Allergo Journal International最新文献

{"title":"Beyond the surface: permeability barrier function and chronic irritant contact dermatitis","authors":"Irena Angelova-Fischer,&nbsp; Wolfram Hötzenecker","doi":"10.1007/s40629-026-00385-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-026-00385-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chronic irritant contact dermatitis (CICD) results from repeated exposure to skin irritants causing progressive deterioration of the epidermal barrier function with release of pro-inflammatory mediators from the skin residential cells. In this mini-review, we address key aspects of the epidermal barrier response to irritant exposure in healthy skin and in individuals with an increased risk of developing CICD and emphasize the need for validated, robust biomarkers for accurate differentiation of irritant from atopic dermatitis or allergic contact dermatitis reactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"35 7","pages":"247 - 253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-026-00385-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149230774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latest news on contact allergies","authors":"Christine Hafner","doi":"10.1007/s40629-026-00387-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-026-00387-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, there have been important new developments in the diagnosis and research of contact allergies. An updated European guideline clarifies the performance and interpretation of patch testing and emphasizes the importance of testing based on medical history and exposure. At the same time, new exposures from nail cosmetics, three-dimensional (3D) printing resins, medical adhesives, medical devices, and new cosmetic active ingredients are leading to changes in the spectrum of relevant contact allergens. Our understanding of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) has also expanded. Molecular and single-cell analyses show that ACD cannot be viewed solely as a classic type IV reaction, but rather that barrier alterations, innate immune responses, different T‑cell programs, and tissue-resident memory T‑cells interact. This minireview summarizes the clinically relevant new developments and discusses their significance for diagnosis and clinical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"35 7","pages":"254 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-026-00387-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149230773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational allergies—clinical presentation, epidemiology, diagnosis, and prevention","authors":"Barbara Ebner","doi":"10.1007/s40629-026-00388-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-026-00388-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Occupational allergies encompass immunologically mediated diseases of the skin and respiratory tract that result from occupational exposures and may be exacerbated by pre-existing conditions.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This mini-review provides an overview of the literature on major occupational allergies.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The spectrum ranges from irritant and allergic hand eczema to contact urticaria and protein contact dermatitis, as well as rhinoconjunctivitis and bronchial asthma. A detailed, work-related medical history is the cornerstone of diagnosis. When allergic contact dermatitis is suspected, standard test panels, occupation-specific test panels, and properly prepared workplace materials should be combined. Immediate-type reactions require prick tests, specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) assays, and, in cases of respiratory symptoms, functional diagnostics. Prevention follows the STOP principle, prioritizing substitution (S) well as technical (T) and organizational (O) measures over personal (P) protective equipment.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Early interdisciplinary evaluation, exposure reduction, and individually tailored protective measures promote long-term retention in the workforce and reduce the consequences of illness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"35 7","pages":"259 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149230772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts of the 21st German Allergy Congress, Wiesbaden, October 1–3, 2026","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s40629-026-00382-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-026-00382-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"35 6","pages":"206 - 246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass cytometry as a tool to evaluate chronic inflammatory airway diseases","authors":"Agnieszka Demczuk,&nbsp;Friederike Bärhold,&nbsp;Markus Ollert,&nbsp;Ludger Klimek,&nbsp; Sven Becker","doi":"10.1007/s40629-026-00380-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-026-00380-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Chronic inflammatory airway diseases are conditions that can affect both the lower and upper airways. Their pathophysiology is associated with epithelial barrier dysfunction and skewed immune response, predominantly toward a type 2 profile. The detailed underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood, highlighting the need for high-dimensional approaches to comprehensively characterize structural and immune cells in these diseases. Mass cytometry enables simultaneous assessment of over 50 cellular markers, providing deeper insight into cellular phenotypes in the airways.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The scientific literature was searched using databases (PubMed), artificial intelligence tools (Consensus and Copilot), and the reference lists of relevant studies. The findings were synthesized and discussed to provide an overview of the application of mass cytometry in chronic inflammatory airway diseases.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Mass cytometry has been applied to investigate immune profiles in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using peripheral blood and lower and upper airway samples. Compared with peripheral blood, analysis of samples from the airways is less common, and standardized protocols remain limited. Mass cytometry-based analysis of chronic airway diseases revealed phenotypic disturbances in various adaptive and innate immune cell populations, shedding light on disease mechanisms.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Advancing the development of novel therapies and guiding personalized treatment strategies require precise definition of disease endotypes through the identification of altered cellular players and molecular pathways. High-dimensional techniques such as mass cytometry can address this need by enabling detailed investigation of structural and immune cells in airway diseases and beyond.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"35 6","pages":"182 - 193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-026-00380-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data protection in allergology: current status, challenges, and solutions","authors":"Ralf Herz,&nbsp; Andreas Hoheisel,&nbsp; Holger Wrede,&nbsp;Fabian Rieder,&nbsp; Daiana Stolz","doi":"10.1007/s40629-026-00378-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-026-00378-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The processing of personal data is one of the key challenges of digitized healthcare. In allergology in particular—a field with an interdisciplinary focus and often long-term treatment processes—the handling of sensitive health data is of special importance.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>This review examines the relevance of data protection in allergological practice and research. The focus is on the legal framework, particularly the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Federal Data Protection Act (BDSG), as well as their practical implications for allergological care.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Key data protection principles—such as data minimization, purpose limitation, transparency, storage limitation, and access control—may conflict with the medical need for continuous, long-term, and interdisciplinary data use. This applies in particular to electronic health records, telemedicine procedures, mobile health applications, cloud services, and the documentation of long-term therapies such as allergen-specific immunotherapy. Further challenges arise from a lack of interoperability, insufficient staff training, and increased requirements for differentiated access management.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Based on current studies and real-world examples, this review presents legal, technical, and organizational measures. These include differentiated access rights, pseudonymization for research purposes, end-to-end encryption, and digital consent tools that enable flexible and patient-centered consent. Data protection in allergology is not only a legal obligation but also a central prerequisite for quality, trust, and innovation in patient care. Future developments such as big data, artificial intelligence, and international collaborations require robust data protection concepts that bridge the gap between the reality of medical care and regulatory requirements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"35 6","pages":"171 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-026-00378-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allergen immunotherapy for tree pollen allergy","authors":"Felix Klimek,&nbsp;Friederike Bärhold,&nbsp;Charlotte Rott,&nbsp;Katharina Bremerich,&nbsp;Ludger Klimek,&nbsp;Christoph Bergmann,&nbsp;Jan Hagemann,&nbsp;Mandy Cuevas,&nbsp;Paolo Matricardi,&nbsp; Sven Becker","doi":"10.1007/s40629-026-00376-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-026-00376-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tree pollen allergies, particularly those caused by members of the Betulaceae family such as birch, alder, and hazel, are widespread and represent a significant burden on the healthcare system, with prevalence rates of 15–30%. Clinical presentation consists predominantly of allergic rhinitis or rhinoconjunctivitis, which can progress to allergic asthma. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT), through the induction of immunological tolerance to the triggering allergen, represents the only currently available disease-modifying treatment option for tree pollen allergy. In addition to subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT), sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in particular has established itself as an effective and safe therapy. Current randomized trials and real-world data demonstrate a significant reduction in symptoms in both adults and children, as well as evidence for the prevention of asthma development. Molecular insights into tree pollen allergens and advances in component-based diagnostics are enabling more precise patient selection and treatment optimization. Of particular importance here is the differentiation between an allergy to the major allergen of birch and homologous allergens of other tree species that show little or no cross-reactivity. The current findings on the diagnosis and treatment of tree pollen allergy are reviewed in this article.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"35 5","pages":"139 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-026-00376-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148433933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in birch and tree pollen seasonal patterns due to climate change","authors":"Jeroen Buters,&nbsp;Carsten Schmidt-Weber,&nbsp;Inga Wessels,&nbsp;Mariel Suarez-Suarez","doi":"10.1007/s40629-026-00374-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-026-00374-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change is clearly evident in Germany. Yet what changes does a 1 °C increase in the annual average maximum temperature bring about in the natural environment, for example? Pollen serves as an excellent bioindicator for determining these changes. However, since pollen counts are subject to natural fluctuations, long time series are required to detect effects such as those caused by climate change. Studies in other European countries demonstrated an earlier onset of the pollen season for nearly all pollen types and found that pollen levels have increased. In Germany, data for birch pollen, for example, are currently limited. In Bavaria, an automated pollen monitoring network was established in 2019, running in parallel with existing manual monitors. For Bavaria, it is evident that pollen is appearing progressively earlier in terms of start, end, and peak dates. Compared to start dates over the past 30 years, the birch pollen season now begins approximately 1 month earlier. The amount of birch pollen has also increased in recent decades. For hazel and alder, the manual system—which has the longest data series—does not collect data in winter, resulting in gaps in pollen dispersal data and making it more difficult to detect changes. However, indicator parameters such as hazel pollen in December (normally in February) show the same pattern as for birch. In the future, however, birch pollen levels in Bavaria will decline as tree populations shrink due to climate change. Similar trends are expected for the rest of Germany. For most people with pollen allergies, daily pollen levels—which are subject to significant natural variability—are more important than long-term trends. The new automatic pollen monitors with data available online display current pollen levels (e.g., Pollenscience.eu). Although the automatic network is not yet distributed evenly across Germany, the German Weather Service is currently expanding the network and expects to complete this by 2027.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"35 5","pages":"148 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-026-00374-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148434085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of the microbiome by sublingual allergen immunotherapy: current insights and clinical implications","authors":"Peter Kunč MD PhD,&nbsp;Jaroslav Fábry,&nbsp;Renata Péčová","doi":"10.1007/s40629-026-00375-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-026-00375-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Specific allergen immunotherapy (AIT) represents the only causal treatment for allergic diseases capable of modifying the natural disease trajectory and inducing long-term allergen tolerance. Its sublingual form (SLIT) has emerged as a safe and highly effective alternative to conventional subcutaneous administration. In recent years, scientific interest has increasingly focused on the complex interplay between SLIT and the human microbiome.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a targeted literature search across four major electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) from January 2012 to February 2026. Applying strict inclusion criteria, a narrative review approach underpinned by a systematic search strategy was utilized to qualitatively synthesize 41 peer-reviewed articles evaluating baseline dysbiosis, post-SLIT microbial shifts, and adjuvant interventions.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A growing body of evidence suggests that the therapeutic efficacy of SLIT is associated with alterations in microbial communities across the oral–gut–immune axis. However, recent clinical data present a more nuanced picture, indicating that clinical efficacy can occur without complete microbial normalization. Integrating these insights with established immunology highlights the microbiome’s role as an epigenetic stabilizer in maintaining rather than merely initiating long-term allergen tolerance.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Shifting toward precision allergology, we critically appraise the search for predictive baseline biomarkers, expose the severe methodological heterogeneity limiting current probiotic adjuvant trials, and underscore the unexplored potential of dietary interventions (e.g., fermentable fibers) to harness endogenous tolerogenic metabolites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"35 6","pages":"194 - 202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-026-00375-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148928040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Only specific combinations of findings indicate mastocytosis, hereditary α-tryptasemia, histamine intolerance, or mast cell activation syndrome","authors":"Knut Brockow,&nbsp;Tobias Michael Franz,&nbsp;Magdalena Saak,&nbsp;Hannah Lorenz,&nbsp;Julia Plötz,&nbsp;Leonhard Stark,&nbsp;Alexander Schäbitz,&nbsp;Görkem Aydin,&nbsp;Svenja Rupp,&nbsp;Johannes Untch,&nbsp; Tilo Biedermann","doi":"10.1007/s40629-026-00373-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40629-026-00373-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Mast cell disorders can cause allergy-like symptoms or elevated baseline serum tryptase levels (BST) through the release of mast cell mediators. Patients with previously unexplained symptoms attribute these to a mast cell disorder or histamine intolerance (HIT) and view this as the cause of their symptoms.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The scientific literature and our own experience were evaluated and summarized for this review to describe specific constellations of findings that require investigation for the diseases or characteristics mentioned in the title.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Classic manifestations that should raise suspicion of mastocytosis include typical skin lesions, severe insect venom anaphylaxis, idiopathic anaphylaxis, or unexplained osteoporosis. Significantly elevated BST levels are also a criterion for systemic mastocytosis (SM). However, the most common cause of (often moderately) elevated BST is hereditary alpha-tryptasemia (HαT). To date, the increased prevalence of HαT has only been documented in cases of severe insect venom anaphylaxis, idiopathic anaphylaxis, and mastocytosis, while the majority of HαT carriers (5% of the population) do not differ from a population without HαT in terms of their symptoms. In the past, HIT was used as an explanatory model for multiple somatically unexplained symptoms; however, even after evaluating more recent studies, the existence of this condition must continue to be questioned. A diagnosis of mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) is frequently suspected. The application of scientific diagnostic criteria in cases of suspected idiopathic MCAS confirmed this diagnosis almost exclusively in patients with idiopathic anaphylaxis.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In cases of polysymptomatic complaints without indicative leading symptoms and constellations of findings, the diagnosis of the aforementioned entities should be avoided.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":"35 4","pages":"101 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-026-00373-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148141732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}