Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics最新文献_第4页

Safety and Efficacy of Oral Azithromycin for Gastrointestinal Dysmotility in Pediatric Patients. 口服阿奇霉素治疗小儿胃肠运动障碍的安全性和有效性。

Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-08 DOI: 10.5863/JPPT-25-00064

Christopher Brunstetter, Norman E Fenn

{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of Oral Azithromycin for Gastrointestinal Dysmotility in Pediatric Patients.","authors":"Christopher Brunstetter, Norman E Fenn","doi":"10.5863/JPPT-25-00064","DOIUrl":"10.5863/JPPT-25-00064","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Pediatric patients with gastrointestinal (GI) dysmotility have limited pharmacologic options due to questionable efficacy and/or safety profiles. The primary objective of this study was to assess the safety of azithromycin in pediatric patients for GI dysmotility. The secondary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of azithromycin in treating GI dysmotility in pediatric patients.Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted from October 1, 2019, to September 30, 2023. Pediatric patients (18 years and younger) who received azithromycin specifically for GI dysmotility were included in the study. Safety endpoints assessed included description of known common and serious adverse events (ADEs) for azithromycin and corrected QT (QTc) interval exceeding 450 milliseconds (ms) using an electrocardiogram. Demographics, indications, dosing regimens, electrocardiographic data, treatment duration, clinical outcomes, and ADEs were assessed.Results: Forty-three patients met inclusion criteria. The cohort was predominantly composed of infants (0-2 years, 55.8%) and female (53.5%). Baseline electrocardiograms were conducted in 41.9% of patients, one of whom had a QTc interval exceeding 450 milliseconds. Median azithromycin dosing was 3 mg/kg/day with a maximum single dose of 300 mg. Treatment duration ranged from 7 days to over 4 years with a median of 56 days. ADEs were described in six patients and were minor in nature with most occurring within two weeks of therapy initiation. Symptom improvement was documented in 18 patients (41.9%).Conclusions: Oral azithromycin may represent a safe and viable option in pediatric patients with GI dysmotility.","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 3","pages":"407-412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13245381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148212817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Work That Changed Me: My Story of Growing Up and Overcoming Growing Pains Through Pediatric Pharmacy. 改变我的工作：我的成长故事，并通过儿科药房克服成长的痛苦。

Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-08 DOI: 10.5863/JPPT-26-00108

Peter N Johnson

引用次数: 0

Sweet or Salty: Comparing Dextrose and Sodium Acetate Umbilical Arterial Catheter Fluids. 甜或咸：比较葡萄糖和醋酸钠脐动脉导管液体。

Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-08 DOI: 10.5863/JPPT-25-00071

Rachel Qian, Purnahamsi V Desai, Aashish Shah, Joanna Tracy, Ferras Bashqoy

{"title":"Sweet or Salty: Comparing Dextrose and Sodium Acetate Umbilical Arterial Catheter Fluids.","authors":"Rachel Qian, Purnahamsi V Desai, Aashish Shah, Joanna Tracy, Ferras Bashqoy","doi":"10.5863/JPPT-25-00071","DOIUrl":"10.5863/JPPT-25-00071","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate safety and clinical benefit of sodium acetate umbilical arterial catheter (UAC) fluid in neonates.Methods: This single-center, retrospective cohort study included neonates receiving dextrose 5% or sodium acetate 77 mEq/L heparinized fluid for UAC patency. The primary outcome was the potential number of capillary heel sticks avoided. Secondary outcomes included hypernatremia, intraventricular hemorrhage, metabolic acidosis, acute kidney injury, chronic lung disease, and parenteral nutrition optimization. Subgroup analysis was performed for patients undergoing therapeutic hypothermia and preterm infants.Results: There were 202 patients (dextrose n = 100; sodium acetate n = 102) included. The sodium acetate group demonstrated a greater number of potential heel sticks avoided per UAC line day (0 vs 2.2; p < 0.001). Despite a higher incidence of hypernatremia (sodium > 145 mEq/L) with sodium acetate, hypernatremia with sodium > 150 mEq/L were not significant between groups and there were no significant differences in other clinical outcomes.Conclusions: Using sodium acetate for UAC patency is safe and may decrease the number of painful capillary heel sticks.","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 3","pages":"390-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13245407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148212819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Case of Prolonged Serotonin Toxicity After Fluoxetine Ingestion in an Adolescent Patient. 青少年患者摄入氟西汀后血清素毒性延长1例。

Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-08 DOI: 10.5863/JPPT-25-00049

Merritt Tuttle, Madison Allen, Austin Cummings, Jillian Theobald

{"title":"A Case of Prolonged Serotonin Toxicity After Fluoxetine Ingestion in an Adolescent Patient.","authors":"Merritt Tuttle, Madison Allen, Austin Cummings, Jillian Theobald","doi":"10.5863/JPPT-25-00049","DOIUrl":"10.5863/JPPT-25-00049","url":null,"abstract":"Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), indicated for many disorders, have nuanced pharmacology. Half-lives of fluoxetine and its active metabolite, norfluoxetine, are 7 days and up to 17.5 days, respectively. Norfluoxetine inhibits CYP2D6, which metabolizes fluoxetine. A single substance ingestion could cause prolonged serotonin toxicity. CYP2D6 genotyping may identify patients at increased risk. In fluoxetine overdose, clinicians can expect prolonged hospitalization requiring aggressive sedation as in this case. A 16-year-old female with anxiety, depression, and headaches on no prescribed medications presented to emergency care after ingesting fluoxetine, benztropine, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), gabapentin, omeprazole, and atorvastatin. She was intubated, sedated with propofol and fentanyl, and transported to higher-level care. In the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), she had examination findings suggestive of serotonin toxicity. She was extubated hospital day (HD) 2 but required sedation for persistent agitation. Her mental status improved 24 hours after receiving cyproheptadine HD8, but she remained hyperthermic until HD10. She was externally cooled for maximum temperature 40.1°C. Peak creatine kinase level was 827 international units/L (reference, 27-140 units/L). Fluoxetine and norfluoxetine concentrations obtained HD8 were 350 ng/mL and 280 ng/mL (therapeutic steady-state range, 72-258 ng/mL for norfluoxetine and 91-302 ng/mL for fluoxetine). CYP2D6 metabolizer phenotype was normal. The patient was discharged home at neurologic baseline HD19.","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 3","pages":"427-431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13245410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148212775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Commentary on "Examining the Evidence Around Acetaminophen and Autism Risk". 评论“检查对乙酰氨基酚和自闭症风险的证据”。

Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-08 DOI: 10.5863/JPPT-26-X0111

Kate Myers, Gregory L Kearns

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Enteral Baclofen Prescribing Practices for Infants With Hypertonia. 评估肠内巴氯芬处方做法与高渗婴儿。

Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-08 DOI: 10.5863/JPPT-25-00052

Hope E DiTaranto, Astrela Moore, Rebecca Kendsersky, Jessica Zook, Elana Katz, Sarah H Evans, J Michael King

{"title":"Assessment of Enteral Baclofen Prescribing Practices for Infants With Hypertonia.","authors":"Hope E DiTaranto, Astrela Moore, Rebecca Kendsersky, Jessica Zook, Elana Katz, Sarah H Evans, J Michael King","doi":"10.5863/JPPT-25-00052","DOIUrl":"10.5863/JPPT-25-00052","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Baclofen is used for hypertonia in infants despite limited dosing guidance. This study describes enteral baclofen prescribing in patients 12 months of age and younger.Methods: This single-center, retrospective review evaluated infants receiving enteral baclofen from January 2013 to December 2022. Regimen information, including dose, frequency, age, weight, and duration of treatment for up to 1 year following initiation, was assessed. Other outcomes included place in therapy, safety, and tolerability.Results: This study included 108 patients with 423 total regimens. At initiation, the median baclofen dose was 1.3 mg, corresponding to a weight-based dose (WBD) of 0.2 mg/kg, a total daily dose (TDD) of 3 mg, and a weight-based total daily dose (wTDD) of 0.5 mg/kg/day. Sixty-one patients (56.5%) received baclofen 3 times daily at initiation. The patients' longest-tolerated regimen had a median dose of 2.8 mg, corresponding to a WBD of 0.4 mg/kg, a TDD of 9 mg, and a wTDD of 1.3 mg/kg/day. Hypoxemic-ischemic encephalopathy and brain injury were the most common etiologies of hypertonia. Baclofen was the first antispastic agent for 37 patients (34.3%). Twenty-four patients (22.2%) discontinued baclofen within 1 year. Four patients (3.7%) stopped baclofen due to adverse effects (sedation and emesis).Conclusions: The median initiation dose of baclofen in infants was lower than the recommended dose for patients aged younger than 2 years, highlighting variability in practice. The baclofen regimens used in this study were safe and well-tolerated. These findings provide insight into baclofen prescribing for infants with hypertonia.","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 3","pages":"372-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13245406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148212794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of the Pediatric Pharmacist in Precision Medicine and Clinical Pharmacogenomics for Children. 儿科药师在儿童精准医学和临床药物基因组学中的作用。

Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-08 DOI: 10.5863/JPPT-25-00118

Kelsey J Cook, Benjamin Q Duong, Hyun Kim, Nathan Lamb, Jenny Q Nguyen

{"title":"The Role of the Pediatric Pharmacist in Precision Medicine and Clinical Pharmacogenomics for Children.","authors":"Kelsey J Cook, Benjamin Q Duong, Hyun Kim, Nathan Lamb, Jenny Q Nguyen","doi":"10.5863/JPPT-25-00118","DOIUrl":"10.5863/JPPT-25-00118","url":null,"abstract":"For years, pharmacogenomics (PGx) has been transitioning from the laboratory to patient care. Utilization of PGx data in patient care is greater than ever, with over 80 institutions in the United States offering PGx services, including at least 12 in pediatric patient populations. There are over 300 drug products with PGx information in their labeling; many of which are commonly used in pediatric populations. Additionally, the increased use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has led to increased availability of PGx data. Because PGx testing can provide patient-specific predictors for drug response, pharmacists are well positioned to assume a leadership role in PGx testing, clinical interpretation of results, and recommendations for individualization of drug therapy. Opportunities for pharmacists exist in both inpatient and outpatient settings, such as pharmacist-managed clinical PGx consultation services and educating patients about PGx testing. Given the potential for genetic and age-dependent factors to influence drug selection and dosing, pediatric pharmacists should be involved in the development of dosing recommendations and interprofessional practice guidelines regarding PGx testing in pediatric patients. Opportunities to become knowledgeable and competent in PGx extend from coursework as part of the pharmacy curriculum to postgraduate education (e.g., residencies, fellowship, continuing education). The Pediatric Pharmacy Association (PPA) acknowledges a need for pediatric pharmacists to have a working knowledge of PGx and recognizes the importance of PGx education for both students and practicing pharmacists with consideration for infants and children. This group also supports the need to have a subset of pharmacists specially trained in PGx with a pediatric focus.","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 3","pages":"437-443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13245412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148212801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome: 2 Years Later…Where Are We NOWS? 新生儿阿片类药物戒断综合征：2年后……我们现在在哪里？

Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-08 DOI: 10.5863/JPPT-26-00110

Morgan C Sanders-Preziosi, Parvesh M Garg, Ricardo J Rodriguez

引用次数: 0

Medication Barriers and Challenges Experienced/Perceived by Caregivers in Pediatric Medication Management: A Scoping Review. 儿童用药管理中护理人员经历/感知的用药障碍和挑战：范围综述。

Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-13 DOI: 10.5863/JPPT-25-00055

Anmol Toor, Tapanga Brooks, Andrea W Tang

{"title":"Medication Barriers and Challenges Experienced/Perceived by Caregivers in Pediatric Medication Management: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Anmol Toor, Tapanga Brooks, Andrea W Tang","doi":"10.5863/JPPT-25-00055","DOIUrl":"10.5863/JPPT-25-00055","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this scoping review was to identify the challenges and barriers non-professional caregivers such as parents, experience/perceive when managing the medications for pediatric patients with chronic disease states in an outpatient setting. Embase and Ovid Medline databases were searched for articles published from inception to May 18, 2024. The search was limited to English language articles. Studies conducted in countries with a developing or transitioning economy, or those based in an institutional setting were excluded. This review was conducted as per the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis scoping review methodology and adhered to the PRISMA-SCr 2020 Checklist. Evidence selection and data extraction was completed independently by 2 reviewers (AT and TB) and then combined. Medication barriers were identified, grouped and themed using thematic analysis. Eight articles were included in this review. After extraction, 20 medication barriers were identified and themed into the following categories: drug factors, drug burden/regimen, access to medications, caregiver factors, child factors, health care system challenges, and fear and stigma. Drug factor medication barriers were highly endorsed by non-professional caregivers (25% of total barriers), followed by caregiver factors (20% of total barriers). To increase the likelihood of pediatric medication administration success, research focused on improving these barriers should be identified, especially those related to drug formulation and caregiver medication knowledge and forgetfulness.","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 2","pages":"184-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13075348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147692836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Administration of Intravenous Ferric Carboxymaltose in a Patient With Iron-Deficiency Anemia and Allergy to 2 Oral Iron Preparations. 静脉注射羧麦芽糖铁治疗缺铁性贫血并对2种口服铁制剂过敏的患者。

Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-13 DOI: 10.5863/JPPT-26-00105

Jordan Wallace, Adriana Trabal

{"title":"Administration of Intravenous Ferric Carboxymaltose in a Patient With Iron-Deficiency Anemia and Allergy to 2 Oral Iron Preparations.","authors":"Jordan Wallace, Adriana Trabal","doi":"10.5863/JPPT-26-00105","DOIUrl":"10.5863/JPPT-26-00105","url":null,"abstract":"Iron deficiency is a common occurrence in the pediatric population, often leading to the development of anemia. The first line of treatment is oral iron administration for the resolution of anemia and replenishment of iron stores. Although rare, patients may present with allergic reactions to iron, which can limit treatment modalities. We present the case of a 14-month-old boy who presented with iron-deficiency anemia and demonstrated allergy to 2 oral iron formulations. Our institution developed a treatment plan that includes adding premedications and slowly titrating of the infusion rate for the administration of intravenous iron. The patient successfully tolerated 2 infusions without developing allergic reactions and experienced resolution of his iron-deficiency anemia. When patients with iron-deficiency anemia are allergic to oral iron formulations, their treatment options are limited. There are a few reports of effective desensitizations with intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in pediatric patients. Our successful experience may help guide other institutions with similar patients.","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 2","pages":"266-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13075392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147692847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0