Respiratory Science最新文献

{"title":"Smoking Cessation: A Review","authors":"Indi Esha, Riska Yuliana Sari","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.100","url":null,"abstract":"Smoking is a leading cause of preventable death worldwide. Smoking damages almost all organs and body systems and reduces the overall health of a person with the highest mortality, especially due to respiratory and cardiovascular disease. Evidence shows that the symptoms and prognosis of smoking-related diseases will improve after smoking cessation. Smoking cessation is one of the most important ways to improve the prognosis of patients with respiratory ailments. Counseling and treatment can increase the chances of smokers to successfully smoke cessation. Smoking cessation therapy must include pharmacological treatment (Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT), bupropion, varenicline or N-acetylcysteine) combined with nonpharmacological therapy.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"9 S1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135727614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuing Monitoring in Respiratory Intensive Care Unit and Mortality in Patient Post Bronchoscopy Procedure","authors":"Vina Fiqria, Kevin Aristyo, Rasmin Menaldi","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.92","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bronchoscopy is a relatively safe procedure in the diagnosis and therapy of lung disease, however in some cases complications can occur which lead to further monitoring in the intensive care or respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) and even lead to mortality. This study aimed to determine the need for intensive care unit monitoring and the risk factors that increase the need for intensive care unit monitoring followed by mortality after bronchoscopy procedure. Method: A retrospective data of consecutive bronchoscopy procedures in Persahabatan Hospital between July to December 2021. Results: From 410 patients underwent bronchoscopy procedures, there were 52 patients (12.6%) were admitted to RICU after bronchoscopy. From patients who were treated in RICU 3 (5.8%) of them died. Patients who died during monitoring in intensive care unit had an older mean age of 60.3 years. There were 2 (12.5%) died after bronchoscopy procedures with two or more intervention, 1 patients (3%) died in the group with one intervention. There were 2 patients (13.3%) died with two or more comorbidities and 1 patient (5.9%) died with one comorbid. In the group with diagnosis of malignancy, 3 patients (7.5%) died. Whereas in patients who were performed surgery during bronchoscopy there were 2 patients (20%) died and only 1 patient (2.4%) died without any surgery during bronchoscopy. Conclusion: Although bronchoscopy is a relatively safe procedure but the need of monitoring in intensive care after bronchoscopy procedures were relatively high and mortality quite high compare to previous study. Further research is needed to determine the risk factors that increase the need of continuing monitoring in intensive care unit followed by mortality after bronchoscopy procedure.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"9 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135727615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solitary Pulmonary Nodule: Is It Benign or Malignant?","authors":"Haryati Haryati, Dimas Satrio Baringgo","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.101","url":null,"abstract":"Solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN) are round-shaped opacities with or without firm borders and ≤3 cm in diameter. 40% of solitary pulmonary nodules in high-risk populations are malignant and >10 mm in diameter. With the high incidence of pulmonary cancer, diagnosing pulmonary nodules is essential for clinicians. This review aims to discuss more solitary pulmonary nodules based on multiple recommendations for diagnosis and management. Malignancy probability assessment is the first step in evaluating each patient with new pulmonary nodules, as it significantly affects the prognosis of the disease. The assessment depends on the risk factors present in the patient, which are cigarettes, age, history of cancer, and family history. Radiological evaluation is the second phase in pulmonary nodule evaluation. Predictors of malignant nodules that should be assessed are nodule size, growth rate, nodule morphology, location, and enhancement. Many guidelines have been published regarding treating solitary pulmonary nodules, including the Fleischner Society, ACCP, and BTS guidelines.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"9 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135727617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remarkable Breakthrough: Unleashing the Power of Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Defeating Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) of the Lungs - A Compelling Case Report","authors":"Novita Andayani, Murtaza Murtaza, Rina Marlena, Syarifah Fera Muhawan","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.88","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This case report focuses on the evaluation of treatment efficacy in a 64-year-old male patient diagnosed with stage IVA lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the right upper lobe. The patient underwent chemotherapy using paclitaxel and carboplatin, administered in measured doses over six cycles. Close monitoring of patients was conducted throughout the treatment period, taking into account their clinical condition. Case: The patient underwent a computerized tomography (CT) examination before starting treatment, followed by a comparison in the third month of treatment. Encouragingly, significant clinical improvement was observed with respect to the initial complaint. The patient achieved an excellent response, the tumor appearance disappeared and the previous size was assessed by Partial Response (PR) based on RECIST criteria. Discussions: The administration of paclitaxel and carboplatin in patients with SCC gave positive results. Metered doses and scheduled administration allow for effective disease management, leading to substantial clinical improvement. The case studies highlight the potential of this treatment regimen in treating SCC, emphasizing the importance of close monitoring during therapy. Conclusion: This case report underscores the promising results obtained with paclitaxel and carboplatin in the treatment of lung SCC. The patient's notable response, marked by clinical improvement and achieving a partial response based on RECIST criteria, exemplifies the potential of this therapeutic approach. Further investigations and clinical trials are warranted to explore the broader applicability and efficacy of this regimen.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"9 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135727618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aromatherapy Effectivity in Controlling Anxiety, Respiration Rate, Pulse Rate, and Pain in Bronchoscopy","authors":"Nur Amalia Santang, Yusup Subagio Sutanto, Debree Septiawan","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.116","url":null,"abstract":"ackground: Bronchoscopy is a relatively safe diagnostic and therapeutic procedure, but it is often reported as an uncomfortable experience and causes acute procedural anxiety that affects the procedure and the patient and operator's comfort. Anti-anxiety drugs have the risk of causing mild to severe side effects. Therefore, we need premedication with potent anxiolytics with minimal side effects, such as the use of aromatherapy. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of aromatherapy as an additional premedication to reduce anxiety, respiratory rate, pulse rate, and pain in patients undergoing bronchoscopy. Method: A clinical study with experimental quasi pre-post test control group design using consecutive sampling was performed in pulmonary patients undergoing bronchoscopy in dr. Moewardi Hospital from February to March 2020. The study subjects were randomized into three groups: lavender aromatherapy, orange aromatherapy, and control. Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) score, respiratory rate, pulse, and visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score were measured before and after bronchoscopy. Results: A total of 45 subjects of lung patients undergoing bronchoscopy participated in this study. Post hoc test differences in the HADS anxiety score of lavender and orange groups showed a significant decrease (P=0.011); (P=0.083), respectively. The decrease in the control group was not significant (P=0.622). There was a significant decrease in the respiratory rate of lavender (P≤0.0001), and orange groups (P=0.001), while the control group did not decrease (P=0.515). There was a significant decrease in pulse rate in the lavender (P=0.004) and orange (P=0.011) groups. The decrease in the control group was not significant (P=0.900). There was a significant decrease in VAS pain scores in the lavender and orange groups with each (P<0.001), whereas, in the control group, there was an increase in VAS pain scores. Conclusion: Aromatherapy effectively controls anxiety, respiration rate, pulse, and pain in bronchoscopy patients.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"12 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135728112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunopathogenesis of Silicotuberculosis: A Literature Review","authors":"Indi Esha, Elvando Tunggul Mauliate Simatupang","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.103","url":null,"abstract":"Silicotuberculosis is a tuberculosis infection that emerges as a silicosis complication. A silicosis patient is 2.8 to 39 times more likely to develop pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Moreover, the fibrotic condition caused by silicosis may exacerbate the symptoms and worsen the clinical outcome of silicotuberculosis patients. The current report suggests that the immune system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Silicosis or silica exposure might interfere with the immunological response, especially the macrophages, which permit the Mycobacterium tuberculosis to infect the host. In this literature review, we will discuss the definition, epidemiology, and immunopathogenesis of silicotuberculosis.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"9 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135727613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in IL-6 Levels Based on Clinical Severity and Outcome of COVID-19 Patients at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital","authors":"Chicy Widya Morfi, Yessy Susanty Sabri, Dessy Mizarti","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.94","url":null,"abstract":"ground: A cytokine storm is defined by elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6). In COVID-19 infection, IL-6 is superior to C-reactive protein (CRP) and other inflammatory markers in predicting respiratory failure. The IL-6 is the main cytokine triggered by T cells when a cytokine storm occurs. IL-6 is the most important driver of immune dysregulation and ARDS in COVID-19 infection. The purpose of this study is to assess differences of IL-6 levels based on clinical severity and outcomes in COVID-19 patients at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital. Method: The study took place at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital from November 2021 to November 2022. This is a retrospective cohort study in which patients were tested for IL-6 levels between January 1st, 2021 and December 31, 2021. The distribution of the frequency and proportion of each variable is included in univariate analysis; bivariate analysis determines the correlation between the independent variables (clinical severity, length of stay, and final status of hospitalization) and the dependent variable (IL-6 levels in COVID-19 patients). Results: Patients' characteristics in this study, the majority of patients aged 18-49 years. Women and patients with moderate disease were more common. The majority of patients were treated for less than 14 days, and the final status of hospitalization the patients showed that most of the patients recovered. IL-6 levels with median (min-max) was 32.00 (1.50-589.00). The IL-6 levels were higher in clinically critical COVID-19 patients (77.20 mg/L), in patients with a shorter length of stay (14 days) (36.00 mg/L), and at final status of hospitalization were death (58.90 mg/L). Conclusion: There were differences of IL-6 level based on clinical severity and final hospitalization status of COVID-19 patients, but not from the length of stay in COVID-19 patients at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"9 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135727616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reexpansion Pulmonary Edema","authors":"Praseno Hadi","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.130","url":null,"abstract":"Re-expansion pulmonary edema (RPE) is a rare complication of pleural puncture (thoracentesis) and chest tube insertion. The incidence of RPE is low (1%), but mortality can be up to 20%. The main pathophysiological mechanism is pulmonary edema due to increased permeability and increased hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary capillaries. Risk factors include duration of lung collapse (>3 to 7 days), size of pneumothorax (>30%), volume of aspirated air or fluid (>1.5 to 3 L), excessive negative intrapleural pressure, diabetes mellitus, and chronic hypoxemia. Prevention includes limiting the volume of aspirated air or fluid (<1.5 L), air or fluid evacuation in a controlled manner, and preventing excessive negative intrapleural pressure. Treatment is supportive care through cardiovascular and respiratory monitoring, oxygen and decubitus positioning.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136231683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dust Exposure and Lung Function Disorders","authors":"Mona Lestari, Poppy Fujianti, N. Novrikasari, Rizka Faliria Nandini","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v3i3.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v3i3.80","url":null,"abstract":"Dust is a particle floating in the air produced due to mechanical processes such as splitting, grinding, grinding, punching or blasting, cutting and destroying material. Dust particles in the air for a relatively long time can enter the human body through breathing. Dust less than 5 µm entering the human respiratory system can reach the inside of the lungs or alveoli can cause lung function disorders. Impaired pulmonary function is the inability to develop (elasticity) of the lungs as well as disorders of the respiratory tract both structural (anatomical) and functional which causes slowing of respiratory airflow. The International Labor Organization (ILO) defines pulmonary dysfunction as the accumulation of dust in the lung tissue and lung tissue reaction to the dust accumulation. Dust entering the alveoli can cause hardening of the tissue (fibrosis) and if 10% of the alveoli is hardening, it will reduce its elasticity in accommodating the volume of air so that the ability to bind oxygen is decreased. This condition causes a reduction in the supply of oxygen absorbed by blood capillaries to the brain tissue, heart, and other body parts.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126246321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vancomycin-Allergy and Linezolid-Resistance in Patient with Methicillin-Resistance Staphylococcus aureus and Multi-Drug Resistance Acinetobacter baumannii Infection","authors":"Wahyu Semara Putra Wayan, Dwita Yaniswara Ni Made, Sandy Laveda, Evelyn Nathania","doi":"10.36497/respirsci.v3i3.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v3i3.82","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) has been burdening the healthcare system, especially when bacteria such as Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are involved. They created a dilemma regarding the appropriate antibiotic therapy utilized against them, especially when the patient is allergic/intolerant to their drug of choice.\u0000Case: A 71-year-old man developed HAP while he was admitted for an ischaemic stroke. His bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) culture showed MRSA and Acinetobacter baumannii infection with multiple drug resistance including one of the drugs for MRSA infection, linezolid. Amikacin and vancomycin were given, but he developed an allergy to vancomycin. Due to the difficulty in treating him, we opted to administer only amikacin. His clinical condition showed daily improvement. During the last day of hospitalization, his sputum culture showed only normal flora. He no longer needed oxygen therapy and there was no longer any indication for him to be hospitalized.\u0000Conclusion: Individuals with multiple comorbidities, recent antibiotic use within the past 90 days, and immune-deficient conditions are at a higher risk of developing infections, including the possibility of dual infections. In this case, we found that the patient was unable to tolerate first-line drugs for MRSA like linezolid and vancomycin, which makes it difficult to decide upon effective treatments.","PeriodicalId":377868,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128036441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}