World Development Perspectives最新文献_第5页

How much growth is required to achieve good lives for all? Insights from needs-based analysis 实现人人过上美好生活需要多少增长？基于需求的分析得出的见解

IF 2.2

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100612

Jason Hickel , Dylan Sullivan

{"title":"How much growth is required to achieve good lives for all? Insights from needs-based analysis","authors":"Jason Hickel , Dylan Sullivan","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Some narratives in international development hold that ending poverty and achieving good lives for all will require every country to reach the levels of GDP per capita that currently characterise high-income countries. However, this would require increasing total global output and resource use several times over, dramatically exacerbating ecological breakdown. Furthermore, universal convergence along these lines is unlikely within the imperialist structure of the existing world economy. Here we demonstrate that this dilemma can be resolved with a different approach, rooted in recent needs-based analyses of poverty and development. Strategies for development should not pursue capitalist growth and increased aggregate production <em>as such</em>, but should rather increase the <em>specific forms</em> of production that are necessary to improve capabilities and meet human needs at a high standard, while ensuring universal access to key goods and services through public provisioning and decommodification. At the same time, in high-income countries, less-necessary production should be scaled down to enable faster decarbonization and to help bring resource use back within planetary boundaries. With this approach, good lives can be achieved for all without requiring large increases in total global throughput and output. Provisioning decent living standards (DLS) for 8.5 billion people would require only 30% of current global resource and energy use, leaving a substantial surplus for additional consumption, public luxury, scientific advancement, and other social investments. Such a future requires planning to provision public services, to deploy efficient technology, and to build sovereign industrial capacity in the global South.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100612"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452292924000493/pdfft?md5=1e5cb06ce89b04bb6b2674015f1f06b0&pid=1-s2.0-S2452292924000493-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141960278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial typology for food system analysis: Taking stock and setting a research agenda 粮食系统分析的空间类型学：评估和制定研究议程

IF 2.2

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100623

Wim Marivoet , John M. Ulimwengu

引用次数: 0

Social mobility and CCT programs: The Bolsa Família program in Brazil 社会流动性和 CCT 计划：巴西的家庭补助金计划

IF 2.2

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100624

Eloah Fassarella , Sergio Ferreira , Samuel Franco , Valdemar Pinho Neto , Giovanna Ribeiro , Vinicius Schuabb , Paulo Tafner

{"title":"Social mobility and CCT programs: The Bolsa Família program in Brazil","authors":"Eloah Fassarella , Sergio Ferreira , Samuel Franco , Valdemar Pinho Neto , Giovanna Ribeiro , Vinicius Schuabb , Paulo Tafner","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate long-term outcomes related to social mobility and their determinants for low-income Brazilian households. More precisely, the first cohorts of beneficiaries of the Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) program Bolsa Família (BFP); children aged between 7 and 16 in 2005, who are tracked for over a decade, until 2019. We use individual-level administrative data to analyze our two indicators of social mobility: (i) future emancipation from federal government social programs, and (ii) access to the formal labor market. We observe that formerly vulnerable children, beneficiaries of the CCT, find themselves in better socioeconomic conditions in adulthood. While 64 % of them, aged between 21 and 30 years in 2019, were no longer beneficiaries of federal government social programs, 45 % accessed the formal labor market at least once between 2015 and 2019. We also compare the characteristics of the formal employment they access with those of non-BFP beneficiaries during the same period. They have worse employment conditions, although better than informal positions typical of their parents. Furthermore, we investigate the association between local sociodemographic characteristics and individual social mobility. We find significant territorial heterogeneity associated with differences in better health and education infrastructures, and local economic activity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100624"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452292924000614/pdfft?md5=f2ddc8ab8af591703b1442178ea458d4&pid=1-s2.0-S2452292924000614-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141638506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 lockdown: The triple effects on gender-based violence COVID-19 封锁：对性别暴力的三重影响

IF 2.2

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100617

Vincent Canwat

{"title":"COVID-19 lockdown: The triple effects on gender-based violence","authors":"Vincent Canwat","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research on how the COVID-19 lockdown affected gender-based violence (GBV) focused largely on the negative effects of the lockdown on GBV. Using a multinomial probit model, this paper assessed the effects of the lockdown on GBV and the determinants of these effects in Northern Uganda. The results show that the lockdown reduced and increased GBV in some cases, but it had negligible effects in other cases. These effects were determined by many factors depending on how they related to economic and food insecurity. Household heads with higher education levels experienced job losses and increased GBV, but those with savings had less food insecurity and GBV. Members of VSLA that were disrupted by the lockdown faced severe economic insecurity, but members of the undisrupted VSLA experienced less economic security and GBV. Households with many earning members suffered more job losses and increased GBV, but those having own houses faced no rent burden and less GBV. Farm households experienced less effects of the lockdown and no change in GBV. Rural households and those far from the main road experienced less stringent lockdowns and GBV, but those that faced financial constraints had more GBV cases. Farm households had less severe food insecurity and GBV. Household heads earning wages and salary had lower household sizes and GBV cases. The paper implies a need for pandemic mitigation measures to balance their health benefits with socio-economic costs, overcome economic insecurity, and consider socio-economic differences. GBV was viewed as a uniform entity, but future studies need to explore the effects of pandemics on different forms of GBV.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100617"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141630618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Local supply chain actor roles in farmer organisation information networks: Empirical findings from two Indonesian farmer organisations 农民组织信息网络中当地供应链参与者的角色：印度尼西亚两个农民组织的经验性发现

IF 2.2

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100619

Kusnandar Kusnandar , Eki Karsani Apriliyani , Adityo Wicaksono , Ramadhona Saville

{"title":"Local supply chain actor roles in farmer organisation information networks: Empirical findings from two Indonesian farmer organisations","authors":"Kusnandar Kusnandar , Eki Karsani Apriliyani , Adityo Wicaksono , Ramadhona Saville","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many farmers in developing countries lack the knowledge to solve farming challenges, so improving their access to information is believed to address this issue. Prior research has primarily focused on analysing social networks but has overlooked the role of supply chain networks, which farmers depend on for production, marketing, and financial matters. This study aims at understanding the role of supply chain actors in the information networks of farmer organisations in developing countries. Multiple case studies were conducted in two farmer organisations in Indonesia, one small and the other large. This study included both quantitative data gathered through surveys and qualitative information obtained from FGD. This study found that the majority of farmer organisation members rely on their peers within social networks to acquire agricultural production-related information. Within supply chain networks, farmers depend on local traders for market and financial information, despite the asymmetric information in their relationships. In addition, local production input shops are the primary sources for agricultural production-related information. Agricultural extension agents mainly contribute to disseminating information regarding government programmes. This study also indicates that a small farmer organisation has a closer relationship with its farmer members in terms of information sharing. Meanwhile, a large farmer organisation provides its members with a wider range of information from external sources while still maintaining the closed relationships between members through sub-organisations. The findings suggest that the government should focus on enhancing the knowledge of local supply chain actors in order to efficiently disseminate information to farmers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

More than a meeting? The potential and limitations of invited multi-stakeholder spaces in the Brazilian and Peruvian Amazon 不仅仅是一次会议？巴西和秘鲁亚马逊地区受邀多方利益相关者空间的潜力和局限性

IF 2.2

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100620

Juan Pablo Sarmiento Barletti, Nicole Heise Vigil

{"title":"More than a meeting? The potential and limitations of invited multi-stakeholder spaces in the Brazilian and Peruvian Amazon","authors":"Juan Pablo Sarmiento Barletti, Nicole Heise Vigil","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the Amazon, invited multi-stakeholder forums (MSFs) have been organised by governments to engage civil society with policy and decision making. Given the unequal histories of access to resources in the region, in contexts where mainstream politics have failed to include local people and rights concerns in environmental decision-making, there is much optimism regarding the potential for collaboration in invited MSFs. Yet, questions remain on whether they are more than bureaucratic steps organised to legitimise pre-approved government decisions. The article presents comparative insight from interviews with 208 organisers, participants, and nonparticipant stakeholders to four invited MSFs that were legally required decision-making spaces for land and resource use planning in jurisdictions of the Brazilian and Peruvian Amazon. Although the same type of forum was selected in each country, research revealed different processes and outcomes based on how organisers framed their challenges and solutions. This impacted who was invited to participate, and under what terms, including the knowledge they were able to bring to the process. Examining their processes, the article examines challenges in the conception and implementation of forums and the possibility of refocusing MSF activities to better support the inclusion of civil society perspectives in policy and decision making.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100620"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of microfinance on entrepreneurship and welfare among women borrowers in rural Pakistan 小额信贷对巴基斯坦农村地区女性借款人创业和福利的影响

IF 2.2

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-07-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100616

Issam Malki , Asad Ghalib , Rukhsana Kaousar

{"title":"The impact of microfinance on entrepreneurship and welfare among women borrowers in rural Pakistan","authors":"Issam Malki , Asad Ghalib , Rukhsana Kaousar","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the effects of microfinance on entrepreneurial activity and household welfare among women borrowers in rural Pakistan. Using survey data from 463 clients of multiple microfinance institutions and propensity score matching methods, we find that women who invest their loans in microenterprises experience significantly higher income, clothing expenditures, poverty scores, and income diversification compared to those who use loans for other purposes. However, we do not observe increases in health and education spending or reductions in child labour among entrepreneurial borrowers. The results highlight the potential for microfinance to stimulate women’s entrepreneurship and improve economic conditions in rural Pakistani households, but also underscore the limitations in promoting human capital investment. We discuss implications for enhancing microfinance interventions to support holistic welfare improvements for women entrepreneurs in Pakistan and beyond.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100616"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452292924000535/pdfft?md5=7107b75e4b36301bc1cbdd6e3dede02c&pid=1-s2.0-S2452292924000535-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141607804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mining resources, the inconvenient truth of the “ecological” transition 开采资源，"生态 "转型的不便真相

IF 2.2

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-07-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100615

Jeremy Bourgoin , Roberto Interdonato , Quentin Grislain , Matteo Zignani , Sabrina Gaito

{"title":"Mining resources, the inconvenient truth of the “ecological” transition","authors":"Jeremy Bourgoin , Roberto Interdonato , Quentin Grislain , Matteo Zignani , Sabrina Gaito","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>By 2035, the International Energy Agency predicts that $48 trillion will need invested to meet global energy needs, with at least half of these amounts needed to be funneled into renewable electricity sources and energy efficiency efforts. The energy transition is an important dimension of a global climate change mitigation strategy. Using open data on transnational mining deals from the Land Matrix Initiative, we display the current transnational mining network with patterns of concentration and new forms of dependencies between investing and target countries. Using different global development metrics, we also characterize the context within which the mining network is embedded in. Beyond geopolitical concerns and the reconfiguration of power relations in international arenas, the energy transition raises issues of environmental justice. In this study, we clearly display distributive injustices with inequitable distribution of costs, with target countries supporting most of the social and environmental costs of resource extraction in areas marked by land and food insecurity and instability in terms of governance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100615"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141607871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of electricity access on the value of women’s labour and time in Ghana 用电对加纳妇女劳动和时间价值的影响

IF 2.2

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100614

Enoch Ntsiful , John Bosco Dramani , Frank Adusah-Poku , Prince Boakye Frimpong

{"title":"Effect of electricity access on the value of women’s labour and time in Ghana","authors":"Enoch Ntsiful , John Bosco Dramani , Frank Adusah-Poku , Prince Boakye Frimpong","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite the numerous policies targeting women, little improvement has been realised in the value of women’s labour and time in Ghana. Though, access to electricity has improved significantly, its potential to improve women’s labour and time value has not been appreciatively considered in the Ghanaian literature. Thus, this paper seeks to analyse the effect of electricity access on women’s labour and time value as well as the time-saving transmission channels. The 2015 labour force survey was used and the Lewbel two-stage least-squares instrumental variable and special regressor estimators were employed. We find that electricity access has an insignificant effect on the labour value of farm women while the effect on their non-farm value is significant at the national and rural levels.We further find that electricity access reduces the number of unpaid hours expended by women and generates surplus hours. Finally, our findings reveal that electrified women are more likely to own time-saving electric technologies relative to those without electricity. We suggest policy makers expand electricity access, create more rural non-farm enterprises, and subsidise the cost of electrical appliances to improve Ghanaian women’s labour and time value.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100614"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141541097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender discrimination and the biased Indian labour market: Evidence from the National Sample Survey 性别歧视和有偏见的印度劳动力市场：来自全国抽样调查的证据

IF 2.2

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100613

Pallavi Gupta , Satyanarayan Kothe

{"title":"Gender discrimination and the biased Indian labour market: Evidence from the National Sample Survey","authors":"Pallavi Gupta , Satyanarayan Kothe","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gender gaps in wages are a reflection of inequality and discrimination. This exists across regions, sectors, types of work and other divisions. Discrimination is the presence of inequalities between male and female workers with similar skills and in similar occupations. Therefore only understanding wage inequality may be looking at the problem partially. Using the Indian National Sample Survey 2011–12, this paper examines the facets of gender-based wage inequality and discrimination in regular and casual workers. First, the Theil index is calculated to interpret within and between groups inequalities. Then, a Three-fold Oaxaca decomposition method is utilised to divide the wage gaps between explained, unexplained and interaction components. We show that even though the returns on education are higher for women than men at each level of education, females continue to earn less. Results indicate a high raw wage differential of 51.5 per cent, which is divided into three portions of which the endowment is significantly low at 3.1 per cent and a much higher discrimination (coefficient) at 37.9 per cent. Discrimination is greater in regular employment as compared to casual employment; and higher in urban as compared to rural regions. We show that women workers are discriminated against based on age. Policies need to emphasise not just improving female participation but also to maintain it. The need is for sincere efforts in improving access to the labour market through training programs specially designed for women that incorporate dealing with complexities such as child care, maternity benefits, transportation and even safety. Putting awareness at the core of a long-grained thought process that discourages the distribution of unpaid or care work and sees it primarily as a ‘women’s job’ may create a less discriminating and unbiased labour market for Indian women.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100613"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141541096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0