Water SecurityPub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100158
William Nikolakis, Harry Nelson, Amanda Martínez-Carrasco
{"title":"Water security or securing relations? An exploratory study from British Columbia","authors":"William Nikolakis, Harry Nelson, Amanda Martínez-Carrasco","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water security is typically defined in terms of water available at a quality and quantity to meet human needs. This definition now includes ecological needs. We argue these definitions ignore conceptions of Indigenous relations to water, all living things, and between people. We examine this gap in a contested water governance space in British Columbia, Canada, characterized by competing legal claims and distinct relations to water between First Nations (Indigenous Peoples) and the Crown (Province). We surveyed water officials from both groups, and documented that First Nations and women respondents are more likely to perceive water insecurity, as do those who lack trust. We argue that strengthening and securing relations through learning is critical to reconciling water security governance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138483851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water SecurityPub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100153
Paula Kehoe
{"title":"Scaling up onsite water recycling systems in the US","authors":"Paula Kehoe","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>San Francisco recognized the opportunity to build and manage its city to be more resilient and sustainable with localized (<em>i.e.</em>, decentralized) water treatment systems. These onsite water treatment systems capture and treat water for reuse, thereby reducing the use of potable water for non-potable uses such as toilet flushing and irrigation. Critical to the success of treating water onsite was the development of oversight and management program to ensure the protection of public health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138489658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water SecurityPub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100155
Jyoti P. Patil , Archana Sarkar
{"title":"Contribution of female researchers in the water sector: A scientometric review","authors":"Jyoti P. Patil , Archana Sarkar","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tremendous progress has happened in the development and efficient management of water resources in the country. Several researchers nationally and internationally contributed to developing the technical solutions, designing the national/sub-national policies and guidance for efficient management. Many of these researchers include female researchers who are working on water research aspects across regions. The database review of the lead female researchers gives an opportunity for insights into the trending research in the water sector. In this paper, an attempt has been made to do a bibliometric analysis of the Scopus database (2001–2021) for analyzing the research related to water quality, water management, hydrology, and water research. The 21 years Scopus database was downloaded including research papers, books, and conference proceedings, which were then examined for the gender of the first author. The gender analysis of the first author was done by searching them on ResearchGate, Google Scholar, LinkedIn, and other social networks. Further, the bibliometric analysis of female first-authored papers was done in the R-Biblioshiny for results like research trends, most relevant authors, most relevant sources, and most global cited documents. There were about 2975 documents including research papers, books, and conference proceedings in water management and water research. The bibliometric analysis visualizes various ways of literature review in the water sector. The gender involvement analysis will help to formulate the research agenda and topics by considering women’s vital role in water management in every sector.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138489629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water SecurityPub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100150
Josh Kearns , Alexis Gropper , Jose Luis Muñoz , Pablo Yepéz
{"title":"Adaptable community participatory design to provide water that is Estético, Seguro, y Saludable (pleasant, safe, and healthy) in the Ecuadorian Amazon","authors":"Josh Kearns , Alexis Gropper , Jose Luis Muñoz , Pablo Yepéz","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A pedagogical framework was developed for water that is aesthetically pleasant, microbiologically safe, and healthy from a chemical perspective for consumption by vulnerable individuals and over lifetimes. This “pleasant, safe, and healthy” framework was used to facilitate discussion of drinking water source selection and design of treatment approaches with Ecuadorian Amazonian communities affected by petrochemical and agrichemical pollution and partially or totally lacking in centralized water infrastructure. Iterative participatory discussion identified biological slow sand filtration and biochar adsorption as unit processes for addressing microbiological and chemical water contaminants with which communities had some prior familiarity. However, significant shortcomings and knowledge gaps were discovered in extant approaches that led to poor treatment performance and disuse of previous water interventions. A workshop was conducted to bring communities’ and local implementers’ understanding and abilities in line with current best-practices for sustainable provision of pleasant, safe, and healthy drinking water using local materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138501548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water SecurityPub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100146
Brandon Reyneke , Tinta C. Morris , Pilar Fernández-Ibáñez , Kevin G. McGuigan , Ashley Heida , Kerry A. Hamilton , Wesaal Khan
{"title":"Decentralised solar-based water treatment – Bridging the last mile to water security in low- and middle-income countries?","authors":"Brandon Reyneke , Tinta C. Morris , Pilar Fernández-Ibáñez , Kevin G. McGuigan , Ashley Heida , Kerry A. Hamilton , Wesaal Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While significant progress has been made to ensure universal access to safe drinking water, limitations associated with the implementation of centralised water supplies has hampered bridging the “last mile” to safe water access for all in developing countries. The use of decentralised solar-based water treatment systems, such as solar pasteurization and solar disinfection, offers a unique opportunity to treat alternative water sources and provide access to safe water in low- and middle-income countries. These solar-based interventions have been shown to be cost-effective, environmentally friendly, scalable, and culturally acceptable. This review will focus on advances in solar-based water treatment systems and the innovative ways these systems can safely be used, in combination with traditional water treatment methods, in developing countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138448956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A review of water reuse applications and effluent standards in response to water scarcity","authors":"Drew Rich , Esber Andiroglu , Kathryn Gallo , Sivakumar Ramanathan","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent decades, population growth and various environmental hazards induced by climate change impacts have highlighted economic and public health stresses which brought water scarcity to front lines at a global scale. Over two billion people live in countries that are experiencing water scarcity, while double that number live in countries that experience water scarcity at least one month a year [5]. Lack of clean water can lead to severe impacts both in terms of health and well-being and reduced economic growth [4,5]. The challenges associated with water scarcity are only projected to be exacerbated by various complex factors causing unsustainable management and withdrawals of key water sources in the decades ahead. Water scarcity can be addressed through two approaches, defined as improved water efficiency practices and the introduction of different water streams that could replace traditionally sourced potable water. While regulations have been implemented to make water use practices more efficient, water use efficiency alone has not been enough to overcome the increasing water demand. With recent advancements and technologies in treatment and monitoring water reuse has been thrust back into the spotlight as a viable option to help create a more sustainable water supply. Globally water reuse is in varying stages of implementation based on geographic, cultural, legislative, and economic factors. Levels of use range from advanced, with some countries receiving a majority of their water from recycled sources, to non-existent. This paper will focus on the legislative framework that exists in the United States today for municipal water reuse.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138447928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water SecurityPub Date : 2023-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100156
Vimal Mishra , V.M. Tiwari
{"title":"Editorial: Climate, hydrology, and water-management challenges for water security in India","authors":"Vimal Mishra , V.M. Tiwari","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100156","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138439402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water SecurityPub Date : 2023-10-20DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100143
Sarah Dickin , Sara Gabrielsson
{"title":"Inequalities in water, sanitation and hygiene: Challenges and opportunities for measurement and monitoring","authors":"Sarah Dickin , Sara Gabrielsson","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While there is significant awareness of the importance of addressing water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) inequalities, measurement continues to present a challenge. Addressing how inequalities are measured, tracked and communicated is fundamental to accelerating progress in ensuring universal WASH coverage and associated benefits. We review how WASH inequalities have been measured and monitored to date on a global level, particularly in relation to SDG 6. We describe gaps in several areas, including how inequalities are measured in relation to gender and social differences, and limitations due to a focus on measuring access to infrastructure that overlooks other contributions of WASH services to wellbeing. Approaches for improved measurement and monitoring of inequalities are discussed, including making better use of existing datasets, as well as developing a broader range of indicators for the WASH sector. Finally, we emphasize the importance of improving visualization and communication of inequalities to policy audiences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49715291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water SecurityPub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100142
Kevin J. Erratt , Irena F. Creed , Erika C. Freeman , Charles G. Trick
{"title":"Missing the middle: Deep cyanobacteria layers pose a “known unknown” risk to water security","authors":"Kevin J. Erratt , Irena F. Creed , Erika C. Freeman , Charles G. Trick","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deep cyanobacteria layers are an emerging concern in harmful algal bloom research, posing a “known unknown” risk to human health. A known unknown risk is one of which society is aware but cannot accurately assess the potential impacts due to insufficient research. Deep cyanobacteria layers develop below the surface. At this depth, the presence of cyanobacteria is not casually recognized and therefore seldom evokes public health concerns or advisories. However, the potential risk of deep cyanobacteria layers to public health places heightened importance on learning more about depth-differentiation among phytoplankton. We identify four scientific gaps about deep cyanobacteria layers. Advancing our understanding by filling these scientific gaps is crucial to reducing the risks associated with deep cyanobacteria layers to human health and safeguarding water security.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42072024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}