Bioprinting最新文献

{"title":"Anatomically accurate 3D printed prosthetic incus for ossicular chain reconstruction","authors":"Masoud Mohseni-Dargah ,&nbsp;Christopher Pastras ,&nbsp;Payal Mukherjee ,&nbsp;Kai Cheng ,&nbsp;Khosro Khajeh ,&nbsp;Mohsen Asadnia","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Middle ear disease often leads to ossicular erosion, impairing auditory function and frequently requiring ossicular chain reconstruction (OCR) for hearing restoration. Columella-type prostheses, commonly used in OCR, have shown limited success due to issues such as displacement and extrusion, highlighting the need for more effective solutions. This study introduces a 3D-printed prosthesis anatomically resembling the human incus bone, referred to as the titanium prosthetic incus, as a potential device for OCR. Utilising Finite Element Analysis (FEA), CT imaging, and 3D printing, the prosthesis was numerically evaluated, fabricated, and experimentally tested to assess its mechanical performance and anatomical fit. The prosthetic incus demonstrated ossicular vibration comparable to healthy control ears, effectively transmitting sound energy to the inner ear. The results revealed that the prosthetic incus offers superior sound transmission performance, particularly at low frequencies (below 1000 Hz), when compared to the PORP, with similar performance at higher frequencies. Additionally, the prosthetic incus has the potential to improve overall stability over traditional PORP devices, with a reduced risk of displacement due to its precise anatomical fitting. This study also suggests that the approach of contralateral imaging and individualised 3D printing enhances the customisation and accuracy of OCR procedures, potentially reducing operative time and improving long-term outcomes. Furthermore, the cost-effective nature of 3D printing makes this solution both clinically viable and scalable. This innovative technique holds promise for advancing OCR by providing a durable, patient-specific prosthetic option that enhances sound transmission and surgical success rates for patients with middle ear ossicular erosion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article e00393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved alginate bio-ink by recombinant self-assembled cell-sized spider-silk inspired-biopolymer","authors":"Dean Robinson ,&nbsp;Miriam Gubelbank ,&nbsp;Ella Sklan ,&nbsp;Tali Tavor Re'em","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alginate is a natural linear polysaccharide polymer that is extracted from brown seaweed. It is extensively used due to its biocompatibility, ease of handling in aqueous environments, and relatively low cost. Alginate easily forms a hydrogel when crosslinked with a bivalent ion such as calcium. However, alginate hydrogel exhibits low mechanical strength and is cell-inert, having no cell-matrix interactions. To address these limitations and enhance alginate's utility as a bioink for bioprinting, we developed a novel alginate matrix combined with spider- silk, known for its exceptional resilience, elasticity, and strength, as well as its capacity to facilitate cell attachment. The unique recombinant spider-silk biopolymer used in our study (SVX), is synthetically produced, and self-assembles into water-insoluble cell-sized particles that are limited by the cell size in the expression system. These are characterized by a sponge-like structure, and are both biocompatible and non-immunogenic.</div><div>Incorporating synthetic spider-silk into alginate significantly increased the hydrogel's viscosity and compression resilience compared to alginate alone. SVX-enriched alginate exhibited superior printability, characterized by a lower spreading ratio at reduced pressures that is favorable for cell printing. The SVX-enriched alginate also demonstrated higher consistency in spreading ratios across a range of setup conditions. Bioprinting of cells within the SVX-enriched alginate bioink resulted in more homogenous cultures with prolonged and higher cell viability, compared to the larger, more condensed spheroids with lower cell viability observed in alginate bioprinted constructs. These enhanced cell cultures in the SVX-enriched constructs can be attributed to the improved stability of the constructs as well as spider-silk-mediated cell adherence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article e00387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An alginate-cellulose based bioink mimics the viscoelastic features of the melanoma microenvironment and its influence on cell cycle and invasion","authors":"Carolin Eckert ,&nbsp;Sonja Schmidt ,&nbsp;Jessica Faber ,&nbsp;Rainer Detsch ,&nbsp;Martin Vielreicher ,&nbsp;Zan Lamberger ,&nbsp;Philipp Stahlhut ,&nbsp;Evelin Sandor ,&nbsp;Tannaz Karimi ,&nbsp;Rafael Schmid ,&nbsp;Andreas Arkudas ,&nbsp;Oliver Friedrich ,&nbsp;Silvia Budday ,&nbsp;Gregor Lang ,&nbsp;Annika Kengelbach-Weigand ,&nbsp;Anja Bosserhoff","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Melanoma, an aggressive tumor from melanocytes, poses challenges despite recent therapeutic advances. Understanding molecular changes in its progression is crucial. Melanoma cells develop in the epidermis, then start spreading into the dermis– the first step of the invasive, progressive process. The dermis is composed of elastic (proteoglycans) and stabilizing (collagens) molecules. To overcome limitations of 2D-cell culture models, we established a 3D-bio-printed dermis model for the analysis of tumor cell features using a blend of alginate and microfibrillar cellulose. Testing different compositions in extrusion-based bioprinting confirmed good printability with high cell viability for AlgCell ink. Mechanical and optical analyses revealed dermis-like viscoelasticity and a pore size allowing nutrition supply and cell movement. We evaluated survival and proliferation of the cells and printed tumor spheroids and determined different migratory behavior comparing alginate to AlgCell. Interestingly, multiphoton microscopy revealed random cellulose fiber distribution around the spheroids after 7 days of cultivation with individual single cells, which had left the tumor spheroid and invaded into the microenvironment. Traditional 2D-models inadequately capture 3D mechanisms like invasion and migration. Our 3D-tumor model mimics the microenvironment, enabling in-depth analyses akin to <em>in vivo</em> conditions. This promises insights into tumor progression and testing of therapeutic interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article e00384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D bioprinting of natural materials and their AI-Enhanced printability: A review","authors":"Soumaya Grira ,&nbsp;Mohammad Sayem Mozumder ,&nbsp;Abdel-Hamid I. Mourad ,&nbsp;Mohamad Ramadan ,&nbsp;Hadil Abu Khalifeh ,&nbsp;Mohammad Alkhedher","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A wide array of biomaterials including proteins, polysaccharides, and other polymers are used to fabricate green 3D printing inks suitable for use in the fields of biotechnology, water treatment, food and agriculture, energy, and bioplastics. Although green materials are sustainable and have many favorable properties, each material has its own limitations. The main focus of this paper is to review the currently available 3D printing biomaterials that can be obtained from natural sources and investigate the artificial intelligence (AI) assisted approaches that can be used to enhance their printability and accelerate their development. Results reveal that above 20 natural materials can be used in 3D printing inks, and their properties vary widely making their development slow and case-dependent. To speed up this process, this study highlights the significance of AI-assisted enhancement techniques and proves that AI can be used in three main aspects of biomaterial development for 3D bioprinting; material property prediction, smart material selection, and printing parameter optimization. It discusses the AI-based systems that have the potential to accelerate the development of 3D printing biomaterials and concludes that these methods are indeed promising but should be further tested, verified, and compared before they are incorporated into the industry. The importance of this study lies in integrating advanced AI systems with sustainable natural materials to leverage their inherent properties and utilize them in various applications for a greener future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article e00385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of auxetic structures in orthopaedics: A scoping review","authors":"Teresa Marotta,&nbsp;Mihaela Vlasea,&nbsp;Stewart McLachlin","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Auxetic structures, meta-materials with a negative Poisson's ratio, exhibit unique mechanical behaviour, but there is currently limited use and understanding of how to leverage these structures in orthopaedics.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This review aimed to systematically identify applications of auxetic structures within orthopaedics, particularly focusing on the rationale for using auxetic materials, the use of design for additive manufacturing to produce auxetic structures, and performance testing methods. Using a scoping review framework, trends and future directions in these areas were explored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following the Arksey and O'Malley guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses - Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist, a literature search was performed using Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest – Materials Science and Engineering databases, and Springer Link. Data was analyzed by content analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>285 articles were identified, and 31 articles met the inclusion criteria. The areas of orthopaedic applications included structural implants (n = 18), tissue scaffolds (n = 10) and external bracing (n = 3).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The application of auxetic structures for orthopaedics is a growing field of interest and can potentially revolutionize the future of orthopaedic devices. However, further work investigating additional design for additive manufacturing techniques and performance testing methods is required to address the current limitations and advance the clinical translation of auxetic structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e00375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface modification of 3D-printed polycaprolactone-human decellularized bone matrix composite scaffold by plasma for bone tissue engineering","authors":"Hekmat Farajpour,&nbsp;Masoud Ghorbani,&nbsp;Mehrdad Moosazadeh Moghaddam,&nbsp;Vahabodin Goodarzi","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bone tissue engineering is a revolutionary field focused on creating viable bone substitutes using advanced materials and techniques. Utilizing 3D printing, precise and customizable bone scaffolds can be produced. A notable composite material in this domain is a composite of polycaprolactone (PCL) and human decellularized bone matrix (hDBM), which combines synthetic and natural elements for enhanced functionality. To further improve cell attachment and growth, cold plasma surface modification is employed, optimizing scaffold surfaces. These innovations collectively hold great potential for improving bone repair and regeneration outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Scaffold architecture was designed through CAD software, and the composite of PCL and hDBM was printed using FDM technology. Surface modification was achieved by exposing the scaffolds to Argon-Oxygen (Ar-O₂) plasma radiation for 1 and 3 min. Both treated and untreated scaffolds were characterized, including measurements of surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and cellular activity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Almost all groups showed non-toxic effect on cellular behavior during cell culture. Plasma-treated scaffolds showed a significant increase in surface roughness, with roughness values (Ra) increasing from 10.45 nm (untreated) to 62.75 nm after 3 min of plasma exposure. Contact angle measurements decreased from approximately 66.5° in untreated scaffolds to 31.4° in those treated for 3 min, indicating enhanced hydrophilicity. Plasma-treated scaffolds demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility, significantly enhancing cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization compared to untreated scaffolds. After 7 days, scaffolds treated for 1 and 3 min showed 35 % and 60 % increases in cell proliferation, respectively, highlighting the role of plasma treatment in creating a bioactive surface conducive to cell adhesion, growth, and improved osteogenic properties, with longer exposure times further amplifying these effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The current study demonstrates the efficacy of Ar + O₂ plasma treatment in enhancing the surface properties of PCL-hDBM scaffolds, making them more conducive to osteogenesis. This study suggests that plasma-treated PCL-hDBM scaffolds are a promising option for bone tissue engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e00378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in high-resolution 3D bioprinting: Exploring technological trends, bioinks and achieved resolutions","authors":"Luca Guida,&nbsp;Marco Cavallaro,&nbsp;Marinella Levi","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D bioprinting is a rapidly evolving field that has seen significant advancements in technologies, materials, and strategies. It enables the production of living tissues and complex biological structures, offering great potential for regenerative medicine, drug testing, and personalized medical treatments.</div><div>Notable progress has been done, particularly in developing materials that mimic the physiological environment and promote tissue growth. However, much work is still needed to fabricate complex, large-scale, heterocellular constructs. High-resolution printing and technological development are crucial to this goal.</div><div>Despite the significance of this topic, the literature lacks comprehensive reviews focused on analyzing the achieved resolution and metrics for its quantification in bioprinting. Additionally, no previous work examines all the most relevant technologies, critically highlighting technological advantages such as resolution and identifying limitations like the characteristic dimensions of constructs.</div><div>This review examines various aspects of 3D bioprinting, focusing on the most commonly used technologies, including Extrusion-Based Bioprinting, Vat Photopolymerization, Inkjet, Laser-Induced Forward Transfer, and Two-Photon Polymerization. Additionally, it examines the biomaterials and crosslinking strategies compatible with each of these technologies.</div><div>The primary focus is on the importance of resolution characterization, assessing technical advantages, and summarizing common metrics from the literature. The review evaluates the resolutions achieved across different bioprinting methods, correlating such data with the applicability and limitations of each technology, as resolution alone is not sufficient for producing functional structures. Some strategies to overcome typical resolution limits of some technologies have been reported.</div><div>In doing so, the focus is kept on works aimed at biological patterning and producing scaffolds for tissue engineering, therefore involving the use of live cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e00376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"4D printing in dynamic and adaptive bone implants: Progress in bone tissue engineering","authors":"Aayush Prakash ,&nbsp;Rishabha Malviya ,&nbsp;Sathvik Belagodu Sridhar ,&nbsp;Javedh Shareef","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence of 4D printing has revolutionised tissue engineering technology by integrating dynamic and adaptive properties to previously static 3D-printed structures. This advancement is particularly noteworthy in the domain of bone tissue engineering (BTE), where accurate replication of the dynamics of real bone is essential for complex tissue structures. The article investigates the utilization of 4D printing techniques in the field of BTE, with a specific focus on the incorporation of stimuli-responsive materials, shape-memory scaffolds, and bio-inks to facilitate the fabrication of dynamic bone implants. The use of stimuli-responsive hydrogels, shape-memory polymers, and sophisticated bio-fabrication methods enables the creation of bone tissue structures capable of self-remodeling and adapting after being implanted. These structures have demonstrated potential in the personalized correction of bone defects and the possibility for the extensive deployment of bone graft replacements. The implementation of 4D printing in BTE is a notable breakthrough that opens novel opportunities for customized and dynamic bone implants. Additional research and development are necessary to overcome the existing constraints, namely in attaining reliable functional changes and guaranteeing the scalability of these technologies for clinical use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e00373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust design methodologies to engineer multimaterial and multiscale bioprinters","authors":"Amedeo Franco Bonatti ,&nbsp;Elisa Batoni ,&nbsp;Gabriele Maria Fortunato ,&nbsp;Chiara Vitale-Brovarone ,&nbsp;Giovanni Vozzi ,&nbsp;Carmelo De Maria","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Commonly used bioprinting technologies (e.g., material extrusion, material jetting) enable the fabrication of complex, multimaterial and multiscale scaffolds with controlled properties for tissue engineering applications. This enables the fabrication of scaffolds that more accurately replicate the structure of natural tissues. Despite the availability of commercial bioprinters, their high cost and lack of customization have driven researchers to modify existing devices or create entirely new platforms. Among all the available examples in literature, there is a strong need for more modular systems which are robustly designed taking into consideration the specific needs of bioprinting. In this context, the aim of this work is to introduce robust engineering methodologies to design and fabricate custom hardware and software for multimaterial and multiscale bioprinting. Firstly, we will identify the main design requirements that should be considered for a bioprinter (e.g., encumbrance, positioning resolution). Based on these requirements, we will then propose an analysis of the key building blocks of a bioprinter, including hardware (i.e., positioning system, toolheads, additional modules for extended functionalities), electronics (i.e., power supply, control boards), and software, introducing for each one the main concepts and equations for its optimal design. Throughout the work, we will use a customized bioprinting platform (namely, the BOOST bioprinter) as an example of the application of the proposed methodologies. Finally, we will present a validation of the methodologies and the bioprinter by fabricating high quality scaffolds through the combination of material extrusion and material jetting. The firmware developed during this work is available online as a support for developing more robust customized bioprinters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e00372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D bioprinting of multicellular tumor spheroids in photocrosslinkable hyaluronan-gelatin for engineering pancreatic cancer microenvironment","authors":"Pei-Syuan Yang ,&nbsp;Yi Liu ,&nbsp;Shiue-Cheng Tang ,&nbsp;Yu-Wen Tien ,&nbsp;Shan-hui Hsu","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D bioprinting can be utilized to fabricate cancer-like tissue that models complex interactions within the cancer microenvironment. In human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), these interactions involve the extracellular matrix (ECM), cancer cells, and pancreatic stellate cells. Hyaluronan (HA) is a major component of ECM supporting tumor progression and chemoresistance in PDAC. In the current study, an <em>in vitro</em> PDAC-like tissue platform was developed by embedding multicellular pancreatic tumor-like spheroids within a novel 3D bioprinting HA-gelatin photocrosslinked hydrogel (GHP). This optimized GHP bioink (7 wt% gelatin and 0.2 wt% phenolic HA) achieved a modulus (∼5.46 kPa) closely resembling that of clinical PDAC tissue, with a dense and uniform structure superior to gelatin-only hydrogel (GN). The bioprinted 3D tumor-like spheroids within GHP exhibited distinct invasive and metastatic behavior, along with up-regulated expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. Furthermore, gene expression analysis also revealed a ∼290-fold increase in CD44 gene and a 7.3-fold rise in S100A9 (a novel pancreatic cancer biomarker for early diagnosis). These tumor-like spheroids within 3D-bioprinted GHP constructs further demonstrated substantial chemoresistance, maintaining remarkable 98.5 % viability after 48 h of exposure to a Gemcitabine and Abraxane combination, in contrast to significantly lower resistance observed in spheroids alone or co-cultured monolayers. An in-depth investigation of HA distribution within the 3D-bioprinted PDAC-like construct revealed a pattern consistent with clinical PDAC, indicating enhanced malignancy and potential tumor reprogramming. This 3D-bioprinted PDAC model holds significant potential for advancing pancreatic cancer research and preclinical drug testing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e00374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143140837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}