Seasonal variability of arsenic concentrations in irrigation water and its impact on arsenic accumulation in agriculture soils: A study from Bengal Delta

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI:10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101415

Sandip Kumar Mohakud, Syed Hilal Farooq

{"title":"Seasonal variability of arsenic concentrations in irrigation water and its impact on arsenic accumulation in agriculture soils: A study from Bengal Delta","authors":"Sandip Kumar Mohakud, Syed Hilal Farooq","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101415","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arsenic (As) is a highly toxic geogenic contaminant present in groundwater globally. The Bengal Delta (jointly Bangladesh and West Bengal, India) is considered as one of the worst As affected areas. The present study investigates (i) the extent of As contamination in the irrigation wells, (ii) its seasonal variability, and (iii) understanding the As accumulation in agriculture soils in the Bengal Delta. For this purpose, 68 irrigation wells (34 shallow and 34 deep) were sampled during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, and thus, a total of 204 water samples were collected. Additionally, top-soil samples (15 cm) and paddy plant (grain, leaf and stem) samples were collected from 6 paddy-cultivating agricultural fields and analysed for As concentrations. The samples were analysed for various physicochemical parameters, major ions and trace elements, including As and iron. Two-way ANOVA test suggests that significant variation in As concentration only across seasons and the As concentration ranges from <1 μg/L to 197 μg/L. This highlights the role of seasonal redox conditions in mobilizing As from sediments into the groundwater. In the Piper plot, both the deep and shallow groundwater falls in Ca-HCO<sub>3</sub> type and do not show any significant seasonal variation in hydrochemical facies. Further, silicate and carbonate weathering have been identified as major contributors to groundwater solute composition.</div><div>The As concentrations in the irrigation water and in different parts of the paddy plant were utilized for As budgeting in the agricultural soils for the last 50 years. The calculated (21.48 mg/kg) As values in soils closely align with the measured values (21.29 mg/kg) indicating a gradual build-up of As in the agricultural system through irrigation water over the last 50 years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101415"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352801X25000128","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Arsenic (As) is a highly toxic geogenic contaminant present in groundwater globally. The Bengal Delta (jointly Bangladesh and West Bengal, India) is considered as one of the worst As affected areas. The present study investigates (i) the extent of As contamination in the irrigation wells, (ii) its seasonal variability, and (iii) understanding the As accumulation in agriculture soils in the Bengal Delta. For this purpose, 68 irrigation wells (34 shallow and 34 deep) were sampled during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, and thus, a total of 204 water samples were collected. Additionally, top-soil samples (15 cm) and paddy plant (grain, leaf and stem) samples were collected from 6 paddy-cultivating agricultural fields and analysed for As concentrations. The samples were analysed for various physicochemical parameters, major ions and trace elements, including As and iron. Two-way ANOVA test suggests that significant variation in As concentration only across seasons and the As concentration ranges from <1 μg/L to 197 μg/L. This highlights the role of seasonal redox conditions in mobilizing As from sediments into the groundwater. In the Piper plot, both the deep and shallow groundwater falls in Ca-HCO₃ type and do not show any significant seasonal variation in hydrochemical facies. Further, silicate and carbonate weathering have been identified as major contributors to groundwater solute composition.

The As concentrations in the irrigation water and in different parts of the paddy plant were utilized for As budgeting in the agricultural soils for the last 50 years. The calculated (21.48 mg/kg) As values in soils closely align with the measured values (21.29 mg/kg) indicating a gradual build-up of As in the agricultural system through irrigation water over the last 50 years.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

灌溉水中砷浓度的季节变化及其对农业土壤中砷积累的影响：来自孟加拉三角洲的研究

砷（As）是全球地下水中存在的一种剧毒的地质污染物。孟加拉三角洲（孟加拉国和印度西孟加拉邦的交界处）被认为是受影响最严重的地区之一。本研究调查了(i)灌溉井中砷污染的程度，（ii）其季节性变化，以及（iii）了解孟加拉三角洲农业土壤中的砷积累。为此，在季风前、季风和季风后季节对68口灌溉井（34口浅井和34口深井）进行了采样，总共收集了204个水样。此外，还收集了6块稻田表层土壤样品（15 cm）和水稻植株（籽粒、叶片和茎）样品，分析了砷浓度。分析了样品的各种物理化学参数，主要离子和微量元素，包括As和铁。双因素方差分析表明，As浓度仅在季节间存在显著差异，浓度范围为1 ~ 197 μg/L。这突出了季节性氧化还原条件在将砷从沉积物转移到地下水中的作用。在Piper地块，深层和浅层地下水均为Ca-HCO3型，水化学相没有明显的季节变化。此外，硅酸盐和碳酸盐风化已被确定为地下水溶质组成的主要贡献者。近50年来，利用灌溉水和水稻植株不同部位的砷浓度对农业土壤进行了砷预算。土壤中砷的计算值（21.48 mg/kg）与测量值（21.29 mg/kg）密切一致，表明在过去50年里，通过灌溉水源，砷在农业系统中逐渐积累。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Groundwater for Sustainable Development Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development

CiteScore

11.50

自引率

10.20%

发文量

152

期刊介绍： Groundwater for Sustainable Development is directed to different stakeholders and professionals, including government and non-governmental organizations, international funding agencies, universities, public water institutions, public health and other public/private sector professionals, and other relevant institutions. It is aimed at professionals, academics and students in the fields of disciplines such as: groundwater and its connection to surface hydrology and environment, soil sciences, engineering, ecology, microbiology, atmospheric sciences, analytical chemistry, hydro-engineering, water technology, environmental ethics, economics, public health, policy, as well as social sciences, legal disciplines, or any other area connected with water issues. The objectives of this journal are to facilitate: • The improvement of effective and sustainable management of water resources across the globe. • The improvement of human access to groundwater resources in adequate quantity and good quality. • The meeting of the increasing demand for drinking and irrigation water needed for food security to contribute to a social and economically sound human development. • The creation of a global inter- and multidisciplinary platform and forum to improve our understanding of groundwater resources and to advocate their effective and sustainable management and protection against contamination. • Interdisciplinary information exchange and to stimulate scientific research in the fields of groundwater related sciences and social and health sciences required to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals for sustainable development.