥着至关重要的作用。在发育过程中会发生细胞增殖、迁移和分化等一系列事件,而这些事件都受到特定基因的严格调控。了解参与这些过程的关键基因在胎儿发育各个阶段的表达模式,可以为了解小脑发育的复杂机制提供有价值的信息。本研究旨在探讨钙宾定-D28k、NeuN(神经元核酸酶)、ATOH1(Atonal homolog 1)和EN2(Engrailed -2)在人类胎儿小脑中的表达模式。方法 这是一项在人类胎儿小脑中进行的描述性观察研究,采用荧光免疫组化技术研究钙宾蛋白-D28k和NeuN的表达,并借助qPCR对ATOH1和EN2基因的表达进行量化。NeuN 在颗粒细胞的核周细胞质和细胞核中表达较弱,而在其树突和轴突中则没有表达。结论钙宾蛋白-D28k 和 NeuN 蛋白在人胎儿小脑中的分布和强度随着胎龄的增加而增加。ATOH1和EN2基因的表达模式表明,第二和第三孕期是颗粒细胞增殖、迁移和成熟的关键时期。这些基因可能在人类胎儿小脑正常形态的建立及其发育过程中起着关键作用。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
71
审稿时长
25 days
期刊介绍: Translational Research in Anatomy is an international peer-reviewed and open access journal that publishes high-quality original papers. Focusing on translational research, the journal aims to disseminate the knowledge that is gained in the basic science of anatomy and to apply it to the diagnosis and treatment of human pathology in order to improve individual patient well-being. Topics published in Translational Research in Anatomy include anatomy in all of its aspects, especially those that have application to other scientific disciplines including the health sciences: • gross anatomy • neuroanatomy • histology • immunohistochemistry • comparative anatomy • embryology • molecular biology • microscopic anatomy • forensics • imaging/radiology • medical education Priority will be given to studies that clearly articulate their relevance to the broader aspects of anatomy and how they can impact patient care.Strengthening the ties between morphological research and medicine will foster collaboration between anatomists and physicians. Therefore, Translational Research in Anatomy will serve as a platform for communication and understanding between the disciplines of anatomy and medicine and will aid in the dissemination of anatomical research. The journal accepts the following article types: 1. Review articles 2. Original research papers 3. New state-of-the-art methods of research in the field of anatomy including imaging, dissection methods, medical devices and quantitation 4. Education papers (teaching technologies/methods in medical education in anatomy) 5. Commentaries 6. Letters to the Editor 7. Selected conference papers 8. Case Reports
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