Water Security最新文献_第5页

Low-cost ceramic filtration for point-of-use water treatment in low-income countries 用于低收入国家使用点水处理的低成本陶瓷过滤

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100145

Nhamo Chaukura , Welldone Moyo , Tatenda A. Kajau , Adolph A. Muleja , Bhekie B. Mamba , Thabo TI Nkambule

{"title":"Low-cost ceramic filtration for point-of-use water treatment in low-income countries","authors":"Nhamo Chaukura , Welldone Moyo , Tatenda A. Kajau , Adolph A. Muleja , Bhekie B. Mamba , Thabo TI Nkambule","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A large proportion of the population in low-income countries (LICs) has limited access to portable drinking water. This leads to many people consuming contaminated water, which is associated with several health risks. It is thus, important to reduce exposure to water-borne pathogens and toxic chemicals through effective water treatment. In this regard, point of use (POU) water treatment techniques can ensure quality drinking water, especially where water treatment systems are compromised, or where centralized water treatment systems are non-existent. An affordable POU water treatment option for LICs is the use of ceramic filtration. The goal of this review is to evaluate the application of ceramic filtration as a POU technique in LICs. Specifically, the review aims to: (1) review previous studies on low-cost ceramic filters used in LICs, (2) evaluate the pollutant removal performance and limitations of the filters, and (3) provide future research directions. The major findings are: (1) low-cost ceramic filters are effective POU devices, (2) modification of ceramic filters improves performance, and (3) more robust multicomponent removal devices can be made from combining ceramic filtration and other techniques. Overall, this information is important for use by local authorities in LICs in formulating policies and regulations that conduce the provision of safe drinking water to disadvantaged communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468312423000135/pdfft?md5=ddfa0e718f9f20b1151a9bd2ea354bec&pid=1-s2.0-S2468312423000135-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138467819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial: Climate, hydrology, and water-management challenges for water security in India 社论:印度水安全面临的气候、水文和水管理挑战

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100156

Vimal Mishra , V.M. Tiwari

引用次数: 0

Editorial of “Water security for sustainable development” 《水安全促进可持续发展》社论

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100157

Ankit Agarwal , Archana Sarkar , Ashish Pandey , Arun Kumar , Ashutosh Sharma

引用次数: 0

Justice and injustice in “Modular, Adaptive and Decentralized” (MAD) water systems 模块化、适应性和分散式"（MAD）供水系统中的公正与不公正

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100151

Anais Delilah Roque , Amber Wutich , Sameer H. Shah , Cassandra L. Workman , Linda E. Méndez-Barrientos , Yasmina Choueiri , Lucas Belury , Charlayne Mitchell

引用次数: 0

Water security or securing relations? An exploratory study from British Columbia 水安全还是安全关系?不列颠哥伦比亚省的一项探索性研究

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100158

William Nikolakis, Harry Nelson, Amanda Martínez-Carrasco

引用次数: 0

Scaling up onsite water recycling systems in the US 在美国推广现场水循环系统

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100153

Paula Kehoe

引用次数: 0

Nitrate contamination in groundwater and preferred treatment technology in rural India 印度农村地下水硝酸盐污染及优选处理技术

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100149

Ravindra Sewak, Poonam Sewak, Pooja Sarvotham Singh

{"title":"Nitrate contamination in groundwater and preferred treatment technology in rural India","authors":"Ravindra Sewak, Poonam Sewak, Pooja Sarvotham Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the impact of human activity on the levels of nitrates found in groundwater is essential. Anthropogenic sources, such as nitrogen-rich fertilizers in agriculture and animal excrement, have led to high nitrate concentrations in groundwater globally. High nitrate concentrations can cause health issues for infants, children, and adults. The Safe Water Network is working towards providing safe and affordable drinking water to communities in India, where nitrate levels in groundwater are alarmingly high. Treatment technologies such as reverse osmosis and ion exchange effectively reduce nitrate concentrations in water supplies. While the government is pursuing surface water use, it often presents higher risks of microbial contamination and elevated concentrations of contaminants from run-off. It is crucial to take measures to mitigate nitrate contamination in groundwater to ensure the health and safety of communities.</p><p>Safe Water Network serves communities with safe, affordable drinking water in Telangana and Maharashtra in India, where the nitrate levels in groundwater reach up to 300 mg/l, nearly seven times the 45 mg/l limit specified in India's national drinking water standards, making nitrate reduction essential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138467820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contribution of female researchers in the water sector: A scientometric review 女性研究人员在水领域的贡献：科学计量学审查

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100155

Jyoti P. Patil , Archana Sarkar

{"title":"Contribution of female researchers in the water sector: A scientometric review","authors":"Jyoti P. Patil , Archana Sarkar","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tremendous progress has happened in the development and efficient management of water resources in the country. Several researchers nationally and internationally contributed to developing the technical solutions, designing the national/sub-national policies and guidance for efficient management. Many of these researchers include female researchers who are working on water research aspects across regions. The database review of the lead female researchers gives an opportunity for insights into the trending research in the water sector. In this paper, an attempt has been made to do a bibliometric analysis of the Scopus database (2001–2021) for analyzing the research related to water quality, water management, hydrology, and water research. The 21 years Scopus database was downloaded including research papers, books, and conference proceedings, which were then examined for the gender of the first author. The gender analysis of the first author was done by searching them on ResearchGate, Google Scholar, LinkedIn, and other social networks. Further, the bibliometric analysis of female first-authored papers was done in the R-Biblioshiny for results like research trends, most relevant authors, most relevant sources, and most global cited documents. There were about 2975 documents including research papers, books, and conference proceedings in water management and water research. The bibliometric analysis visualizes various ways of literature review in the water sector. The gender involvement analysis will help to formulate the research agenda and topics by considering women’s vital role in water management in every sector.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138489629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adaptable community participatory design to provide water that is Estético, Seguro, y Saludable (pleasant, safe, and healthy) in the Ecuadorian Amazon 适应性社区参与式设计，在厄瓜多尔亚马逊地区提供est<s:1> tico, Seguro, y Saludable(宜人，安全和健康)的水

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100150

Josh Kearns , Alexis Gropper , Jose Luis Muñoz , Pablo Yepéz

{"title":"Adaptable community participatory design to provide water that is Estético, Seguro, y Saludable (pleasant, safe, and healthy) in the Ecuadorian Amazon","authors":"Josh Kearns , Alexis Gropper , Jose Luis Muñoz , Pablo Yepéz","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A pedagogical framework was developed for water that is aesthetically pleasant, microbiologically safe, and healthy from a chemical perspective for consumption by vulnerable individuals and over lifetimes. This “pleasant, safe, and healthy” framework was used to facilitate discussion of drinking water source selection and design of treatment approaches with Ecuadorian Amazonian communities affected by petrochemical and agrichemical pollution and partially or totally lacking in centralized water infrastructure. Iterative participatory discussion identified biological slow sand filtration and biochar adsorption as unit processes for addressing microbiological and chemical water contaminants with which communities had some prior familiarity. However, significant shortcomings and knowledge gaps were discovered in extant approaches that led to poor treatment performance and disuse of previous water interventions. A workshop was conducted to bring communities’ and local implementers’ understanding and abilities in line with current best-practices for sustainable provision of pleasant, safe, and healthy drinking water using local materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138501548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Release of geogenic fluoride from contaminated soils of Rajasthan, India: Experiments and geochemical modeling 印度拉贾斯坦邦受污染土壤中地源氟化物的释放:实验和地球化学模拟

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100140

Bhawna Thakur , Vijay A. Loganathan , Anupma Sharma , Rakesh K. Sharma , Alison Parker

{"title":"Release of geogenic fluoride from contaminated soils of Rajasthan, India: Experiments and geochemical modeling","authors":"Bhawna Thakur , Vijay A. Loganathan , Anupma Sharma , Rakesh K. Sharma , Alison Parker","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Management of groundwater contaminants, that are primarily of geogenic origin, such as fluoride, is a major public health concern. Worldwide, around 200 million people are dependent on drinking water<span> resources that contain elevated levels of fluoride that exceeds WHO’s drinking water threshold limit of 1.5 mg/L. According to the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation of India, about 11.7 million people, mostly in the Rajasthan state, are exposed to high fluoride risk. It is important to understand the soil–water interaction mechanisms to properly assess the fluoride contamination that are primrily due to geogenic origins prevalent in the region. In this study, batch desorption experiments were performed with soils obtained from varied depths at two sites in Rajasthan that has high fluoride levels in groundwater. The fluoride release kinetics followed a pseudo first-order kinetic model. The results of the batch experiments indicate higher release of fluoride from lower soil layers when compared to the upper layers. Further, the release of fluoride was dependent on pH wherein higher release was noticed under basic pH. Since the natural pH of the soils from this region is ca. pH 8 it is expected to play a vital role in the continued release of fluoride to the groundwater system. Furthermore, a simplified geochemical model, incorporating a general composite approach, has been used to simulate the experimental results that include dissolved Al and Al-F surface complexes. The model was able to capture the observed experimental results for various soils within a reasonable RMSE of 11.74%. The results of this study not only further the current understanding of the fate and transport mechanisms of fluoride in the contaminated subsurface but also would aid in designing remedial strategies to ensure future water security in this region.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49712366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1