Groundwater for Sustainable Development最新文献

{"title":"Microplastics in water from the Cooum River, Chennai, India: An assessment of their distribution, composition, and environmental impact","authors":"J. Mohamed Afzal ,&nbsp;S. Selvam ,&nbsp;P. Saravanan ,&nbsp;Priyadarsi D. Roy ,&nbsp;P. Sanju ,&nbsp;P. Muthukumar","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Widespread nature of microplastics in rivers and their tributaries causes enormous harm to the aquatic environment. The present study investigates quantity, color, size, form, and composition of microplastics present in water from the Cooum River of Chennai in India. A total of 341 microplastics observed in water samples (n = 10) were characterized by transparent particles (42%) of mainly polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene (PP). About 69% of the particles with size &lt;1000 μm raise the possibility of being ingested by aquatic species. Fiber was the most common shape (48%), followed by film (20%), pellets (12%), fragments (12%), beads (5%), and foam (4%). Variable abundances of different shapes demonstrate a variety of sources, including the textile fibers and plastic breakdown. Polymers with high-risk ratings such as nylon and polypropylene are reflected with an estimated high Polymer Hazard Index (PHI &gt;1000) in some samples. Pollution Load Index suggested that samples along the river are moderately contaminated with microplastics. However, the Polymer Hazard Index (PERI) showed low ecological risk in the metropolitan area, river mouth, and potential fishing zones. These findings highlight ecological impact from the ubiquity of microplastics in waters from the Cooum River. Thus, the minimizing of microplastic pollution would require immediate action, including the implementation of stringent waste management and pollution reduction techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101362"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of salinity-clay variation on the transient magnetic field in the Quaternary aquifer, theoretically and practically","authors":"A.A. Mustafa ,&nbsp;A. S. A. Abu El-Ata ,&nbsp;A.K. Kamal ,&nbsp;A.M.S. Lala ,&nbsp;A.I. Ammar","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on understanding the physical foundations of the transient electromagnetic method, such as the transition from a simple basic principle to a more complex principle, starting from the Biot-Savart law until the current concept. It calculates the steady and transient magnetic fields around any electrical wire system. Accordingly, this law will be used to determine the magnetic field around the square loop configuration, which matches the magnetic field arising from the circular loop configuration. The square loop equation was derived and extended to include changes in the half-space, which allows us to understand how the electromagnetic waves travel in the subsurface and the farthest point, that can record the TEM response from the TEM loop, according to the loop size and loop current. Accordingly, the deduced equations were applied to predict the transient magnetic field curves of the Quaternary aquifer in three different water zones along the Nile delta, depending on the values of resistivity and chargeability caused by the variations in salinity and clay contents. The calculated transient magnetic curves were then compared with other measured field curves to confirm the validity of the derived equations. Therefore, these curves are expected to be used as guide curves for the transient magnetic field response in this aquifer. Also, these curves are important in estimating the hydro-geophysical characteristics of the main groundwater aquifer in the selected area and in other areas with the same geologic and hydrogeologic settings. Also, a common model is presented for any delta environment in the world in measured and calculated data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101360"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presenting a transdisciplinary robust approach for comprehensive assessment of large-scale underground water resources in western Indo-Gangetic Basin","authors":"Umair Khan ,&nbsp;Shiguo Wu ,&nbsp;Baoyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Majid Khan ,&nbsp;Junjin Chen ,&nbsp;Shafqat Hussain","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Overexploitation, pollution, and anthropogenic activities threaten the sustainability of groundwater resources in the western Indo-Gangetic Basin. Meanwhile, distinguishing regions prone to contamination and understanding the natural and anthropogenic factors affecting groundwater quality is challenging due to the heterogeneous nature of aquifer systems and the lack of high-resolution spatial and temporal data on aquifer protective hydrogeological layers. This study presents a transdisciplinary robust approach combining regional electrical resistivity surveys, hydrogeological data, physicochemical analyses, and geospatial datasets to identify regions prone to contamination and understand the impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors on groundwater resources. This approach involves three key steps: evaluating the geohydraulic nature of aquifer protective hydrogeological layers, mapping the aquifer vulnerability index (AVI), and conducting comparative analyses of potentially vulnerable areas with groundwater quality index (GWQI) and hydrological factors. Firstly, model-based inversion of ID Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) data provides insights into geoelectrical indices such as depth, thickness, apparent resistivity, longitudinal conductance, transverse resistance, and longitudinal resistivity of aquifer protective hydrogeological layers. Second, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model is used as a multilayer perceptron network to simulate hydraulic conductivity (K) using geoelectrical indices of aquifer protective hydrogeological layers. Subsequently, by considering ANN-derived K and VES-derived h of aquifer protective hydrogeological layers, the dynamic hydraulic resistance to the vertical flow of wastewater through the protective hydrogeological layers evaluated the index of the potentially vulnerable areas. Comparative analyses of potentially vulnerable areas with GWQI and hydrological factors (e.g., digital elevation model, soil, drainage density, lineament density, slope) enhance understanding regions prone to contaminants and land surface stress. Findings show that the ANN approach to simulate K, reducing effort with costs associated with slug testing is significant for AVI assessment. Furthermore, the geohydraulic characteristics, vulnerability indexing, and comparative analyses assist in identifying contamination-prone areas, improving groundwater resource protection and exploration activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101357"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dilemma of choosing appropriate groundwater recharge estimation methods in Ethiopia: A systematic review of the existing methods","authors":"Atsbha Brhane Gebru ,&nbsp;Tesfamichael Gebreyohannes ,&nbsp;Gebrerufael Hailu Kahsay ,&nbsp;Berhane Grum","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Knowledge of groundwater recharge is a prerequisite for sustainable management of water resources. However, in Ethiopia, recharge estimation methodology remains haphazard regarding selection and application of various methods. Therefore, the objective of this study is to review commonly applied groundwater recharge estimation methods in Ethiopia, identify and analyze the main challenges and limitations that affect the reliability of recharge estimates, and suggest insights for future research. For this purpose, a systematic literature review is conducted focusing on Ethiopia and similar regions. About 87.8% of the reviewed studies have applied only one recharge estimation method. The selection of recharge estimation methods is mainly dependent on the availability of data regardless of their appropriateness to the actual field conditions and the inherent limitations of the methods. Comparatively, the WetSpass, SWAT, water table fluctuation (WTF), and chloride mass balance (CMB) techniques are frequently applied methods in a decreasing order of 20, 18, 13, and 12% respectively. Insufficient areal coverage of rainfall data, inaccurate estimates of evapotranspiration, low performance to simulate peak stream flow data, inadequacy of soil and rainfall chloride data, and misappropriation of recharge estimation methods to the actual field conditions are the main challenges for the rise of uncertainty of these methods. In general, recharge studies that have applied various recharge estimation techniques in Ethiopia have one limitation in common – i.e., failure to provide sufficient verification of results. Hence, this study shows that recharge estimations in Ethiopia are less reliable so that recharge values cannot be trusted to make robust water resources development plans. Therefore, selection of recharge estimation methods should rely on prior identification of recharge mechanisms and appropriation of the method to actual field conditions. The verification process should be accompanied by adequate field data measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101358"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing sources of groundwater quality and health risks using graphical, multivariate, and index techniques from a part of Rajasthan, India","authors":"Sangeeta Choudhary ,&nbsp;N. Subba Rao ,&nbsp;Maya Chaudhary ,&nbsp;Rashmirekha Das","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101356","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Groundwater provides sustainable potable water in developing countries like India. However, contaminated groundwater directly affects human health. The United Nation policy is to provide clean water for all by 2030. Therefore, groundwater samples collected from a part of Rajasthan, India were analysed for chemical parameters to identify the sources of groundwater quality variation and associated health risks. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive approach of entropy water quality index (EWQI), Piper and Gibbs diagrams, ionic ratios (IR), synthetic pollution index (SPI), principal component analysis (PCA), and non-carcinogenic health risk (NHR) methods were used. EWQI revealed that groundwater quality is not fit for drinking in 81.86% of the area due to higher TDS, Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;Cl&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;SO&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;NO&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; contents, which was statistically significant by ANOVA test. Modified Piper's diagram identified Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; - &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;HCO&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; - &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;Cl&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;- &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;Cl&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, and Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; - &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;HCO&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; types in 36.67%, 22.73%, 13.64%, and 27.27% of groundwater samples, respectively. Gibbs diagrams illustrated that 59.09% and 40.81% of groundwater samples fell in the rock and evaporation domains, respectively. IR demonstrated that geogenic processes (mineral dissolution, ion exchange, and evaporation) and anthropogenic activities cause groundwater quality degradation. PCA indicated that PC1 has high loadings of TDS, Mg&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;, Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;Cl&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;SO&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, PC2 shows high loadings of pH and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, and PC3 represents high loadings of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;NO&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;HCO&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, which was further supported by &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt;-test analysis. SPI revealed that 99.82% of the study area is polluted. NHR values (0.03 to 1.68, 0.02 to 1.29, and 0.03 to 1.30 for children, women, and men, respectively) showed that long-term exposure to &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101356"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards sustainable development goals: Leveraging multi-data remote sensing fusion for monitoring groundwater-induced bedrock subsidence dynamics in Egypt's Nile Valley","authors":"Shaimaa M. El-Hadidy","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Egypt's Golden Triangle megaproject within Egypt's vision 2030, involving land reclamation in Qena Bend's densely populated governorate, develops sustainable land management strategies. Advanced technologies and low-cost remote sensing multi-data fusion are utilized to understand subsidence dynamics influenced by geologic structure, groundwater, climate change, and human activities in Egypt's Nile Valley. This approach identifies environmental hazards and provides a detailed explanation for groundwater-induced bedrock subsidence, aiding in informed decision-making and risk avoidance. Landsat images reveal 13% increased cultivation, 28.28% urban-growth, and decreased water by 8.46%, impacting groundwater resources and controlling the situation. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE) and Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) satellite observations reveal changes in water storage, impacting climate change, groundwater storage dynamics, and aquifer behavior. Historical data indicates a significant southwest-northeast gradient in precipitation from 5 to 60 mm. GLDAS shows soil moisture decline from 0.25 to 0.23 mm. GRACE (total water storage) depleting, then slightly increasing from 2020 to 2023 with an average value (−5 cm/yr). Groundwater storage increases in wet seasons, in 2015 showing (+3–4 mm), less than (+1 mm) in (2018), and (+6–8 mm) in (2020–2023). The NE-SW and NW-SE faults increase hydraulic connection and recharge from aquifers, causing groundwater circulation and karstification in Eocene limestone aquifers, posing risks to urban development and human safety. The InSAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) measures ground subsidence over time, revealing a range of (−0.04 to −0.07m) in the northwest to (+0.03m) in the southeast, with average subsidence (-4 cm), primarily associated with increased groundwater storage motivate the interaction between the carbonate and groundwater. The ArcGIS overlay model divides the region into three zones: northern, middle, and southern, each with varying degrees of displacement and groundwater storage. The findings emphasize the significance of remote sensing in hazard evaluation for development planning due to its cost-effectiveness and accuracy, applicable globally in hydrogeologically similar areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101353"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutting-edge approaches for judging surface water dynamics in semi-arid environments: Integrating landsat 8 OLI/TIRS and HYDROSAM model","authors":"Pradeep Kumar Badapalli ,&nbsp;Anusha Boya Nakkala ,&nbsp;Sakram Gugulothu ,&nbsp;Raghu Babu Kottala ,&nbsp;Shanthosh Senthamizhselvan","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research addresses the critical need to assess surface water dynamics in semi-arid regions of Andhra Pradesh, India, by using advanced Spectral Indices for hydrological applications and methodologies. It aims to answer how remote sensing data from Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS can be effectively used to monitor and classify surface water bodies. The study applies indices such as Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), Normalized Difference Thermal Index (NDTI), and Water Ratio Index (WRI). Additionally, the Weighted Composite Index (WCI) and Normalized Composite Index (NCI) are integrated with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for multi-criteria decision making. The HYDROSAM model successfully classifies and maps various categories of surface water bodies, including non-water features (53.62%), urban water zones (37.89%), seasonal water bodies (4.32%), transitional zones (2.17%), permanent water bodies (1.05%), and river bodies (0.95%). The resultant map was validated using the AUC-ROC curve, achieving an AUC of 0.820, indicating a high level of accuracy. This methodology provides a nuanced understanding of water resource distribution and availability in the region. The findings demonstrate the robustness and reliability of the HYDROSAM model in accurately assessing surface water characteristics, thereby providing critical insights for informed water resource management, strategic land-use planning, and effective ecological conservation. This innovative methodology not only fosters sustainable water resource management in semi-arid regions but also sets a precedent for advancing research in similar ecosystems globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101355"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogeophysical mapping of paleochannels for water security in Bhawanigarh Block, District Sangrur, Punjab, India","authors":"Amandeep Kaur ,&nbsp;Shailesh Bhatnagar ,&nbsp;Gopal Krishan ,&nbsp;Rakesh Rana","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paleochannels, ancient buried riverbeds, offer significant potential for groundwater management and contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those focused on clean water (SDG 6) and sustainable ecosystems (SDG 15). These channels, formed when rivers change course due to natural processes or human activities, become filled with loose, permeable sediments like sand and gravel, making them natural reservoirs capable of storing large volumes of groundwater. This characteristic makes paleochannels invaluable for enhancing water security in arid and semi-arid regions.</div><div>The present study, conducted in the Bhawanigarh block of Sangrur District, Punjab, focuses on mapping paleochannels for Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) using Electrical Resistivity Survey techniques. A total of 37 Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were performed with a Computerized Resistivity Meter, and the findings were validated using well-logging, exploration data, historical aerial photographs, and satellite imagery. Identifying and mapping these paleochannels enable targeted groundwater recharge efforts, enhancing the sustainable management of water resources.</div><div>By strategically utilizing paleochannels for artificial recharge, excess surface water can be directed into these hidden reservoirs, effectively replenishing groundwater supplies. This approach supports agricultural and drinking water needs and strengthens resilience against climate change impacts, aligning with SDG 13 (Climate Action). Moreover, the careful management of these ancient channels promotes the sustainable use of natural resources, contributing to the overall goals of environmental sustainability and water security outlined in the SDGs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101354"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater fluoride contamination, sources, hotspots, health hazards, and sustainable containment measures: A systematic review of the Ghanaian context","authors":"Emmanuel Daanoba Sunkari ,&nbsp;Abayneh Ataro Ambushe","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater quality is globally threatened by geogenic and human activities. These activities release high levels of potentially toxic elements, such as fluoride (F⁻), which pose significant threats to human health. This has become a global issue, especially in developing countries such as Ghana. Despite efforts to address this issue, knowledge gaps still need to be addressed to ensure safe and healthy drinking water for all Ghanaians. Moreover, Ghana has been reported to be a fluorosis-endemic country but the sources and exact hotspots of F⁻ enrichment in the aquifers on a countrywide scale are lacking in the available literature. Understanding the quality of water used for diverse purposes in Ghana is necessary to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals like good health and well-being (SDG 3) and clean water and sanitation (SDG 6), among others. Therefore, this study synthesized all previous studies on groundwater F⁻ contamination in Ghana, to identify the sources of F⁻ enrichment in groundwater, delineate the hotspots for fluorosis, assess the associated human health risks, identify the best sustainable defluoridation methods, and recommend policy intervention for high groundwater F⁻ threat to aquifers in Ghana. In the Ghanaian context, F⁻ contamination in groundwater is largely from geogenic sources like the weathering of fluoride-bearing rocks (granitoids and carbonate sedimentary lithologies) from the Birimian and Voltaian Supergroups and the dissolution of fluoride-rich minerals (fluorapatite, amphiboles, fluorite, biotite, and muscovite). Hotspots for high groundwater F⁻ in Ghana are mainly restricted to the Upper East Region (0.10–5.00 mg/L), North East Region (0.01–13.29 mg/L), Northern Region (0.1–11.6 mg/L), and the White Volta River Basin (0.04–3.79 mg/L). The mean and maximum values of F⁻ in these hotspots exceed the maximum permissible level (1.5 mg/L) set by the World Health Organization and Ghana Standards Authority. Most people in these areas suffer from dental fluorosis. Therefore, affordable and sustainable defluoridation technologies as well as community-based initiatives are recommended to deal with this menace.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101352"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater quality assessment for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Ayad river basin, Udaipur (India)","authors":"Kuldeep Pareta ,&nbsp;Sachin Karan ,&nbsp;Trine Enemark ,&nbsp;Tirumaleswara Reddy ,&nbsp;Yogita Dashora ,&nbsp;Tanya Issar ,&nbsp;Karsten H. Jensen","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Globally, about 5.25 billion people depend on groundwater for their water needs. However, groundwater quality significantly impacts human health and agriculture, influenced by factors such as land use, waste seepage, soil properties, and geological settings. In Rajasthan, the primary groundwater quality issues involve fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and calcium. This study addresses the gap in the understanding of the spatial and temporal variations of these contaminants and how the variations are linked to geology and land use. The basis for the analysis is data spanning 2000 to 2021from the Ground Water Department (GWD), the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB), and citizen science data from 2022 to 2023, focusing on the Ayad River Basin. The research aims to evaluate groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation by assessing physico-chemical parameters and using the Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI) method to calculate the Groundwater Quality Index (GWQI) from 2000 to 2023. The findings suggest a decreasing GWQI trend from west to east in the basin, with good groundwater quality (GWQI below 50) in the southern regions near the cities Umarda, Ramgiri, Undri, and Hariyab. The highest index values were near Bhoyana, Khemli, and Sisarma. The results of the salinity hazard test showed that salinity is a major issue in the eastern part of the basin. Though the groundwater is notably hard, a comprehensive analysis of various parameters nevertheless suggested its suitability for irrigation purposes. These results provide new insights in the quality of the groundwater resources in the Ayad River basin and valuable insights for policymakers and for decision-makers to develop strategies to preserve the groundwater quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101351"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}