BioprintingPub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00360
Ambreen Afridi, Ans Al Rashid, Muammer Koç
{"title":"Recent advances in the development of stereolithography-based additive manufacturing processes: A review of applications and challenges","authors":"Ambreen Afridi, Ans Al Rashid, Muammer Koç","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive manufacturing processes have progressed over recent years due to their superiority over conventional manufacturing methods. Their ability to fabricate materials with complex structures, increased precision, and reduced cost have opened avenues for various industrial applications, including biomedical, electrical, mechanical, aviation, and filtration, and led to their development over time. Stereolithography (SLA) is an additive manufacturing technique, through photopolymerization reaction, it solidifies a selective resin to produce three-dimensional objects. SLA has emerged as a leading 3D printing technique, revolutionizing prototyping and production across various industries. SLA has been through four generations of development and advancement, resulting in its improved performance, the diversity of materials, and the variety of applications. Stereolithography has diversified its material and emerged as a promising method for polymer-based composite when operating under optimized conditions. SLA offers superior resolution, high finish quality, improved speed and precision, and is cost-effective compared to alternative techniques like Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). This current study aims to comprehensively review SLA development, its processes, applications and inherent challenges in mechanical, electrical and biomedical fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article e00360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioprintingPub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00358
Ingri Julieth Mancilla Corzo , Jessica Heline Lopes da Fonseca , Victor Ferman , Diego Noé Rodríguez Sánchez , Alexandre Leite Rodrigues de Oliveira , Marcos Akira d'Ávila
{"title":"Optimizing biomaterial inks: A study on the printability of Carboxymethyl cellulose-Laponite nanocomposite hydrogels and dental pulp stem cells bioprinting","authors":"Ingri Julieth Mancilla Corzo , Jessica Heline Lopes da Fonseca , Victor Ferman , Diego Noé Rodríguez Sánchez , Alexandre Leite Rodrigues de Oliveira , Marcos Akira d'Ávila","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tissue engineering approaches require biocompatible materials with precise pre-designed geometry, shape fidelity, and promote cellular functions. Addressing these requirements, our study focused on developing an optimized bioink formulation using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and Laponite hydrogels tailored for extrusion-based three-dimensional bioprinting. To this, we investigated the rheological properties and filament behavior before and during printing. As Laponite concentration increased in CMC solutions, it improved shear-thinning behavior, viscosity, and storage modulus, resulting in well-defined filament characteristics with lower diffusion rates, excellent shape fidelity, and robust printability. Thus, we achieved a suitable biomaterial ink formulation with concentrations of 1 wt% of CMC and 4 wt% of Laponite (1C4L). Subsequently, a statistical analysis guided us to select the optimal parameters for large-scale construct printing: a nozzle speed of 5 mm/s, a print distance of 0.41 mm, and an extrusion multiplier of 1.35. After that, we enhanced the structural integrity of printed hydrogels through ionic crosslinking with calcium chloride (CaCl<sub>2</sub>) and citric acid (CA), revealing higher-strength hydrogels at higher concentrations of CaCl<sub>2</sub>. Finally, we have confirmed the groundbreaking potential of our bioink by integrating dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPSC) into the 1C4L ink. Our bioprinted constructs showed optimized swelling, non-toxic effects, and retained excellent shape fidelity, crucial for creating anatomically accurate tissues. Our findings provide crucial insights linking the rheological analysis, the bioprinting process, and the biological properties of hydrogels, paving the way for their use for tissue engineering and other biomedical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article e00358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142270837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioprintingPub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00359
Larissa R. Lourenço , Roger Borges , Danilo Carastan , Mônica B. Mathor , Juliana Marchi
{"title":"Precision 3D printing of chitosan-bioactive glass inks: Rheological optimization for enhanced shape fidelity in tissue engineering scaffolds","authors":"Larissa R. Lourenço , Roger Borges , Danilo Carastan , Mônica B. Mathor , Juliana Marchi","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D printing technology in tissue engineering applications provides several advantages for scaffold development, especially with natural materials, such as chitosan, which provides a biomimetic environment for cellular growth. However, chitosan hydrogel-based inks still show poor printing fidelity. In this article, we overcame this challenge by incorporating bioactive glasses (BG) nanoparticles (up to 5 wt%) into the chitosan hydrogel. The resulting inks were characterized by rheological tests, while their processability was evaluated through measurements of shape fidelity. An indirect cytotoxicity assay was also conducted to evaluate the cell viability of the printed scaffolds. The results indicated that adding BG nanoparticles to the chitosan-based ink modified its rheological properties and improved its shape-fidelity during 3D printing, which we suggest are consequences of hydrogen bonds established between the glass and the chitosan chains. Also, cytotoxicity assessment demonstrated that the resulting scaffold exhibits high cell viability. In conclusion, the proposed composite ink has optimized rheological properties for 3D printing and is promising for applications in tissue engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article e00359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioprintingPub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00357
Swayam Aryam Behera, Binita Nanda, P. Ganga Raju Achary
{"title":"Recent advancements and challenges in 3D bioprinting for cancer applications","authors":"Swayam Aryam Behera, Binita Nanda, P. Ganga Raju Achary","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>3D bioprinting has emerged as a promising technology with transformative potential in cancer research and therapy. This review explores the innovative applications, challenges, and future directions of 3D bioprinting in the field of cancer. By recapitulating tumor microenvironments and heterogeneity, 3D bioprinted models offer valuable platforms for studying cancer biology, drug responses, and personalized medicine. The integration of 3D bioprinting with other cutting-edge technologies, such as organ-on-a-chip and microfluidics, has further enhanced the ability to replicate the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of tumors. The forthcoming paths include advancements in biomaterial engineering, bioprinting techniques, and interdisciplinary collaborations to overcome these challenges. Integration of 3D bioprinting into clinical practice holds promise for revolutionizing cancer diagnosis, treatment, and management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article e00357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142171977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioprintingPub Date : 2024-08-24DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00356
Ahmed Yaseen Alqutaibi , Mohammed Ahmed Alghauli , Marwan Hamed Awad Aljohani , Muhammad Sohail Zafar
{"title":"Advanced additive manufacturing in implant dentistry: 3D printing technologies, printable materials, current applications and future requirements","authors":"Ahmed Yaseen Alqutaibi , Mohammed Ahmed Alghauli , Marwan Hamed Awad Aljohani , Muhammad Sohail Zafar","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The utilization of 3D printing technologies is extensively pervasive across diverse sectors, including design, engineering, and manufacturing. These sophisticated manufacturing techniques depend on digitally designed models to autonomously construct 3D objects. With the growing interest in 3D printing within dentistry, specifically regarding dental implants, there has been a rapid dissemination of information pertaining to this domain and its applications. As a result, it has become crucial to conduct a comprehensive review on this topic. 3D printing technologies have played a pivotal role in oral implantology. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state and future needs of 3D printing in implant dentistry, covering technologies, printable materials, and applications in both the surgical and prosthodontic stages of dental implant therapy. Furthermore, it discusses considerations for choosing the appropriate 3D printing technology for specific dental applications. This comprehensive examination offers key insights into the progress, practical uses, and future prospects of 3D printing in dental implants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405886624000289/pdfft?md5=5604ceec5d3673820740d64f67eac60d&pid=1-s2.0-S2405886624000289-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioprintingPub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00355
Shadil Ibrahim Wani , Tanveer Ahmad Mir , Makoto Nakamura , Tomoshi Tsuchiya , Alaa Alzhrani , Shintaroh Iwanaga , Kenichi Arai , Eman A. Alshehri , Talal Shamma , Dalia A. Obeid , Raja Chinnappan , Abdullah M. Assiri , Ahmed Yaqinuddin , Yogesh K. Vashist , Dieter C. Broering
{"title":"A review of current state-of-the-art materiobiology and technological approaches for liver tissue engineering","authors":"Shadil Ibrahim Wani , Tanveer Ahmad Mir , Makoto Nakamura , Tomoshi Tsuchiya , Alaa Alzhrani , Shintaroh Iwanaga , Kenichi Arai , Eman A. Alshehri , Talal Shamma , Dalia A. Obeid , Raja Chinnappan , Abdullah M. Assiri , Ahmed Yaqinuddin , Yogesh K. Vashist , Dieter C. Broering","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chronic liver disease and related disorders are responsible for millions of deaths each year worldwide. In clinical practice, liver transplantation is recognized as an effective means of saving the lives of patients with severe complications. The shortage of organ donors has necessitated the development of bioengineered therapies that promote regeneration of the defective site and the creation of closely mimicking in vitro models for early prediction of disease states, hepatotoxicity testing, and accurate diagnostics. Despite tremendous research efforts, bioengineering of fully functional livers, detailed information on rare pathological mechanisms, and reliable bioartificial tissue-based therapies remain limited. On the other hand, 2D monolayer culture techniques are too simple to mimic and reproduce the functional characteristics of the liver accurately, its structural microenvironment, and the dynamic situation of cells in vivo. Therefore, tissue engineering-based 3D constructs outperform 2D culture systems. In this review, we provide insight into liver-related health complications, and the use of different cell types for tissue engineering. We also assess the current state of materiobiology and bioengineering technologies for fabricating 3D constructs. Afterward, we highlight the recent progress in liver tissue engineering, and outline the most relevant studies applying co-culture systems, spheroids, and organoid approaches, microfluidics, and 3D-bioprinting techniques. Finally, current dilemmas and possible future directions are explored.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioprintingPub Date : 2024-08-14DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00354
Debashish Gogoi , Manjesh Kumar , Jasvinder Singh
{"title":"Enhancing mechanical performance of solvent-cast 3D printed PCL composites: A comprehensive optimization approach","authors":"Debashish Gogoi , Manjesh Kumar , Jasvinder Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to enhance the mechanical properties of 3D-printed scaffolds by optimizing a composite of Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL), poly-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), and synthetic fluorapatite (FHAp) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The research targets the intricate relationships between PCL, PHB, and FHAp concentrations, crucial for achieving optimal tensile, compressive, and flexural strengths. The solvent-cast process successfully yielded FHAp-reinforced PCL composites, confirmed by XRD and FTIR spectra. The findings indicate that an optimal PHB content of over 15 % wt/v and PCL under 10 % wt/v significantly enhance tensile strength, achieving values up to 48 MPa. Compressive strength peaked at PHB concentrations of 13–16 % wt/v and PCL concentrations of 9–13 % wt/v, showcasing effective stress transmission, with the highest recorded value being 90 MPa. Flexural strength exceeded 100 MPa with lower concentrations of PCL and PHB, emphasizing the need for a balance of rigidity and flexibility. The study identifies the optimum composition for these mechanical properties at PCL 9.432 % wt/v, PHB 16.568 % wt/v, and FHAp 24.933 % wt/v, crucial for advanced biomedical implant applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141997553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioprintingPub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00353
Taha Jafari , Seyed Morteza Naghib , Mehdi Rahmanian , M.R. Mozafari
{"title":"3D printing of self-healing materials for drug delivery applications: Promises, advances and outlooks","authors":"Taha Jafari , Seyed Morteza Naghib , Mehdi Rahmanian , M.R. Mozafari","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article examines 3D-printed structures that have self-healing properties. Additive manufacturing, also known as additive printing or 3D printing, is a sophisticated and adaptable technology that enables rapid, on-demand manufacturing of solid items made through a construction process based on a virtual computer-aided design (CAD) model. A technique known as 3D printing (3DP) enables the rapid creation of complex geometric shapes with previously unimaginable precision and performance. However, the availability of tunable-quality materials, especially those developed for additive manufacturing, remains a barrier to the widespread use of 3DP technology. This may increase the lifetime and performance of structural elements and even enable the propagation of living tissues for use in biomedical applications, including organ printing. This study discusses and analyzes the most relevant findings from the recent publication of 3D printable and self-healing polymer materials, by providing a chemical and physical self-healing process that may be used in 3D printing, as well as drug production and drug delivery devices. Finally, a critical discussion of the current landscape and possible development scenarios will take place.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141993900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioprintingPub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00352
Giada Loi , Franca Scocozza , Laura Benedetti , Ferdinando Auricchio , Stefania Marconi , Elena Delgrosso , Gabriella Cusella , Gabriele Ceccarelli , Michele Conti
{"title":"Design, development, and benchmarking of a bioreactor integrated with 3D bioprinting: Application to skeletal muscle regeneration","authors":"Giada Loi , Franca Scocozza , Laura Benedetti , Ferdinando Auricchio , Stefania Marconi , Elena Delgrosso , Gabriella Cusella , Gabriele Ceccarelli , Michele Conti","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, great efforts have been spent to create engineered muscle constructs recapitulating the 3D architecture and applying external stimulations. In this regard, tissue engineering approaches could be very promising in regenerating skeletal muscle, in which bioprinting techniques have produced encouraging results especially regarding 3D architecture. Tensile stimuli showed a fundamental role in regulating the behavior of muscle cells both in terms of 3D organizations and protein expression. Despite this promising premise, the combination of 3D bioprinting and mechanical stimulation has been poorly investigated, calling for novel approaches dealing with the mechanical stimulation of the 3D bioprinted construct and the integration of the bioprinting phase into the stimulation device. To this aim, the present work proposes the design, manufacturing, and benchmarking of a bioprinting-integrated mechanical platform conceived for mechanically stimulating a 3D muscle model directly printed into the bioreactor to foster the integration of printing and stimulation. The study consists of three main steps: 1) the design, fabrication, and mechanical characterization of stretchable supports suitable for bioprinting and long-term cell culture; 2) the design, assisted by computational tools, and the fabrication of the smart Petri dish containing the stimulation mechanism and of the final cyclic mechanical platform; 3) the <em>in-vitro</em> validation of the proposed platform in terms of transmission of the mechanical stimulation to the 3D construct and the biological effect of dynamic culture on 3D bioprinted muscle cells. The results highlighted excellent viability and demonstrated that the external stimulus influences the murine myoblasts behavior already after 7 days of culture. In conclusion, prototypes are now available of a mechanical platform that integrates the 3D bioprinting and is capable of stimulating 3D biological constructs for applications in the field of muscle tissue engineering.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioprintingPub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00351
Christophe A. Marquette , Laura Chastagnier , Benjamin Da Sousa , Carlos Chocarro-Wrona , Edwin-Joffrey Courtial , Elea Rae , Céline Thomann , Albane Carre , Lucie Essayan , Ana J. Pasuch , Alizée Mosnier , Chloé Devillard , Emma Petiot , Lucas Lemarié , Eva-Laure Matera , Meigge Simoes , Charles Dumontet , Cristina Cuella Martin , Léa Pechtimaldjian , Eve-Isabelle Pécheur , Sarah Pragnère
{"title":"Unlocking the potential of bio-inspired bioinks: A collective breakthrough in mammalian tissue bioprinting","authors":"Christophe A. Marquette , Laura Chastagnier , Benjamin Da Sousa , Carlos Chocarro-Wrona , Edwin-Joffrey Courtial , Elea Rae , Céline Thomann , Albane Carre , Lucie Essayan , Ana J. Pasuch , Alizée Mosnier , Chloé Devillard , Emma Petiot , Lucas Lemarié , Eva-Laure Matera , Meigge Simoes , Charles Dumontet , Cristina Cuella Martin , Léa Pechtimaldjian , Eve-Isabelle Pécheur , Sarah Pragnère","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The composition of soft tissues in mammals can be simplified as approximately 60–65 % water, 16 % protein, 16 % fat, 1 % carbohydrate, and trillions of cells. This report brings together unpublished results from a collaborative efforts of 10 research groups over the past five years, all dedicated to producing mammalian tissues through extrusion-based bioprinting. What unified these studies was a common approach, with a shared bioink composition consisting of gelatin, alginate, and fibrinogen, and a post-printing consolidation strategy involving transglutaminase crosslinking, calcium chelation, and thrombin-mediated fibrin production. The range of Young’s moduli achievable was 0.17–105 kPa, perfectly align with of tissue properties.</p><p>By consolidating the findings of these studies, it was conclusively demonstrated that bioprinting and culturing all 19 cells tested from 14 different organs was indeed achievable. These remarkable outcomes were attributed not only to the bio-inspired nature of the common bioink but also to its unique rheological properties, such as significant shear-thinning and a sufficiently high static yield stress.</p><p>The majority of these cells exhibited behaviours consistent with their natural <em>in vivo</em> environments. Clearly identifiable microstructures and organizations showcased intricate morphogenesis mechanisms resulting in the formation of micro-tubules, micro-vessels, and micro-acini. It is now evident that microextrusion bioprinting, especially when using bio-inspired bioink formulations, represents a promising avenue for generating a wide range of mammalian soft tissues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article e00351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240588662400023X/pdfft?md5=99581dcb4a152ca6c03425cd2fc6864f&pid=1-s2.0-S240588662400023X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141541623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}