The groundwater age of the Argentine aquifers: A review and paleoclimate insight

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101402

Daniel E. Martínez , Orlando M. Quiroz-Londoño , Alejandro D. Basaldua , Melisa Glok-Galli , Ximena Solana , Emiliano F. Alcaraz , Leandro Bertolin

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Abstract

Argentina is a large country in South America, spans from the tropical latitude S 26°15′ to the subpolar latitude S 53°38’, and longitudinally from the Atlantic coast to the Andes range in the West. Such extensive geographical coverage includes diverse climatic and geological conditions, fostering a multitude of aquifers with varying hydrogeological attributes. Groundwater dating is an underdeveloped discipline in Argentina, but several studies have been conducted. These studies are delineated across various aquifer typologies, namely: 1) Sedimentary aquifers in Eastern Patagonia, 2) Alluvial aquifers in the middle Andes area; 3) Shallow aquifers in the Pampa region; 4) Confined intermediate aquifers in the Pampa region; 5) Fractured aquifer in crystalline rocks; 6) the confined sandstones of the Guaraní aquifer; 7) Deep confined aquifers in the Pampa region.

Most of the studies are based in the classical tracers, ³H and ¹⁴C, with only a few employing other traces such as CFCs, ⁴He and ⁸¹Kr. In almost all the studies only an apparent age (piston flow model) is provided. Only two papers include the analysis of the residence time distribution. Considering the apparent ages, groundwater ranges from young in shallow unconfined aquifers, or fractured aquifers in crystalline rocks, to very old groundwater with an age of 1.2 Ma in the deep thermal aquifers. Groundwater which radiocarbon age corresponds to the Upper Pleistocene period, exhibits a depleted isotopic composition that correlates with colder temperatures in a sequence of glacial periods.

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阿根廷含水层的地下水时代：回顾和古气候见解

阿根廷是南美洲的一个大国，从热带纬度南纬26°15′到亚极纬度南纬53°38′，从大西洋海岸到西部的安第斯山脉。如此广泛的地理覆盖范围包括不同的气候和地质条件，形成了具有不同水文地质属性的众多含水层。在阿根廷，地下水测年是一门不发达的学科，但已经进行了几项研究。这些研究跨越了不同的含水层类型，即：1)东巴塔哥尼亚的沉积含水层，2)安第斯山脉中部地区的冲积含水层；3) Pampa地区浅层含水层；4)潘帕地区承压中层含水层；5)结晶岩裂隙含水层；6) Guaraní含水层承压砂岩；潘帕地区深部承压含水层。大多数研究都是基于经典的示踪剂，3H和14C，只有少数使用其他示踪剂，如CFCs， 4He和81Kr。在几乎所有的研究中，只提供了一个表观年龄（活塞流动模型）。只有两篇论文对停留时间分布进行了分析。考虑到地表年龄，地下水的范围从浅层无承压含水层或结晶岩裂缝含水层中的年轻地下水到深部热含水层中年龄为1.2 Ma的非常古老的地下水。地下水的放射性碳年龄对应于上更新世时期，显示出与冰期序列中较冷的温度相关的耗尽同位素组成。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Groundwater for Sustainable Development Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development

CiteScore

11.50

自引率

10.20%

发文量

152

期刊介绍： Groundwater for Sustainable Development is directed to different stakeholders and professionals, including government and non-governmental organizations, international funding agencies, universities, public water institutions, public health and other public/private sector professionals, and other relevant institutions. It is aimed at professionals, academics and students in the fields of disciplines such as: groundwater and its connection to surface hydrology and environment, soil sciences, engineering, ecology, microbiology, atmospheric sciences, analytical chemistry, hydro-engineering, water technology, environmental ethics, economics, public health, policy, as well as social sciences, legal disciplines, or any other area connected with water issues. The objectives of this journal are to facilitate: • The improvement of effective and sustainable management of water resources across the globe. • The improvement of human access to groundwater resources in adequate quantity and good quality. • The meeting of the increasing demand for drinking and irrigation water needed for food security to contribute to a social and economically sound human development. • The creation of a global inter- and multidisciplinary platform and forum to improve our understanding of groundwater resources and to advocate their effective and sustainable management and protection against contamination. • Interdisciplinary information exchange and to stimulate scientific research in the fields of groundwater related sciences and social and health sciences required to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals for sustainable development.