{"title":"Paradigms that define lung epithelial progenitor cell fate in development and regeneration.","authors":"Aravind Sivakumar, David B Frank","doi":"10.1007/s40778-019-00166-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40778-019-00166-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Throughout the lifespan, lung injury impedes the primary critical function essential for life-respiration. To repair quickly and efficiently is critical and is orchestrated by a diverse repertoire of progenitor cells and their niche. This review incorporates knowledge gained from early studies in lung epithelial morphogenesis and cell fate and explores its relevance to more recent findings of lung progenitor and stem cells in development and regeneration.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Cell fate in the lung is organized into an early specification phase and progressive differentiation phase in lung development. The advent of single cell analysis combined with lineage analysis and projections is uncovering new functional cell types in the lung providing a topographical atlas for progenitor cell lineage commitment during development, homeostasis, and regeneration.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Lineage commitment of lung progenitor cells is spatiotemporally regulated during development. Single cell sequencing technologies have significantly advanced our understanding of the similarities and differences between developmental and regenerative cell fate trajectories. Subsequent unraveling of the molecular mechanisms underlying these cell fate decisions will be essential to manipulating progenitor cells for regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":37444,"journal":{"name":"Current Stem Cell Reports","volume":"5 4","pages":"133-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40778-019-00166-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38086037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin Rodriguez, Christopher D Porada, Graҫa Almeida-Porada
{"title":"Mechanistic Insights into Factor VIII Immune Tolerance Induction via Prenatal Cell Therapy in Hemophilia A.","authors":"Martin Rodriguez, Christopher D Porada, Graҫa Almeida-Porada","doi":"10.1007/s40778-019-00165-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40778-019-00165-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Prenatal stem cell and gene therapy approaches are amongst the few therapies that can promise the birth of a healthy infant with specific known genetic diseases. This review describes fetal immune cell signaling and its potential influence on donor cell engraftment, and summarizes mechanisms of central T cell tolerance to peripherally-acquired antigen in the context of prenatal therapies for Hemophilia A.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>During early gestation, different subsets of antigen presenting cells take up peripherally-acquired, non-inherited antigens and induce the deletion of antigen-reactive T-cell precursors in the thymus, demonstrating the potential for using prenatal cell and gene therapies to induce central tolerance to FVIII in the context of prenatal diagnosis/therapy of Hemophilia A.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Prenatal cell and gene therapies are promising approaches to treat several genetic disorders including Hemophilia A and B. Understanding the mechanisms of how FVIII-specific tolerance is achieved during ontogeny could help develop novel therapies for HA and better approaches to overcome FVIII inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":37444,"journal":{"name":"Current Stem Cell Reports","volume":"5 4","pages":"145-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40778-019-00165-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37887074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impact of Mosaic Embryos on Procreative Liberty and Procreative Responsibility: Time to Put Innovative Technology on “Pause”","authors":"Shizuko Takahashi, P. Patrizio","doi":"10.1007/s40778-019-00164-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40778-019-00164-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37444,"journal":{"name":"Current Stem Cell Reports","volume":"5 1","pages":"125 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2019-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40778-019-00164-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44307072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Hunsberger, M. Lundberg, J. Allickson, C. Simon, C. Zylberberg, S. Beachy
{"title":"Examining Resources, Initiatives, and Regulatory Pathways to Advance Regenerative Medicine Manufacturing","authors":"J. Hunsberger, M. Lundberg, J. Allickson, C. Simon, C. Zylberberg, S. Beachy","doi":"10.1007/s40778-019-00163-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40778-019-00163-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37444,"journal":{"name":"Current Stem Cell Reports","volume":"5 1","pages":"162 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40778-019-00163-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44693372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Concepts and Perspectives on the Biology and Use of Fresh Versus In Vitro–Generated Cells for Therapeutic Applications","authors":"H. Mayani","doi":"10.1007/s40778-019-00162-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40778-019-00162-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37444,"journal":{"name":"Current Stem Cell Reports","volume":"5 1","pages":"115 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2019-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40778-019-00162-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43911859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Engineered Biomimetic Neural Stem Cell Niche.","authors":"Rita Matta, Anjelica L Gonzalez","doi":"10.1007/s40778-019-00161-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40778-019-00161-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Neural stem cells (NSCs) have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into functional neurons, heightening their potential use for therapeutic applications. This review explores bioengineered systems which recapitulate NSC niche cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Delivery of NSCs to the cytotoxic injured brain is limited by low cell survival rates post-transplantation and poor maintenance of native niche bioactive components. The use of biomaterial platforms can mimic <i>in vivo</i> the environment of the two germinal areas of the adult brain in which NSCs thrive. An environmental mimic that includes extracellular proteins and moieties, along with appropriate biomechanical cues has recently demonstrated promising results in enhancing neurogenesis, aiding the production of a bioengineered niche.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Biocomposition, biomechanics, and biostructure can be manipulated through engineered platforms to re-create the biofunctionality of an NSC niche. Upon transplantation and delivery with biomimetic scaffolds, NSCs show potential to promote functional recovery and rebuild neural circuitry post neurological trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":37444,"journal":{"name":"Current Stem Cell Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"109-114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7451115/pdf/nihms-1529882.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38325612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Peripheral blood stem cell mobilization; a look ahead.","authors":"Louis M Pelus, Hal E Broxmeyer","doi":"10.1007/s40778-018-0141-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40778-018-0141-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>The purpose of review: </strong>Mobilized peripheral blood is the predominant source of stem and progenitor cells for hematologic transplantation. Successful transplant requires sufficient stem cells of high enough quality to recapitulate lifelong hematopoiesis, but in some patients and normal donors, reaching critical threshold stem cell numbers are difficult to achieve. Novel strategies, particularly those offering rapid mobilization and reduced costs, remains an area of interest.This review summarizes critical scientific underpinnings in understanding the process of stem cell mobilization, with a focus on new or improved strategies for their efficient collection and engraftment.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Studies are described that provide new insights into the complexity of stem cell mobilization. Agents that target new pathways such HSC egress, identify strategies to collect more potent competing HSC and new methods to optimize stem cell collection and engraftment are being evaluated.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Agents and more effective strategies that directly address the current shortcomings of hematopoietic stem cell mobilization and transplantation and offer the potential to facilitate collection and expand use of mobilized stem cells have been identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":37444,"journal":{"name":"Current Stem Cell Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"273-281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6532982/pdf/nihms-1510358.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37274005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}