Allergo Journal International最新文献

{"title":"Orchestration of inflammation in contact allergy by innate immune and cellular stress responses","authors":"Stefan F. Martin,&nbsp;Anne-Catherine Rühl-Muth,&nbsp;Philipp R. Esser","doi":"10.1007/s40629-023-00275-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-023-00275-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Inflammation is central to the initiation of immune responses and to the pathogenesis of many diseases such as allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). ACD is an inflammatory skin disease caused by low molecular weight organic chemicals and metal ions. The immune system plays a decisive role. After protein binding, the triggering chemicals act as contact allergens that are recognized by specific T cells. Before this can happen, however, the chemicals must trigger inflammation in the skin, without which the adaptive immune system in particular is not activated.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>In recent years, the inflammatory mechanisms of contact allergy have been studied at the cellular and molecular level in vivo and in vitro.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Contact allergens activate the innate immune system and additionally cellular stress responses, which in interaction are responsible for skin inflammation. In this context, inflammation is required for both initial sensitization and elicitation of ACD.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Skin inflammation in ACD is orchestrated by the interplay of the innate immune system and cellular stress responses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"33 2","pages":"41 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-023-00275-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135290913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hives but no urticaria—what could it be?","authors":"Mathias Sulk,&nbsp;Carolin C. Albers,&nbsp;Maria Wulf,&nbsp;Stephan A. Braun,&nbsp;Christoph M. Hammers,&nbsp;Guido Heine","doi":"10.1007/s40629-023-00274-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-023-00274-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Urticaria is a common inflammatory dermatosis characterized by transient, usually intensely itching wheals mediated by mast cells. Urticarial lesions can also be mimicked by other skin diseases. Differential diagnoses of urticaria should be considered if the single urticarial skin lesion persists for more than 24 h, if hyperpigmentation, scaling, or blistering occurs, if the lesions are not itching, or if fever or arthralgias are reported. In these cases, histologic examination and thorough serologic diagnostic may help to differentiate other dermatoses, such as vasculitis, autoimmune bullous skin diseases, drug reactions, or autoinflammatory syndromes. This article summarizes common differential diagnoses of urticaria.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"32 8","pages":"309 - 317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-023-00274-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134795495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-occupational epoxy resin allergy","authors":"Johannes Geier","doi":"10.1007/s40629-023-00273-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-023-00273-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Sensitization to epoxy resin is mostly acquired occupationally, with those employed in the construction industry being particularly affected. Cases of non-occupational epoxy resin allergy are observed less frequently. In the literature, an association between epoxy resin allergy and fragrance allergy is postulated.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Analysis of corresponding data from the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK); literature review.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In the IVDK 2013–2022, the rate of positive reactions to epoxy resin in patients with occupational dermatitis (OD) was 2.4–4.0%, in patients without OD 0.8–1.5%. Accompanying reactions to reactive diluents and hardeners prove an exposure to epoxy resins also in patients without OD. Patients sensitized to epoxy resin have an increased risk of reactions to other baseline series allergens. Case reports of non-occupational epoxy resin allergy concern work with casting resins. However, epoxy resin exposure is also possible, for example, from three-dimensional (3D) printing finishes or products for hoof repair in horses.</p><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Non-occupational epoxy resin allergy may be acquired not only from do-it-yourself activities in the narrow sense, which should be considered when taking the medical history. The association between epoxy resin and fragrance allergy does not go beyond the general level of associations between contact allergies with each other.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"33 2","pages":"49 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136104145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic spontaneous urticaria—status quo and future","authors":"Susanne Melchers,&nbsp; Jan P. Nicolay","doi":"10.1007/s40629-023-00272-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-023-00272-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CsU) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis whose etiology is not yet fully understood. In affected patients, it is often associated with a high limitation of health-related quality of life, which necessitates effective therapeutic management. Different immune cell populations such as mast cells, eosinophilic and basophilic granulocytes, and T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of CsU, whereby mast cells playing a key role. In addition, type I autoallergic reactions with auto IgE antibodies or type IIb autoimmune reactions with auto IgG antibodies have been identified in a proportion of patients. The current international guideline initially recommends the use of second-generation H1 antihistamines, first in standard, then in off-label quadruple dosing. Subsequently, the anti-IgE antibody omalizumab should be added. However, this therapy algorithm does not lead to freedom from manifestations in all patients. Therefore, various targeted therapies are currently being evaluated for their efficacy in CsU, such as off-label use of the anti-interleukin receptor alpha (IL4Rα) antibody dupilumab, the anti-IL-17A antibody secukinumab, or interleukin‑5 blockade using mepolizumab, reslizumab, or benralizumab. In addition, new promising compounds such as the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors remibrutinib and fenebrutinib, the anti-cKIT antibody barzolvolimab, the anti-SIGLEC8 antibody lirentelimab, the anti-TSLP antibody tezepelumab, the anti-C5aR1 antibody advoralimab, or the topical application of Syk kinase inhibitors are being tested, which were developed according to new insights into the pathogenesis of CsU. The BTK inhibitor fenebrutinib is currently not being pursued due to a less favorable side effect profile compared to remibrutinib, as well as the anti-IgE antibody ligelizumab, which was inferior to omalizumab therapy in a phase 3 study. Overall, there is a high need for new therapeutic strategies to better treat CsU both symptomatically and curatively. This requires a more comprehensive understanding of pathogenesis of the disease in order to develop new targeted therapies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"32 8","pages":"326 - 336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-023-00272-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134795948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclophilins and gibberellin-regulated proteins in IgE-mediated allergic diseases","authors":"Ekaterina Potapova,&nbsp; Hélène Sénéchal PhD,&nbsp; Enrico Scala,&nbsp; Paolo Maria Matricardi,&nbsp; Pascal Poncet PhD","doi":"10.1007/s40629-023-00270-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-023-00270-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Summary</h2><div><p>The prevalence of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic diseases is currently experiencing an epidemic trend characterized by an increase in both the number of affected individuals and the proportion of patients with multiple sensitizations. The majority of these multiple sensitizations are attributed to IgE reactions to genuine allergenic proteins from unrelated species. However, there is a growing trend of patients becoming sensitized to highly cross-reactive molecules, such as profilins, polcalcins, lipocalins, serum albumins, tropomyosins, and non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs). In addition, allergen families that were previously considered of minimal importance are now gaining recognition for their role in the pathogenesis of IgE-mediated allergic diseases. Consequently, these allergen families are increasingly being considered in the diagnostic process. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive summary of the biochemical and allergological information about two of these “new” allergen families: cyclophilins (Cyp) and gibberellin-regulated proteins (GRP).</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"32 7","pages":"280 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-023-00270-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50450576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urticaria in childhood—what’s new?","authors":"Ann-Christin E. Brehler,&nbsp;Andrea Bauer,&nbsp;Bettina Wedi","doi":"10.1007/s40629-023-00271-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-023-00271-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Urticaria can manifest at any age, including infants and young children. Urticaria is one of the most prevalent skin diseases in childhood. As in adults, a distinction is made between acute and chronic urticaria, with chronic urticaria further classified into chronic spontaneous urticaria and inducible urticaria. According to the current German S3 guideline for classification, diagnosis, and treatment of urticaria, existing literature suggests that the prevalence, disease characteristics, causes, and also the response to treatment are very similar in children and adults. The clinical hallmark of urticaria is the subjective sensation of itch. In young children who may have difficulty expressing itching, it is crucial to observe their scratching behavior during clinical examinations. Particularly in children, mastocytosis and autoinflammatory syndromes (cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes [CAPS], especially Muckle–Wells syndrome and childhood Still’s disease) are important differential diagnoses. Autoinflammatory syndromes are characterized by additional symptoms such as fever, bone pain, muscle pain, and joint complaints. Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes usually manifest in infancy, so that these diseases must be considered, especially if cold-associated urticarial skin lesions are present. Appropriate and early treatment can prevent serious sequelae. In maculopapular mastocytosis (urticaria pigmentosa), reddish macules are characteristic for the disease; especially after elicitation of the Darier’s sign, differentiation from urticaria can be difficult, but the macules are permanent. Clinically, wheals and/or angioedema are found similarly to adults, indicating that mast cell-induced angioedema is also associated with childhood urticaria. In the case of exclusive angioedema, hereditary angioedema must also be considered, which usually manifests for the first time during puberty, often linked to hormone preparation usage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"32 8","pages":"318 - 325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-023-00271-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134797418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts of the 18th German Allergy Congress, Bonn, September 14–16, 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s40629-023-00269-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-023-00269-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"32 6","pages":"178 - 232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43341380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eosinophilic esophagitis—from definition to therapy","authors":"Ulrike von Arnim","doi":"10.1007/s40629-023-00265-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-023-00265-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder that is characterized clinically by symptoms of esophageal dysfunction and histologically by a dense eosinophilic inflammation of the esophagus. This article provides an overview of the current knowledge in the field of EoE. EoE has seen significant progress in its understanding, including its definition, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Consensus criteria have been established for diagnosing EoE, with symptoms commonly including dysphagia, food impaction, and reflux-like symptoms. Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, endoscopy, and histological assessment. Therapeutic strategies for EoE aim to alleviate symptoms, induce and maintain remission, and prevent complications. These strategies include dietary modifications, pharmacotherapy, and endoscopic interventions. Treatment choice depends on disease severity, patient preferences, and comorbidities. Despite progress, challenges persist in EoE management. Long-term outcomes and optimal treatment duration are still under investigation. Research efforts focus on identifying predictive markers for treatment response and developing personalized approaches. In conclusion, EoE is a chronic, progressive and recurrent disease with various clinical manifestations and treatment options. Improved understanding has led to better diagnostic criteria and therapeutic strategies. However, further research is necessary to enhance our understanding of disease pathogenesis, refine treatment algorithms, and optimize long-term outcomes for individuals with EoE.</p>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"33 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-023-00265-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46177453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute urticaria—what to do?","authors":"Regina Treudler,&nbsp;Julia Zarnowski,&nbsp;Nicola Wagner","doi":"10.1007/s40629-023-00266-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-023-00266-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Summary</h2><div><p>Acute urticaria (AU) is the most common cause of wheal formation. By definition, it does not persist for more than 6 weeks. It can occur at any age and is more commonly seen in atopic diathesis. Acute spontaneous urticaria is distinguished from inducible forms. This review highlights the clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, possible triggers, and therapeutic strategies. In childhood as in adulthood, viral infections are very frequently associated with acute urticaria, whereas drugs and food are less frequently described as triggers. However, it is not uncommon for multiple triggers to be present simultaneously. Therapeutically, oral nonsedating H1 antihistamines are mainly used. In some patients, concomitant short-term administration of glucocorticosteroids is also necessary.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"32 8","pages":"303 - 308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-023-00266-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43623106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-allergen monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of allergies","authors":"Niccolo Pengo PhD,&nbsp;Natascha Wuillemin PhD,&nbsp;Dimitri Bieli PhD,&nbsp;Pascal Gasser PhD","doi":"10.1007/s40629-023-00263-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-023-00263-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>To tackle the growing allergy epidemic, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. One promising avenue is the development of anti-allergen antibody therapies. This passive immunization approach stands out from traditional allergen immunotherapy by not exposing patients to the allergen but also by potentially treating patients who are less responsive or even unresponsive to allergen immunotherapies and providing immediate protection.</p><h3>Methods\t</h3><p>After a review of historical and recently published literature on the topic of anti-allergen antibodies, the status quo and recent advancements are presented. Anti-allergen antibody therapies in the context of immunological changes that occur during allergen immunotherapy are also discussed.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>While the protective role of anti-allergen antibodies was recognized decades ago, the advancement of antibody discovery technologies has fueled the field, and now different anti-allergen antibody therapies are approaching clinical use. These developments have also broadened our understanding of the allergens and allergenic epitopes responsible in different allergic diseases, and also the role played by immunoglobulins in shaping the immune system.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The development of anti-allergen antibody therapies offers great potential for the treatment of allergies. Of interest, the efficacy of passive immunization approaches will likely extend beyond allergen neutralization as in the presence of the allergen they might contribute to long-lasting disease modification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"32 7","pages":"289 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-023-00263-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41681351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}