Crime Science最新文献_第7页

Illegal fishing and compliance management in marine protected areas: a situational approach 海洋保护区的非法捕鱼与合规管理:一种情境方法

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-05-17 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00145-w

Damian Weekers, Gohar Petrossian, Lauric Thiault

{"title":"Illegal fishing and compliance management in marine protected areas: a situational approach","authors":"Damian Weekers, Gohar Petrossian, Lauric Thiault","doi":"10.1186/s40163-021-00145-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-021-00145-w","url":null,"abstract":"Protected Areas (PAs) are spatially representative management tools that impose various levels of protection for conservation purposes. As spatially regulated places, ensuring compliance with the rules represents a key element of effective management and positive conservation outcomes. Wildlife crime, and in particular poaching, is a serious global problem that undermines the success of PAs. This study applies a socio-ecological approach to understanding the opportunity structure of illegal recreational fishing (poaching) in no-take zones in Australia’s Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. We use Boosted Regression Trees to predict the spatio-temporal distribution of poaching risk within no-take Marine National Park zones. The results show that five risk factors account for nearly three quarters (73.6%) of the relative importance for poaching in no-take zones and that temporally varying conditions influence risk across space. We discuss these findings through the theoretical lens of Environmental Criminology and suggest that law enforcement strategies focus on reducing the negative outcomes associated with poaching by limiting the opportunity of would-be offenders to undertake illegal activity.","PeriodicalId":37844,"journal":{"name":"Crime Science","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138531296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Retraction Note to: Do offenders avoid offending near home? A systematic review of the buffer zone hypothesis 撤回注:违法者是否避免在家附近犯案?对缓冲地带假说的系统回顾

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-04-28 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00143-y

Wim Bernasco, Remco van Dijke

引用次数: 0

Going dark? Analysing the impact of end-to-end encryption on the outcome of Dutch criminal court cases 黑暗吗?分析端到端加密对荷兰刑事法庭案件结果的影响

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-04-13 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-023-00185-4

P. Hartel, R. van Wegberg

引用次数: 3

The effect of GPS refresh rate on measuring police patrol in micro-places GPS刷新率对微场所警务巡逻测量的影响

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00140-1

Oliver K. Hutt, Kate Bowers, Shane D. Johnson

引用次数: 1

Right place, right time? Making crime pattern theory time-specific 正确的地点，正确的时间?使犯罪模式理论具有时效性

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-01-29 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00139-8

Sabine E. M. van Sleeuwen, S. Ruiter, W. Steenbeek

引用次数: 10

Systematic review of situational prevention methods for crime against species 系统审查针对物种犯罪的情景预防方法

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-01-06 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-020-00138-1

Dorothea Delpech, Herve Borrion, Shane Johnson

{"title":"Systematic review of situational prevention methods for crime against species","authors":"Dorothea Delpech, Herve Borrion, Shane Johnson","doi":"10.1186/s40163-020-00138-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-020-00138-1","url":null,"abstract":"Illegal activities concerning terrestrial species (TS) are responsible for a variety of health, environmental, economic and security issues. The majority of academic research associated with species relates to conservation, with few publications specifically investigating the scale of crimes impacting species or how they can be prevented. This article systematically reviews the available evidence about what works to prevent crime against terrestrial species. Of over 29,000 documents that were returned in the first stage of the review, these were filtered to just over 100. The remaining documents were partially or fully read to identify the most relevant documents to include in the final qualitative synthesis. The review results show there is a significant lack of primary research in this area, as only five articles were found that met the study inclusion criteria. The identified articles focus on the effects of two types of situational crime prevention interventions: community outreach and ranger patrol frequency. Community outreach was shown to have a significant impact on local poaching levels, while for patrolling the evidence suggests a positive impact on the discovery of poachers, animal carcasses and poaching paraphernalia, however, the quality of these studies varied greatly. To prevent the further decline of species numbers internationally, more effort should be invested in publicising existing research into the effectiveness of prevention strategies that have not reached the wider scientific audience, as well as the funding and promotion of research into alternate methods of crime prevention.","PeriodicalId":37844,"journal":{"name":"Crime Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140882441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Six months in: pandemic crime trends in England and Wales. 六个月后:英格兰和威尔士的大流行犯罪趋势。

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00142-z

Samuel Langton, Anthony Dixon, Graham Farrell

引用次数: 2

The new normal of web camera theft on campus during COVID-19 and the impact of anti-theft signage. 新冠疫情期间校园网络摄像头盗窃的新常态及防盗标识的影响。

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00159-4

William A Chernoff

{"title":"The new normal of web camera theft on campus during COVID-19 and the impact of anti-theft signage.","authors":"William A Chernoff","doi":"10.1186/s40163-021-00159-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-021-00159-4","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The opportunity for web camera theft increased globally as institutions of higher education transitioned to remote learning during COVID-19. Given the thousands of cameras currently installed in classrooms, many with little protection, the present study tests the effectiveness of anti-theft signage for preventing camera theft.Methods: Examined web camera theft at a southern, public university located in the United States of America by randomly assigning N = 104 classrooms to receive either anti-theft signage or no signage. Camera theft was analyzed using Blaker's exact test.Results: Classrooms not receiving anti-theft signage (control) were 3.42 times more likely to exhibit web camera theft than classrooms receiving anti-theft signage (medium effect size).Conclusions: Using classrooms as the unit of analysis presents new opportunities for not only future crime prevention experiments, but also improving campus safety and security. Also, preventing web camera theft on campus is both fiscally and socially responsible, saving money and ensuring inclusivity for remote learners.","PeriodicalId":37844,"journal":{"name":"Crime Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8527821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10799541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Offline crime bounces back to pre-COVID levels, cyber stays high: interrupted time-series analysis in Northern Ireland. 线下犯罪反弹至疫情前水平，网络犯罪居高不下:北爱尔兰中断的时间序列分析

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00162-9

David Buil-Gil, Yongyu Zeng, Steven Kemp

{"title":"Offline crime bounces back to pre-COVID levels, cyber stays high: interrupted time-series analysis in Northern Ireland.","authors":"David Buil-Gil, Yongyu Zeng, Steven Kemp","doi":"10.1186/s40163-021-00162-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-021-00162-9","url":null,"abstract":"Much research has shown that the first lockdowns imposed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with changes in routine activities and, therefore, changes in crime. While several types of violent and property crime decreased immediately after the first lockdown, online crime rates increased. Nevertheless, little research has explored the relationship between multiple lockdowns and crime in the mid-term. Furthermore, few studies have analysed potentially contrasting trends in offline and online crimes using the same dataset. To fill these gaps in research, the present article employs interrupted time-series analysis to examine the effects on offline and online crime of the three lockdown orders implemented in Northern Ireland. We analyse crime data recorded by the police between April 2015 and May 2021. Results show that many types of traditional offline crime decreased after the lockdowns but that they subsequently bounced back to pre-pandemic levels. In contrast, results appear to indicate that cyber-enabled fraud and cyber-dependent crime rose alongside lockdown-induced changes in online habits and remained higher than before COVID-19. It is likely that the pandemic accelerated the long-term upward trend in online crime. We also find that lockdowns with stay-at-home orders had a clearer impact on crime than those without. Our results contribute to understanding how responses to pandemics can influence crime trends in the mid-term as well as helping identify the potential long-term effects of the pandemic on crime, which can strengthen the evidence base for policy and practice.","PeriodicalId":37844,"journal":{"name":"Crime Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8579416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10638335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

More crime in cities? On the scaling laws of crime and the inadequacy of per capita rankings—a cross-country study 城市犯罪率更高?论犯罪的比例规律与人均排名的不足——一项跨国研究

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00155-8

Marcos A. C. Oliveira

引用次数: 3