World Development Perspectives最新文献_第10页

Protection or pressure? reciprocity in informal social protection in southern Madagascar 保护还是压力？马达加斯加南部非正式社会保护的互惠性

IF 1.9

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100595

Léo Delpy

{"title":"Protection or pressure? reciprocity in informal social protection in southern Madagascar","authors":"Léo Delpy","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of formal social protection in African countries is critical. The Covid-19 crisis has largely increased this need. Informal social protection mechanisms remain central to households' management of shocks. This article investigates the relationship between reciprocity norms and dependency in contexts of extreme poverty. Using egocentric networks, the study conducts an original analysis of reciprocity norms based on 2868 social relationships across three regions in southern Madagascar. Four reciprocity categories are identified within support relationships: symmetrical reciprocity, no reciprocity, and two asymmetrical reciprocities. Using a mixed method approach, the findings reveal that reciprocity norms are closely associated with household living conditions, with individuals in poverty more likely to be integrated into relationships characterized by asymmetrical reciprocity. Moreover, the article identifies a strong correlation between food-safety shocks and asymmetrical reciprocity. Lastly, the results highlights the significant role of local organizations in formation of symmetrical support relationships. These findings underline the need to develop analyses and policies that take into account the diversity of social protection mechanisms (formal and informal).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 100595"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452292924000328/pdfft?md5=0f10119cd9194f66ecbce4db3fbd1fde&pid=1-s2.0-S2452292924000328-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141067154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wartime service provision and post-conflict state legitimacy: Perception-based foundation of sustainable development in Northwestern Pakistan 战时提供服务与冲突后国家合法性：巴基斯坦西北部可持续发展的认知基础

IF 1.9

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100594

Yuichi Kubota , Hidayat Ullah Khan , Takashi Kurosaki , Kazuhiro Obayashi , Hirotaka Ohmura

{"title":"Wartime service provision and post-conflict state legitimacy: Perception-based foundation of sustainable development in Northwestern Pakistan","authors":"Yuichi Kubota , Hidayat Ullah Khan , Takashi Kurosaki , Kazuhiro Obayashi , Hirotaka Ohmura","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Promoting a peaceful environment is integral for socioeconomic reconstruction in conflict-affected societies. However, the absence of violence does not immediately result in national endeavors for development because a post-conflict state often lacks a popular base of state legitimacy owing to the wartime fragmentation of socio-political groups. Implementing a questionnaire survey in northwestern tribal areas in Pakistan, specifically the former Federally Administered Tribal Areas, this study explores how and why state legitimacy rises and declines as a result of wartime interactions between political actors and civilians. Empirical analyses of novel survey data reveal that wartime service provision is associated with post-conflict sustainable development regarding the civilian perception of legitimacy of the state. State legitimacy is strongly perceived by civilians who have received public services from the state and weakly by those who have been exposed to rebel services. We further disaggregate wartime service provision to explore the influence of providers and variety/types of services. The results indicate that the provision of a wider variety of wartime services impresses upon civilians’ perceived legitimacy; furthermore, while the delivery of basic and extra services beyond justice and security is associated with state legitimacy, the impact is conditional on service providers. State legitimacy has an important role in political stability and national collectivity needed for post-conflict sustainable development. As wartime civil–military relations persistently influence civilians’ perception of political legitimacy, post-conflict reconstruction needs to take locals’ experiences into consideration so that the development initiatives can be legitimate and sustainable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 100594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140909774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender dynamics of the impact of cash transfer on female educational expenditure of informal settlements in Bangladesh 现金转移对孟加拉国非正规住区女性教育支出影响的性别动态变化

IF 1.9

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100591

MD. Abdul Bari , Ghulam Dastgir Khan , Mari Katayanagi , Yuichiro Yoshida

{"title":"Gender dynamics of the impact of cash transfer on female educational expenditure of informal settlements in Bangladesh","authors":"MD. Abdul Bari , Ghulam Dastgir Khan , Mari Katayanagi , Yuichiro Yoshida","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gender-biased educational investment remains a critical issue for vulnerable households. Despite increased female enrolment in the past decade, motivation to invest on female education remains low. Resource scarcity and low woman empowerment are two major reasons of low educational expenditure on female children of a vulnerable household. As the most vulnerable households in a society, informal settlers (slum households) are supposed to spend less on female children. However, whether there is any gender bias in informally settled households’ spending on education remains a question. Further, Cash Transfer (CT) programs provide resources to vulnerable households for investing on human capital elements like education. This study aims to examine three research questions: whether a informally settled household’s spending on education is gender biased, whether the households in which women receive CT spend more for female education than those in which women do not receive CT, and finally whether the impact of female receipt of CT differs from that of male receipt of CT in terms of female education expenditure. As the assignment of female access to CT is not randomized, the simple comparison between the treated and untreated suffers from selection bias. We employ propensity score matching (PSM) as an identification strategy to address selection bias. Inverse probability weighted regression adjustment (IPWRA) has been applied as a robustness check. The study's policy implications highlight the significance for policymakers in the domains of women's education, empowerment, and the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 100591"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140901952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards social equity and sustainable economic prosperity through ecotourism: A case of caste diversified community along Annapurna Sanctuary trail (AST), Nepal 通过生态旅游实现社会公平和可持续经济繁荣：尼泊尔安纳普尔纳保护区步道（AST）沿线种姓多样化社区的案例

IF 1.9

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100592

Surendra Tiwari, Thi Phuoc Lai Nguyen

{"title":"Towards social equity and sustainable economic prosperity through ecotourism: A case of caste diversified community along Annapurna Sanctuary trail (AST), Nepal","authors":"Surendra Tiwari, Thi Phuoc Lai Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The key to social equity and sustainable economic prosperity rests on the inclusion of diverse socio-cultural and ethnic groups in socio-economic activities. Ecotourism promotes the fair and equitable sharing of available opportunities among local people to ensure social equity, sustainable economic prosperity, and tourism sustainability. This study presents an analysis of how ecotourism has contributed to social equity and sustainable economic prosperity within multicultural communities in three villages: Ghandruk, Landruk, and Dhampus along the Annapurna Sanctuary Trail (AST) in Nepal, through the lens of the local community with 120 face-to-face questionnaire surveys, five key informant interviews, six focus group discussions, and field observations. Ecotourism is found to be an effective mechanism for fostering social equity and economic prosperity through socio-economic empowerment, particularly among marginalized groups such as women, <em>Dalits</em>, and <em>Janajatis</em> through the reduction of gender-based income disparities, increased access to micro-financial services, enhanced social cohesion, and increased participation in decision-making processes. Furthermore, the study reveals that households from diverse castes and ethnic backgrounds have benefitted from ecotourism through various income-generating activities, including the sale of local handicrafts and agricultural products, leasing land and property, and infrastructure development. However, it also identifies challenges such as rising living costs, land prices, abandoned agricultural lands, and income inequality. For the sustainability of ecotourism in the region, the need for regulatory measures to control local prices, and integrate agricultural activities into tourism experiences is proposed. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of engaging marginalized groups, particularly <em>Janajatis</em> and <em>Dalits</em>, in ecotourism development initiatives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 100592"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transformative approaches for peace-centred sustainable development: The role of social and solidarity economy 促进以和平为中心的可持续发展的变革方法：社会经济和团结经济的作用

IF 1.9

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100593

Isabel Lopera-Arbeláez , Solveig Richter

{"title":"Transformative approaches for peace-centred sustainable development: The role of social and solidarity economy","authors":"Isabel Lopera-Arbeláez , Solveig Richter","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development aims to forge a more equitable and sustainable world by integrating peace and development efforts. Despite this ambition, challenges persist as these initiatives often operate in isolation, limiting their collective impact. Moreover, the most affected populations by conflicts find themselves trapped without resources or capabilities. The lack of development often exacerbates underlying conditions, leading to recurring conflicts. The question arises then: How can vulnerable groups overcome these barriers collectively?</p><p>The Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) emerges as a transformative approach to achieving peace-centred sustainable development. SSE is a people-centred and nature-responsible economic model characterised by voluntary cooperation, collective goods, local action, and democratic governance. Additionally, SSE initiatives contribute significantly to achieving various Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), fostering resilience, promoting well-being, and reducing inequalities. Although SSE is revolutionary in its principles, it has yet to be studied in an interdisciplinary manner within peace and conflict studies. This review article explores the potential of integrating SSE into peacebuilding and development agendas. Our study provides policy recommendations to enhance the impact of SSE on achieving the SDGs and promoting peace. We also identify barriers and limitations, advocating for an integrated approach to ensure collective and solidarity-driven development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 100593"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140894394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spillover effects of medium- and large-scale farms on smallholder farmers in Tanzania: Evidence from the National Sample Census of Agriculture 2019/20 坦桑尼亚大中型农场对小农的溢出效应：来自 2019/20 年全国农业抽样普查的证据

IF 1.9

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100590

Nour Abdulwahid , Leguma Bakari , Abdallah Hussein , Samwel K. Kawa , Francis Lavoe , Titus Mwisomba , Basil Msuha , Ayala Wineman

{"title":"Spillover effects of medium- and large-scale farms on smallholder farmers in Tanzania: Evidence from the National Sample Census of Agriculture 2019/20","authors":"Nour Abdulwahid , Leguma Bakari , Abdallah Hussein , Samwel K. Kawa , Francis Lavoe , Titus Mwisomba , Basil Msuha , Ayala Wineman","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tanzania has implemented a number of policies and initiatives to promote the growth of the agricultural sector. Among these are efforts geared toward fostering large-scale farm investments, which is partly premised on the notion that smallholder farmers will also benefit through improved access to factor markets and output markets, better prices, and knowledge transfers. Nevertheless, evidence on such spillover effects is far from clear. To fill this gap, we draw on the 2019/20 National Sample Census of Agriculture to estimate the spillover effects from large and medium-scale farms to smallholder farmers in Tanzania. Using logistic and linear regression models, we find evidence consistent with positive effects from medium-scale farms to smallholder farmers around adoption of improved technologies—particularly the use of improved seeds, organic fertilizer, irrigation, and mechanization—and crop yield. These relationships are more evident for maize farms. We also find evidence consistent with spillover effects from large-scale farms, specifically around the adoption of improved crop technologies and livestock vaccinations. These results add an argument in favor of policies that foster the coexistence of large-, medium-, and small-scale farms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 100590"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140878601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Community participation and effective water management: A study on water user organizations (WUOs) in Thailand 社区参与和有效的水资源管理：对泰国用水者组织（WUOs）的研究

IF 1.9

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-04-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100589

Pavisorn Chuenchum , Chitchanuwat Meneesrikum , Chaiyraweepat Teerapanuchaikul , Anurak Sriariyawat

{"title":"Community participation and effective water management: A study on water user organizations (WUOs) in Thailand","authors":"Pavisorn Chuenchum , Chitchanuwat Meneesrikum , Chaiyraweepat Teerapanuchaikul , Anurak Sriariyawat","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the factors enhancing the effectiveness of Water User Organizations (WUOs) in Thailand, spotlighting the integration of geo-informatics and community involvement in water management. Employing a community-based participatory research approach, we assessed the impact of advanced technological tools and increased community engagement on WUOs' operations and sustainability. Our methodology included surveys, interviews, and an analysis of water management practices before and after geo-informatics implementation. Findings reveal a significant increase in community participation and an improvement in water management knowledge. The use of geo-informatics led to notable advancements in water allocation efficiency and conflict resolution, directly contributing to the financial sustainability of WUOs. Specifically, the application of geo-informatics facilitated more accurate and timely water resource allocation, evidenced by enhanced community engagement metrics and the resolution of longstanding conflicts. These results underscore the value of combining geo-informatics with community-driven approaches to water management, offering valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners. The study advocates for policies that support the adoption of technological innovations and promote community-centric governance, providing a scalable model for sustainable water resource management. This approach not only improves the functionality and sustainability of WUOs but also sets a precedent for holistic water governance practices globally.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 100589"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140649791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A systems approach to understanding the interconnected factors affecting rural development: A case study from Türkiye 以系统方法理解影响农村发展的相互关联因素：图尔基耶案例研究

IF 1.9

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100588

Ummugulsum Zor , Ayla Esen , Murad Canbulut , Nevran Karaca , Gencay Karakaya , Ipek Turker

{"title":"A systems approach to understanding the interconnected factors affecting rural development: A case study from Türkiye","authors":"Ummugulsum Zor , Ayla Esen , Murad Canbulut , Nevran Karaca , Gencay Karakaya , Ipek Turker","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rural development plays a crucial role in the advancement of developing countries such as Türkiye, necessitating a comprehensive examination of the factors that shape this process. This research aims to provide a holistic view of interconnected factors affecting rural development. A qualitative and participatory research methodology was used, which included focus group meetings with various stakeholder groups. Data from the focus group meetings were analyzed through network analysis to gain insight into the relationships between topics discussed. The network analysis results were then utilized to structure a model for rural development using a systems approach, depicting the main inputs for, enablers of, and outputs of rural development. Our results suggest that government support through policymaking and support of critical non-governmental organizations (NGOs) through projects and programs are key inputs for rural development. Support should focus on providing education and training programs to the local community, improving technology and digitalization, empowering local stakeholders, and ensuring economic and social integration of community groups, specifically women and youth. The authors conclude that these enablers of rural development will ensure efficient and effective practices in value-creating economic activities, specifically agricultural activities, leading to improved wealth and well-being in local rural communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 100588"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peace-centred sustainable development: An analysis of SDG 16 in the Arab states 以和平为中心的可持续发展：对阿拉伯国家可持续发展目标 16 的分析

IF 1.9

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100587

Sansom Milton , Mohammad Alhamawi

引用次数: 0

Yemen's humanitarian collaboration during conflict: UN and local NGOs in focus 也门冲突期间的人道主义合作：聚焦联合国和当地非政府组织

IF 1.9

World Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100585

Moosa Elayah, Rawan Al-Mansori

引用次数: 0