Parasite Epidemiology and Control最新文献

{"title":"Study on distribution of Ixodid ticks of cattle in Bedele District, South Western Ethiopia","authors":"Geremew Haile Lemu ,&nbsp;Samuel Milki Kibi ,&nbsp;Isayas Asefa Kebede ,&nbsp;Haben Fesseha Gebremeskel","doi":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Ticks cause substantial losses in cattle production, in terms of diseases, and reduced productivity, and are economically the most important ectoparasites of cattle.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-section study was conducted from January 2022 to August 2022 in the Bedele district to identify genera and species of Ixodid ticks infesting cattle and determine the prevalence concerning host-related factors. Adult ixodid ticks were collected from 384 randomly selected cattle by using forceps and preserved in separate collecting bottles with 70% ethyl alcohol. The collected ticks were identified under stereomicroscope into species based on their morphology.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of the 384 cattle examined, 276 (71.9%) were found with being infested by one or more tick species. A total of 3192 ticks were collected and identified. Three genera; namely <em>Amblyomma</em>, <em>Boophilus</em> and <em>Rhipicephalus,</em> and four species <em>(Amb</em>. <em>cohaerence, Boophilus decoloratus, Amb</em>. <em>variegatem,</em> and <em>Rhip. evertsi evertsi)</em> were identified with a prevalence rate of 44.8%, 26.8%, 14.1%, and 14% respectively. The respective prevalence for assessed risk factors was: 71.32%, 68.75%, 74.72%, 72.72%, 82.02%, 68.81%, 72.97%, 69.19%, 75.25%, 72.25%, 71.34%, 72.93%, 67.65%, 75.00% Bedele Town, Haro, Ilike Kararo, Obolo Bachara, Cross Breed, Local Breed, Young, Adult, Old, Male, Female, Poor, Medium, and Good, respectively. Only the association between the breed of cattle is statistically significant in terms of the prevalence of ticks (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), and others risk factors (Kebele, age, sex, and body condition) were statistically insignificant (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). Tick species were highly distributed on the udder part with a prevalence of (26.3%) and least in the vulva body region of the cattle (2.3%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The present study indicated there is a high prevalence of ixodid tick infestation, especially in local cattle breeds, adults, males, poor body condition, and Bedele town. In line with this, further studies on factors affecting tick burden and tick control strategies are recommended.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37873,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Epidemiology and Control","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article e00309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fb/c8/main.PMC10245335.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9608615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasmodium falciparum infection and naturally acquired immunity to malaria antigens among Ghanaian children in northern Ghana","authors":"Zakaria Seidu ,&nbsp;Helena Lamptey ,&nbsp;Mary Lopez-Perez ,&nbsp;Nora Owusuwaa Whittle ,&nbsp;Stephen Kwesi Oppong ,&nbsp;Eric Kyei-Baafour ,&nbsp;Abigail Naa Adjorkor Pobee ,&nbsp;George Obeng Adjei ,&nbsp;Lars Hviid ,&nbsp;Michael F. Ofori","doi":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The surge in malaria cases and deaths in recent years, particularly in Africa, despite the widespread implementation of malaria-control measures could be due to inefficiencies in malaria control and prevention measures in malaria-endemic communities. In this context, this study provides the malaria situation report among children in three Municipalities in Northern Ghana, where Seasonal Malaria Chemotherapy (SMC) is implemented by Ghana Health Service (GHS).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional household survey was carried out to assess the malaria knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and malaria prevalence in 394 households in 13 rural communities in the Kumbugu, Nanton and Tolon Municipalities, Northern Region, Ghana. This was followed by screening for <em>P. falciparum</em> infection with anti-HRP2 RDT and PCR among children 1–17 years in the households. Plasma levels of IgG specific for crude <em>P. falciparum</em> antigen (3D7) and four recombinant malaria antigens (CSP, GLURP, MSP3, and Pfs230) were assessed by ELISA. The malaria and parasitaemia data were converted into frequency and subgroup proportions and disaggregated by study sites and demographic information of the participants. The ELISA data was converted to arbitrary units (AU) and similarly compared across study sites and demographic information.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The <em>P. falciparum</em> infection rate and frequency of malaria were high in the study areas with significant age-dependent and inter-community differences, which were reflected by differences in plasma levels of <em>P. falciparum</em>-specific IgG. Over 60% of households reported the use of bed nets and indoor insecticide sprays/coils, and 14% mentioned bush clearing around homes (14%) as malaria preventive measures. Community health centres were the preferred place for households (88%) to seek malaria treatment but over-the-counter drug stores were the major source (66%) of their antimalarials. Overall, malaria preventive and treatment practices were sub-optimal.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><em>P. falciparum</em> infection and malaria are still high in the studied communities, indicating that preventive and control measures against the disease in the region remain inadequate. Efforts to ensure high SMC compliance and to improve preventative and treatment practices thus seem cost-beneficial “low-hanging fruits” in the fight against malaria in the Northern Region of Ghana.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37873,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Epidemiology and Control","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article e00317"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49856679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aggregation of Taenia solium cysticerci in pigs: Implications for transmission and control","authors":"Mwemezi L. Kabululu ,&nbsp;Maria V. Johansen ,&nbsp;Marshall Lightowlers ,&nbsp;Chiara Trevisan ,&nbsp;Uffe C. Braae ,&nbsp;Helena A. Ngowi","doi":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Parasite aggregation within hosts is a fundamental feature of parasite distributions, whereby the majority of parasites are harboured by a minority of hosts. Parasite aggregation can influence their transmission and hence control. In this narrative review, possible sources of aggregation of <em>Taenia solium</em> cysticerci in pigs are discussed, along with implications for control of the parasite. While heavy <em>T. solium</em> infections in pigs could most likely be associated with ingestion of high doses of infective parasite eggs, consistent with coprophagic behaviour of pigs, lighter infections indicate a role of indirect routes of transmission to pigs, mostly from lower infection doses. Light infections are likely to be missed by commonly used diagnostic methods - tongue examination or meat inspection - and end up in the food chain. Hence, they entail a ‘hidden’ risk and are of a particular public health concern, especially in areas where meat is consumed raw or undercooked. To be effective and sustainable, control strategies against <em>T. solium</em> likely require a broader understanding of, and consideration for parasite transmission dynamics. More importantly, a holistic One Health approach incorporating interventions on humans, pigs and the environment will likely have a larger, more successful and sustainable impact.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37873,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Epidemiology and Control","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article e00307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49856676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies and associated risk factors among pregnant women consulted in three health centers in Dschang, Cameroon","authors":"Noumedem Anangmo Christelle Nadia ,&nbsp;Lemogo Giresse Nino ,&nbsp;Yamssi Cédric ,&nbsp;Simeni Njonnou Sylvain Raoul ,&nbsp;Ngongang Ouankou Christian ,&nbsp;Djeussi Doriane Esther ,&nbsp;Noumedem Kenfack Jaures Arnaud ,&nbsp;Nenba Daga Aimé ,&nbsp;Kamga Fouamno Henri Lucien","doi":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by <em>Toxoplasma gondii,</em> an obligate intracellular protozoan responsible for one of the most common congenital infections in the world. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with toxoplasmosis in pregnant women consulted in three health centers in the city of Dschang.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study was a cross-sectional study that was conducted, with a total of 242 participants. A questionnaire was administered after obtaining the free and informed consent of the participants. Blood sample was collected to assay IgG and IgM antibodies specific to <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, and potential risk factors were evaluated with the administration questionnaire using a binary logistic regression model. Statistical significance was measured at <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The overall seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was 82.7%,with a seroprevalence of toxoplasma IgG of 62.8% (152), that of IgM at 11.6% (28) and that of IgG/IgM at 8.3% (20). The Saint Vincent Paul Hospital had a seroprevalence of 43.8% IgG and 8.7% IgM; followed by the Dschang District Hospital (11.6% IgG and 2.1% IgM). The seroprevalence of toxoplasma IgG (35.5%) and IgM (6.2%) was higher in multiparous pregnant women, and in the group of women who performed their first toxoplasmosis serology in the first trimester of pregnancy, 70 (28.9%), 9 (3.7%) respectively for IgG and IgM. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the possession of a cat at home or its presence in the neighborhood, the consumption of undercooked or uncooked meat and having a history of blood transfusion were found to be statistically significant risk factors associated with toxoplasmosis seroprevalence among pregnant women.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The present study revealed a high seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis. Given this high seroprevalence, screening for toxoplasmosis in women of childbearing age should be encouraged.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37873,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Epidemiology and Control","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article e00306"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49856715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence-based indications for ivermectin in parasitic diseases: An integrated approach to context and challenges in Peru","authors":"Virgilio E. Failoc-Rojas ,&nbsp;Heber Silva-Díaz ,&nbsp;Jorge L. Maguiña ,&nbsp;Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales ,&nbsp;Cristian Díaz-Velez ,&nbsp;Moises Apolaya-Segura ,&nbsp;Mario J. Valladares-Garrido","doi":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ivermectin has emerged as a therapeutic option for various parasitic diseases, including strongyloidiasis, scabies, lice infestations, gnathostomiasis, and myiasis. This study comprehensively reviews the evidence-based indications for ivermectin in treating parasitic diseases, considering the unique context and challenges in Peru. Fourteen studies were selected from a systematic search of scientific evidence on ivermectin in PubMed, from 2010 to July 2022. The optimal dosage of ivermectin for treating onchocerciasis, strongyloidiasis, and enterobiasis ranges from 150 to 200 μg/kg, while lymphatic filariasis requires a higher dose of 400 μg/kg (Brown et al., 2000). However, increased dosages have been associated with a higher incidence of ocular adverse events. Scientific evidence shows that ivermectin can be safely and effectively administered to children weighing less than 15 kg. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses provide strong support for the efficacy and safety of ivermectin in combating parasitic infections. Ivermectin has proven to be an effective treatment for various parasitic diseases, including intestinal parasites, ectoparasites, filariasis, and onchocerciasis. Dosages ranging from 200 μg/kg to 400 μg/kg are generally safe, with adjustments made according to the specific pathology, patient age, and weight/height. Given Peru's prevailing social and environmental conditions, the high burden of intestinal parasites and ectoparasites in the country underscores the importance of ivermectin in addressing these health challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37873,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Epidemiology and Control","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article e00320"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/37/97/main.PMC10507222.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41165176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parasitological assessment of some fruits and vegetables commonly sold in retail outlets in the Mfoundi Division of Cameroon","authors":"Kame-Ngasse Ginette Irma ,&nbsp;Ebogo-Belobo Jean Thierry ,&nbsp;Kamwa-Ngassam Isaka ,&nbsp;Watat Stella Vanelle ,&nbsp;Atembeh-Noura Efietngab ,&nbsp;Tchinda-Tiecheu Emilie ,&nbsp;Tsafack Judith ,&nbsp;Nkengazong Lucia","doi":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Fruits and vegetables are very important for human diet as they provide all the nutrients needed to be healthy with just a daily-recommended intake of 400 to 600 mg. However, they constitute one of the major sources of human infectious agents. Thus monitoring of the microbial contaminants of the fruits and vegetables is very crucial for human safety.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A cross sectional study was conducted on fruits and vegetables in four markets (Mfoundi, Mokolo, Huitième and Acacia) of the Yaoundé city from October 2020 to March 2021. In all, 528 samples were purchased (carrots, cucumbers, cabbages, lettuces, leeks, green beans, okra, celeries, pepper, green peppers and tomatoes) and processed for infective agents using the centrifugation methods (Formalin, distilled and saline water). Seventy-four (74) soil/water samples collected from the sale environment were analysed using the same technics.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, 149/528 (28.21%) were contaminated by at least one infective agent: 130 (24.62%) and 19 (3.6%) having one and two pathogen species respectively. Vegetables had high contamination rate (22.34%) than fruits (5.87%). Lettuce (52.08%), carrot (41.66%) and cabbage (35.41%), were the most contaminated while okra was the least (6.25%). <em>Candida</em> spp. (14.01%) and larva of <em>Strongyloides stercoralis</em> (7.76%) were more observed while Hookworms (1.13%) was the least. Frequency of <em>Strongyloides stercoralis</em> (<em>p</em> = 0.001) and <em>Candida</em> spp. (<em>p</em> = 0.01) were statistically high than other pathogens. Contamination rates were similar for washed (27.65%) and unwashed (28.78%) samples before sale. <em>Candida</em> spp. (p = 0.001), <em>Strongyloides stercoralis</em> (p = 0.01) and <em>Entamoeba histolytica/dispar</em> (<em>p</em> = 0.017) showed significant contamination rates by month. Contamination trends were high in the rainy season (42.6%) than the dry season (15.1%). Correlation between environment and products sold revealed same pathogens in both cases.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study highlights that the sale environment and products constitute potential source of microbial contamination. These data raised the concern of stakeholders about health risk related to vegetables and fruits sold in some local markets in Cameroon. Thus the necessity for them to development more appropriate policies on the surveillance of sale environment and on the management of these products during the different process phases by the population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37873,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Epidemiology and Control","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article e00313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e6/99/main.PMC10320589.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10164605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of schistosomiasis in the town of Manjo, littoral - Region,Cameroon","authors":"Yamssi Cedric ,&nbsp;Gamago Nkadeu Guy-Armand ,&nbsp;Noumedem Anangmo Christelle Nadia ,&nbsp;Tako Djimefo Alex Kevin ,&nbsp;Vincent Khan Payne","doi":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Schistosomiasis is endemic in Cameroon and continues to cause serious public health problems, especially among populations in rural areas. This study aimed at determining the prevalence and risk factors of urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis in Manjo.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Manjo in 2020. Stool and urine samples were collected from 400 participants. These stool and urine samples were examined by the Kato Katz, and centrifugation methods respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results obtained showed an overall prevalence of 6.25%, with 5% and 1.25% for <em>S. mansoni</em> and <em>S. haematobium</em> respectively. A significant difference (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) was revealed among occupations, age groups, neighborhood, water usage, educational level, knowledge of the disease meanwhile no significant difference was observed between gender and occupation according to prevalence. The most infected ages were] 50-; + [and]20–35] with 13.36% and 11.86% respectively. <em>S. haematobium</em> revealed a low infection intensity while <em>S. mansoni</em> showed moderate infection intensity. The mean parasite load for <em>S. haematobium</em> was 6 ± 3.225 Eggs/10 ml in females and 7 ± 4.243 Eggs/10 ml for males; while the mean parasitic load in <em>S. mansoni</em> was 180 ± 142.441 Epg in females and 146.67 ± 82.286 Epg in males.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Manjo can be classified as a low endemic area with a prevalence rate of 6.25% and species observed were <em>S. haematobium</em> and <em>S. mansoni</em>. Also, risk factors where observed including the use of water from the river for domestic purposes. Therefore, the intensification of health education campaigns among the population would delay the development of this disease in the locality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37873,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Epidemiology and Control","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article e00319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10416010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10352065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating intestinal parasitic infections with emphasis on molecular identification of Strongyloides stercoralis and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in north of Iran","authors":"Fatemeh Hajizadeh ,&nbsp;Tahereh Mikaeili Galeh ,&nbsp;Seyed Abdollah Hosseini ,&nbsp;Seyyed Ali Shariatzadeh ,&nbsp;Akram Hematizadeh ,&nbsp;Javad Javidnia ,&nbsp;Mitra Sadeghi ,&nbsp;Mahdi Fakhar ,&nbsp;Shirzad Gholami","doi":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Currently, parasitic infections are one of the important health problems in the world, especially in developing countries. This study aims to investigate intestinal parasites with an emphasis on molecular identification through the analysis of mitochondrial <em>COX1</em> and <em>ITS2</em> gene sequences of <em>Strongyloides stercoralis</em> (<em>S. stercoralis</em>) and <em>Trichostrongylus</em> spp. in north of Iran. Five hundred forty stool samples were collected from medical diagnostic laboratories affiliated with Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in Sari city, north of Iran. First, all the samples were examined using direct smear, formalin-ether sedimentation, and trichrome staining technique. Suspected samples of <em>Strongyloides</em> larvae were cultured in agar plate. Then, DNA was extracted from samples containing <em>Trichostrongylus</em> spp. eggs and <em>Strongyloides</em> larvae. To amplify DNA, PCR was performed and the samples with a sharp band in electrophoresis were sequenced by Sanger method. Overall, the prevalence of parasitic infections in the study population was 5.4%. The highest and the lowest level of infection was observed with <em>Trichostrongylus</em> spp. and <em>S. stercoralis</em> at 3% and 0.2%, respectively. No traces of live <em>Strongyloides</em> larvae were seen in the culture medium of the agar plate. The six isolates obtained from the amplification of the <em>ITS2</em> gene of <em>Trichostrongylus</em> spp. were sequenced, all of which were <em>Trichostrongylus colubriformis</em>. The sequencing results of <em>COX1</em> gene indicated <em>S. stercoralis</em>. In the present study, the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in north of Iran has relatively decreased that its main reason can be due to the coronavirus epidemic and compliance with health principles. However, the prevalence of <em>Trichostrongylus</em> parasite was relatively high that it requires special attention to apply appropriate control and treatment strategies in this field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37873,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Epidemiology and Control","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article e00312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49856717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of porcine cysticercosis in traditional farms in South-Eastern Côte d'Ivoire","authors":"Kouassi Eugene Koffi ,&nbsp;Man-Koumba Soumahoro ,&nbsp;Kouadio Borel N'Dri ,&nbsp;Mireille Nowakowski ,&nbsp;Cataud Marius Guédé ,&nbsp;O. Marcel Boka ,&nbsp;Jihen Melki ,&nbsp;Offianan André Touré ,&nbsp;Joseph Djaman ,&nbsp;Jacques Bellalou ,&nbsp;K. Eliezer N'Goran ,&nbsp;Ronan Jambou","doi":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Porcine cysticercosis is an endemic parasitic zoonosis in many developing countries. The objective of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of porcine cysticercosis in traditional pig farms in the departments of Dabou, Aboisso and Agboville.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Blood samples were taken from pigs and analyzed by ELISA (IgG) and western blot. Data on farming practices and pig characteristics were collected. Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to identify risk factors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 668 pigs were sampled from 116 farms and 639 samples were analyzed. The seroprevalence of cysticercosis was estimated at 13.2%. Overweight [OR = 2.6; 95%CI (1.3–4.9)] and fat pigs [OR = 2.3; 95%CI (1.0–4.8)] were twice as likely to be seropositive for cysticercosis. This risk was increased in farms using well water for drinking [OR = 2.5; 95%CI (1.0–6.3)] as well as those reporting veterinary care of the animals (OR = 2.9; 95%CI (1.2–7.3)).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study demonstrated the circulation of <em>Taenia solium</em> in pig farms in southern Côte d'Ivoire.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37873,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Epidemiology and Control","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article e00311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/2f/main.PMC10285562.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9707632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and genotyping of Acanthamoeba spp. in the water resources of western Iran","authors":"Azadeh Karimi ,&nbsp;Farnaz Kheirandish ,&nbsp;Amirreza Javadi Mamaghani ,&nbsp;Niloofar Taghipour ,&nbsp;Syedeh Fatemeh Mousavi ,&nbsp;Ali Aghajani ,&nbsp;Nozhat Zebardast ,&nbsp;Majid Faraji ,&nbsp;Shirzad Fallahi Professor in Medical Parasitology","doi":"10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><em>Acanthamoeba</em> spp. is opportunistic amoeba that resides in water, soil, and air. Some pathogenic genotypes of the genus of <em>Acanthamoeba</em> can cause granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) in people with a defective immune system. The parasite can also cause <em>Acanthamoeba</em> keratitis (AK) among contact lens users. This study was conducted to isolate and identify the <em>Acanthamoeba</em> genotypes in water resources in Lorestan province, western Iran.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Collected 72 water samples from surface and groundwater (springs and aqueducts) in Lorestan province. Samples were filtered and cultured in non-nutrient 1.5% agar medium covered with <em>Escherichia coli (E. coli)</em> at 25 °C. DNA extraction was done and the PCR reaction was performed to detect the <em>Acanthamoeba</em> spp. The positive PCR products were sequenced to determine the genotypes of <em>Acanthamoeba.</em></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of 72 examined water samples, 23.61% were positive for <em>Acanthamoeba</em> sp. by PCR. From PCR-positive samples, 8 (47.05%) samples were T4 genotypes and others were other <em>Acanthamoeba</em> genotypes (T1-T23). Therefore, approximately half of the genotypes belong to the pathogenic T4 genotype.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The water examined samples in western provinces of Iran have the potential risk factor for public health. Therefore, the efforts of healthcare providers are needed to identify, train, and prevention from human infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37873,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Epidemiology and Control","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article e00308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49856716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}