{"title":"Early Diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease","authors":"F. Fachrucha, Anita Masniari Pulungan","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.43","url":null,"abstract":"Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) includes more than 200 diseases that involve the interstitial lung. The diagnosis of ILD depends on the onset of symptoms, causes, and clinical manifestations. An anamnesis comprehensive and physical examination are essential in diagnosing ILD. In addition, laboratory tests are carried out in certain clinical conditions. The analysis of biomarkers in ILD is helpful for diagnosis, disease monitoring, and prediction of prognosis. Pulmonary function studies support the diagnosis of ILD and as a predictor of prognosis. High-resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) is the main diagnostic procedure in ILD patients. In certain conditions, a lung biopsy may be considered. Multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) enhances accurate diagnosis. An accurate early diagnosis of ILD is necessary to ensure that patients receive optimal management, reduce the risk of developing pulmonary fibrosis and reduce the risk of death. Early diagnosis of ILD define as early identification of symptoms, laboratory and radiological findings at the early stage of the disease","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114318597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Suwandi, Y. Sugiri, Triwahju Astuti, Harun Al Rasyid
{"title":"Association of Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Levels With Acid-Fast Bacillus (AFB) Sputum Conversion In Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patient","authors":"G. Suwandi, Y. Sugiri, Triwahju Astuti, Harun Al Rasyid","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.52","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) which can be found on multiple organs, but mostly infect the lung. AFB smear is used to diagnose and evaluate therapy response, to show bacterial burden and the patient’s infectious status. Combination of antituberculosis drugs for a long period of time could cause poor compliance and increased risk of resistance. Mtb infection induce immune response and release cytokines, one of which is interleukin-2 (IL-2) that regulate T lymphocyte cell. Higher IL-2 levels is found on patient with high bacterial burdern. This study aims to see the assossciation between IL-2 levels before and 30 days after DR-TB treatment, to see pre and post-treatment IL-2 levels with conversion of AFB smear, and correlation between pre-treatment IL-2 levels and AFB smear.\u0000Method: This was a cohort prospective study at RSUD dr Saiful Anwar Malang. Thirty nine DR-TB patients underwent AFB smear before and 30 days after treatment, while IL-2 levels was also measured by Enzym-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique.\u0000Results: The levels of IL-2 before treatment was significantly higher compared to 30 days after treatment (P<0.001). There was no significant IL-2 levels difference between conversion and non-conversion group (P=0.23), and a weak, not-significant correlation between IL-2 levels and AFB smear (r=0.28; P=0.06).\u0000Conclusion: The levels of IL-2 was significantly higher before than after treatment and it cannot be used to determine the positivity of acid-resistant bacilli smears in the sputum of patients with DR-TB. The limited timeframe and biomarker in this study raise the possibility to observe IL-2 as well as other biomarkers after intensive phase of TB treatment for future studies.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123792921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Andayani, S. Suryawati, N. Salsabila, D. Salwani, Hendra - Kurniawan
{"title":"Effect of Chemotherapy on Quality of Life of Lung Cancer Patients: Scoping Review","authors":"N. Andayani, S. Suryawati, N. Salsabila, D. Salwani, Hendra - Kurniawan","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.45","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lung cancer is a tumor originating from the lung parenchyma or in the bronchi. Lung cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer. The treatment often used is chemotherapy as most lung cancers are diagnosed late. Chemotherapy can provide many benefits but also has side effects because it works by killing healthy replicating cells. Symptoms of cancer that appear as well as side effects of therapy have an impact on the patient's quality of life. Quality of life is a person's perception of his position in life in the context of values and culture. Quality of life can determine a person's general well-being and well-being is the main goal of treatment. This study aims to determine the effect of chemotherapy on the quality of life of lung cancer patients.\u0000Method: This Scoping Review was compiled by conducting a literature search on the PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink databases, and manual searches on Google Scholar with the keywords “Lung Cancer” AND “Chemotherapy” AND “Quality of Life” from 2016 to 2021 publication period. Scoping This review is guided by the PRISMA-ScR checklist.\u0000Results: As much as 30 journals were obtained based on inclusion and exclusion criteria from this process. We found that most of the literature states that chemotherapy has a positive effect in improving the quality of life of lung cancer patients, which are dominated by advanced NSCLC cancer types.\u0000Conclusion: Aspects that can affect the quality of life of lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy are the available health facilities, the choice of chemotherapy regimen, the timing of the quality-of-life assessment, and the patient's socio-cultural background.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130095189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Ginseng Extract Supplementation on Procalcitonin Level, Neutrophil, and Length of Stay In Patients With Community Acquired Pneumonia","authors":"Anita Ramlie, Reviono Reviono, J. Aphridasari","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.49","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pneumonia is an acute inflammation of the lung parenchyma caused by microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites) and causes of high morbidity and mortality. Ginsenoside in ginseng have anti-inflammatory effects, potentially as adjunctive therapy in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients. As much as 43% of patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital in 2016 were hospitalized have passed away. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ginseng extract on levels of procalcitonin, neutrophils, and length of stay of community-acquired pneumonia patients.\u0000Method: The quasi-experimental clinical trial with the pretest posttest design approach was conducted on 26 community acquired pneumonia patients who were hospitalized in Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta from October until November 2019 using consecutive sampling. The control group (n=13) received standard antibiotics while the treatment group (n=13) received additional ginseng extract 2x100 mg/day for 14 days. Procalcitonin was measured at admission, third and fourteenth day; neutrophils are measured at admission and third day; length of stay is based on the number of days of treatment in hospital.\u0000Results: There was a significant difference (P=0.001) towards decreased of serum procalcitonin levels between treatment group (-0.63±0.06) compared to control group (-0.38±0.07). There was a significant difference (P<0.001) towards decreased of neutrophil levels between treatment group (-6.68±1.34) compared to control group (-3.51±0.88). There was a significant difference (P=0.001) towards decreased of length of stay between treatment group (5.69±0.95) compared to control group (7.15±0.99).\u0000Conclusion: Ginseng extract containing ginsenoside as its main ingredient, can act as an anti-inflammatory which can be used as adjunctive therapy in community-acquired pneumonia patients who are hospitalized to accelerate clinical improvement and shorten the length of stay.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127535445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association Between Comorbidities and Outcome of COVID-19 Patients at dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang","authors":"Nova Indriyani, Y. Sabri, Afriani Afriani","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.59","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 has spread rapidly throughout the world with high morbidity and mortality estimated up to 20%. This number will increase with the presence of comorbidities. Comorbidities were associated with complex clinical management and impacted on COVID-19 disease outcomes. This study aims to determine the association between comorbidities and the outcome of COVID-19 patients at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital.\u0000Method: We conducted an observational study with a retrospective cohort design on COVID-19 patients treated at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital. Data were taken from medical records from January to March 2021. Association between comorbidities and the outcome of COVID-19 patients was analyzed by Chi-Square or Fisher Exact Test.\u0000Results: The majority patientss were female (56.4%) and ages above 50 years old (64.3%) were the majority of patients. The most common was hypertension (36.56%). The longest length of stay of COVID-19 patients was more than 21 days (52.9%). The outcomes of COVID-19 patients were recovered (59.5%), recovered with sequelae (5.7%), and died (34.8%). Diabetes mellitus affected the end of treatment outcome. There was no relationship of type of comorbidity with length of stay. The more co-morbidities a patient suffers, the condition when infected with COVID-19 will get worse.\u0000Conclusion: The number of comorbidities affects the outcome of COVID-19 patients. Diabetes mellitus is most common that affects the end of treatment outcome for COVID-19 patients at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129729185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ghazali Akhmad Putranta, Fajrinur Syarani, S. Bihar, P. Eyanoer
{"title":"Characteristics of Albumin Levels and Liver Function in Patients With COVID-19 at H. Adam Malik Hospital, Medan","authors":"Ghazali Akhmad Putranta, Fajrinur Syarani, S. Bihar, P. Eyanoer","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.61","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease-2019) pandemic has a high mortality rate especially in Medan, Indonesia. Serum albumin and liver function tests are believed to be predictive biomarkers for prognosis in patients with infectious diseases, including COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the association between the mortality events and severely ill COVID-19 patients' serum albumin and liver enzymes.\u0000Method: This is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the medical records of H. Adam Malik Hospital patients with COVID-19 who were confirmed by RT-PCR from August to December 2020. All patients were analyzed for age, sex, hypoalbuminemia, increased liver enzymes and outcome using Chi-square tests (P<0.05).\u0000Results: The average age of severe COVID-19 patients at H. Adam Malik Hospital ranged from 41 to 60 years, with more women prevalence than men. Most of the patients had hypoalbuminemia (84.2%), an increase in AST (59.4)% and ALT (45.5%). There was no significant association between hypoalbuminemia and the disease outcome (P=0.12). There was a significant association between elevated liver enzymes and mortality in severely ill COVID-19 patients (P<0.001).\u0000Conclusion: We found that hypoalbuminemia is common in patients with severe COVID-19. However, we found that albumin levels had no association with the patients' mortality rate. Liver enzymes levels appear to be a predictive biomarker for outcomes in COVID-19 patients of H. Adam Malik Hospital. We found that higher ALT and AST levels were associated with significantly higher mortality.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125280134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relationship Between Smoking Status and Smoking Index Against COVID-19 Disease Course in Treated Patients at Dr. M Djamil General Hospital, Padang","authors":"Yulia Helexandra, Y. Sabri, Fenty Anggrainy","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.58","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Smoking is a risk factor for the development and worsening of respiratory diseases, including COVID-19 infection. Smoking can increase the risk of the severity of COVID-19 by two times because in smokers there is an increase in the expression of the ACE-2 gene by 25% compared to non-smokers. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between smoking status and smoking index on the course of COVID-19 disease treated at Dr. M Djamil General Hospital.\u0000Method: An observational analytic study with a retrospective cohort approach on COVID-19 patients who were treated at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital. Data were taken from January to March 2021. The relationship between smoking status and smoking index on the course of COVID-19 was analyzed by Chi-Square.\u0000Results: This study found the most age was above 50 years with a vulnerable age of 50-59 years (28.4%) and female gender (56.7%). Non-smoker status (64.2%) and moderate smoking index (51.4%) were the most commonly found in this study. Clinically non-progressive COVID-19 (53.7%) was the most common. This study found that the maximum length of stay for COVID-19 patients was less than 21 days (53.7%) and the outcome of patients recovered (62.2%). This study found a significant relationship between the smoking index on the clinical progress of COVID-19 patients and there was a significant relationship between smoking status and the outcome of COVID-19 patients. This study found that smoking status and the smoking index had no significant relationship with the length of stay of COVID-19 patients.\u0000Conclusion: Smoking status is related to outcomes in COVID-19 patients and the smoking index is related to a progression in COVID-19 patients treated at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131157169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prasetyo Risky Alamsyah, Fajaria Nurcandra, Cahya Arbitera, F. R. Hardy
{"title":"Factors Related to Complaints of Lung Function Disorders In UPN Veteran Jakarta Employees","authors":"Prasetyo Risky Alamsyah, Fajaria Nurcandra, Cahya Arbitera, F. R. Hardy","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v3i1.36","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One characteristic of lung dysfunction is obstruction of airflow in the respiratory tract. The prevalence of COPD as lung function disorder among men in Indonesia is 3.7% and 2.7% in DKI Jakarta. One of the causes of decreased lung function is smoking. A large portion of UPN Veteran Jakarta employees is smoker. This research was aimed to determine risk factors of lung dysfunction among employees in UPN Veteran Jakarta.\u0000Method: A cross sectional study was conducted from April to May 2019 in UPN Veteran Jakarta. Total 102 samples of employees who work at UPN includes staff, lecturers, cooperative officers, office boys, and security guards were selected using purposive sampling. Measuring instruments used in this study were questionnaires, scales, microtoise and spirometer. Spirometer was used to measure lung function. Questionnaires to obtain data on gender, age, body mass index (BMI), employment status, education, allergies, history of lung disease, family history, Brinkman index, physical activity, vehicle emissions exposure and smoking environment. The data was analysed using the chi square test and logistic regression test\u0000Results: The results of the logistic regression test showed risk factors of lung dysfunction were BMI (POR: 4.718; 95% CI 1.673-13.305), history of lung disease (POR: 3,424; 95% CI 0.836-14.028) and smoking environment (POR: 2.956; 95% CI 0.953-9.168).\u0000Conclusion: The most influencing factors for lung dysfunction were BMI, history of lung disease, and smoking environment.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133862492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"One Year Survival of Wild-Type Adenocarcinoma Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy at dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang","authors":"U. Agus Setyawan, H. Yudhanto, Aura Madarina","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v2i3.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v2i3.47","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies that leads to mortality. In Indonesia, lung cancer ranks first in men and third in women. The most common histological type of lung cancer is adenocarcinoma. Adenocarcinoma lung cancer is divided into 2 types, namely EGFR mutations and no mutations (wild-type). Chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for advanced wild-type adenocarcinoma lung cancer. This study aimed to assess the one-year survival of wild-type adenocarcinoma lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.\u0000Method: This study used a cross-sectional study design.Data were taken from the medical records of cancer patients at Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang in 2018-2019. Data were processed and analyzed by chi-square test.\u0000Results: Of the 54 subjects, 24 patients received carboplatin/ pemetrexed (44.4%), 15 patients received carboplatin/paclitaxel (27.8%), 9 patients received carboplatin/gemcitabine (16.7%), 2 patients received pemetrexed (3.7%), and 4 patients received gemcitabine (7.4%). The chemotherapy drug regimen had no correlation with one-year survival (P=0.899).\u0000Conclusion: There wasno significant difference between one-year survival andchemotherapy drug regimens. This study required a larger sample to minimize bias.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127216152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dian Megawati, M. Rasmin, Budhi Antariksa, F. Yunus
{"title":"Preoperative Assessment Prior to Lung Resection: How to Eliminate the Risk","authors":"Dian Megawati, M. Rasmin, Budhi Antariksa, F. Yunus","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v2i3.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v2i3.48","url":null,"abstract":"Lung resection is part of the treatment of various lung diseases, both malignancy and infection. Although it has great benefits, lung resection can result in a variety of functional disorders that can affect the whole cardiopulmonary system. The mortality of these procedures is 2-4% in segmentectomy and 6-8% in lobectomy, while the mortality of pneumonectomy in the world is 11%. Good preoperative assessment of patients has been reported to have reduced mortality and morbidity after lung resection. Things that need to be considered to assess preoperative eligibility include age, lung function, cardiovascular fitness, nutrition, and performance status. The preoperative pulmonary tolerance assessment is divided into three stages: the first stage is the assessment of lung function and blood gas analysis, the second stage is to assess postoperative prediction of pulmonary function, and the third stage is to assess the maximum oxygen consumption per minute by doing a cardiopulmonary exercise test. Patients who have a good tolerance for lung resection are patients who have predictive postoperative force expiration volume one second (ppoFEV1) values more than 40%, predictive postoperative diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (ppoDLCO) more than 50%, and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max) more than 15ml/kg/min.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127624307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}