Water Security最新文献

Rainwater harvesting systems for agricultural water security: a systematic review of productivity and resilience 农业用水安全的雨水收集系统：对生产力和恢复力的系统回顾

IF 5.8

Water Security Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100213

Franco Felix Caldas Silva, Fernando Arão Bila Júnior, Luís Filipe Sanches Fernandes, Fernando António Leal Pacheco

{"title":"Rainwater harvesting systems for agricultural water security: a systematic review of productivity and resilience","authors":"Franco Felix Caldas Silva, Fernando Arão Bila Júnior, Luís Filipe Sanches Fernandes, Fernando António Leal Pacheco","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water scarcity is intensifying in rainfed and semi-arid agricultural regions, where increasing water demand and climate variability threaten food production and rural livelihoods. In this context, decentralized water storage systems, particularly Rainwater Harvesting (RWH), have emerged as key strategies for agricultural water security. However, the current literature remains fragmented, prioritizing hydrological performance over agricultural, socioeconomic, and long-term system perspectives. This systematic review critically assesses the role of RWH systems in agricultural water security. The review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) protocol to ensure transparency and reproducibility and applies the Methodi Ordinatio to rank studies. A total of 22 peer-reviewed articles from the Scopus, ScienceDirect, and SciELO databases were analyzed. The results indicate that RWH contribute to increased water availability, and increased agricultural productivity. The RWH systems allow for greater crop intensity and reduce vulnerability to intra-seasonal climate variability. Despite these benefits, significant gaps remain in the literature such as limited socioeconomic integration, a lack of participatory approaches, and an absence of long-term evaluations. However, only 9 studies explicitly evaluated livelihood outcomes, and 11 conducted a limited socioeconomic analysis. The results suggest that the contribution of RWH systems to water security cannot be fully understood solely through technical indicators. Integrated approaches combining hydrological, agronomic, and socioeconomic perspectives are necessary. This study proposes a research agenda focused on interdisciplinary methods, participatory frameworks, and long-term systemic analyses to strengthen agricultural resilience in the face of increasing water scarcity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100213"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148730408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Asian Water tower under threat: hydropower expansion and Water security in a changing climate 亚洲水塔面临威胁：水电扩张与气候变化下的水安全

IF 5.8

Water Security Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100211

Yadu Pokhrel, Saugat Aryal

{"title":"The Asian Water tower under threat: hydropower expansion and Water security in a changing climate","authors":"Yadu Pokhrel, Saugat Aryal","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Asian Water Tower (AWT), encompassing the Hindu Kush Himalaya, Tibetan Plateau, and surrounding regions, supports the livelihoods of 1.9 billion people in eleven major river systems that it feeds, but now faces intensifying pressures from accelerating hydropower development and climate change. This structured review examines how these coupled systems create water security vulnerabilities across transboundary basins in the AWT, with a focus on the Nepal-Bhutan-Tibet corridor. Over 1100 hydropower projects now intersect with accelerating warming (0.44 °C per decade), increased glacier mass loss, and rapid hydrological regime shifts. These intersections generate double-exposure, where communities and infrastructure systems face simultaneous pressures from engineered flows and hydroclimatic changes. Further, infrastructure systems designed for 50–100 years confront temporal mismatches as peak watertiming varies largely among different AWT basins, creating stranded asset risks. Governance arrangements critically mediate adaptive capacity, with Bhutan's cooperative model enabling coordinated responses, Nepal-India arrangements showing implementation gaps, and China's development highlighting the importance of transboundary data sharing, coordinated operation, and downstream risk evaluation. Our findings underscore the need for integrated adaptation through four pillars: climate-adaptive infrastructure, ecosystem-based measures, diversified renewable portfolios, and enhanced transboundary coordination, with the next decade representing a critical decision window requiring coordinated infrastructure development focused on system-wide resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100211"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148640809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecologies of care and water commons in the polycrisis: floods, collective actions and care-based preparedness in Greece 多重危机中的护理生态和水公地：希腊的洪水、集体行动和基于护理的准备

IF 5.8

Water Security Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100210

Lydia Karazarifi

{"title":"Ecologies of care and water commons in the polycrisis: floods, collective actions and care-based preparedness in Greece","authors":"Lydia Karazarifi","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By acknowledging the complexity, multiplicity and interconnection of the current planetary crises, this paper explores possibilities of water commons and care-based preparedness in the context of floods and extreme weather. It is a part of ongoing PhD research in Political Science and Sociology at Scuola Normale Superiore in Florence. The research follows an ethnographic approach and, by intersecting social movement studies and political ecological analysis, explores the bottom-up commoning processes related to water in the polycrisis. The paper suggests that socio-environmental care is a substantial yet missing prism in climate change discourses, offering insights into the needs of inhabiting communities before and after a disaster, including the historical and material relations of a particular context. Starting from the premise that discourses on climate change should contextualize floods and climate disasters within the social and historical processes of the place, the paper argues that local communities and social movements are crucial for innovative bottom-up mechanisms of care during and after climate emergencies in the polycrisis. These arguments are explored empirically in Pelion and Volos, Greece, where extreme weather conditions named Daniel and Elias occurred in 2023, resulting in floods, power and water cuts, and other destruction. In these sequences, social centres, activists, and local communities engaged in collective actions grounded in care and mutual support. In this context, the Popular Assembly of Stagiates, based in a village near Volos, developed a repertoire of actions focusing on preparedness. Through empirical analysis, this paper highlights that preparedness related to care and commons can contribute to the dialogue on water security and the democratic possibilities of coexistence in the polycrisis with innovative community-based responses that leave legacies of quick reflexes, mutuality, and care in the commoning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100210"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148730410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trust as a boundary object in water security governance: insights from the water–energy–climate Nexus in the Mekong region 信任作为水安全治理的边界对象：来自湄公河地区水-能源-气候关系的见解

IF 5.8

Water Security Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100212

Antonio D. Salazar Jr.

{"title":"Trust as a boundary object in water security governance: insights from the water–energy–climate Nexus in the Mekong region","authors":"Antonio D. Salazar Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water security is increasingly framed as a governance challenge spanning water, energy, and climate change (WEC) priorities across fragmented institutional landscapes. In transboundary basins such as the Mekong River Basin, coordination unfolds under conditions of dispersed authority, power asymmetry, and technocratic policy-making. Within this terrain, trust is frequently invoked as essential to cooperation—yet actors who invoke it often mean different, even incompatible, things by it, a plurality this paper treats as a puzzle rather than an inconsistency to resolve. Drawing on a situational analysis of a regional WEC policy forum in the Mekong, treated as an illustrative rather than representative case, the paper reads trust as a boundary object: a travelling vocabulary stable enough to anchor coordination across actors while remaining open to divergent local meanings. It then traces the boundary work through which that vocabulary is continuously produced and contested. The findings show that trust operated as negotiated credibility, as a scale-contingent practice, and as a political strategy. Across these patterns, trust enabled coordination under informality without resolving the structural asymmetries it operated within, clarifying both its enabling and its bounded role in contemporary water security governance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100212"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148640831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydro-economic modelling and climate change in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia: Applications and implications 澳大利亚墨累-达令盆地的水文经济模型和气候变化：应用和影响

IF 5.8

Water Security Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100209

Muhammad Arif Watto, Shokhrukh Jalilov, Shahriar Wahid, David Robertson

{"title":"Hydro-economic modelling and climate change in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia: Applications and implications","authors":"Muhammad Arif Watto, Shokhrukh Jalilov, Shahriar Wahid, David Robertson","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is expected to reduce water availability, thereby increasing the complexity of water allocation and reallocation in the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) of Australia. Key challenges include balancing water use between sustaining irrigated agriculture and maintaining environmental outcomes while managing the associated trade-offs optimally. Hydro-economic models provide a structured framework to examine these trade-offs, but their application in the MDB varies widely in how climate inputs, adaptation options, and outcome domains are represented in the modelling framework. This review synthesises MDB hydro-economic (HEM) studies with explicit focus on climate change and explores how climate risks, adaptation responses and water allocation trade-offs are represented within MDB HEM studies. Of 152 shortlisted MDB focused HEM studies, 57 are identified as climate focused HEM studies, which include 28 direct climate focused and 29 indirect focused studies. Direct climate focused studies indicate that drying reduces water availability and allocation reliability, with uneven effects across regions, sectors, and entitlement types. Horticulture and downstream ecosystems, including wetlands, are particularly sensitive to water reductions, while annual crops can adapt in the short-run. Adaptation options such as targeted water recovery, water trading, and efficiency or infrastructure upgrades can reduce losses under moderate climate change scenarios. The review suggests that future MDB hydro-economic modelling will require greater use of ensemble climate scenarios, explicit treatment of uncertainty, more realistic representation of ecological outcomes, institutional rules, market behaviour, and adaptive decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100209"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148730404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predictive mapping of harmful algal blooms with Sentinel-2 imagery and random forest modelling 利用Sentinel-2图像和随机森林模型预测有害藻华

IF 4.3

Water Security Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2025.100194

Carolina Acuña-Alonso , Diego Barba-Barragáns , Joaquín Martínez-Sánchez , Xana Álvarez

{"title":"Predictive mapping of harmful algal blooms with Sentinel-2 imagery and random forest modelling","authors":"Carolina Acuña-Alonso , Diego Barba-Barragáns , Joaquín Martínez-Sánchez , Xana Álvarez","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2025.100194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasec.2025.100194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change and anthropogenic nutrient enrichment are driving the proliferation of algal blooms worldwide, posing a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems, including urban reservoirs. As water security in these systems is critical, inadequate monitoring continues to contribute to water quality deterioration and the loss of vital ecosystem services. This study aims to develop early detection tools for harmful algal blooms using Sentinel-2 multispectral imagery, the Random Forest algorithm, and in situ data. Model performance was evaluated for Trophic State Index (TSI), Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), and surface water temperature in urban reservoirs, with initial calibration and validation on the A Baxe reservoir, followed by external validation in As Forcadas (northwest Spain). Spectral indices – such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Brightness Index (BI) – and specific bands were derived using Google Earth Engine (GEE). The developed models demonstrated high accuracy, with coefficients of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) of 0.97 for Chl-a, > 0.80 for TSI, and > 0.70 for temperature. The TSI model’s relevance is underscored by its integration of various physicochemical parameters (N<sub>total</sub>, P<sub>total</sub>, Secchi Disk, Chl-a), and the BI index showed strong performance in estimating temperature despite Sentinel-2′s lack of a thermal band. This study proposes transferable methodologies for any reservoir, delivering an effective tool for the early detection of harmful algal blooms in stagnant waters, and contributing significantly to improved water resource management and the protection of aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100194"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145841501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Frost depth increase under a nuclear winter scenario projected to sever piped-water access in the Northern Hemisphere 在核冬天的情景下，霜冻深度的增加预计将切断北半球的管道供水

IF 4.3

Water Security Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2025.100193

Juan Esteban Lamilla Cuellar , Rachel Palm , David C. Denkenberger , Florian Ulrich Jehn

{"title":"Frost depth increase under a nuclear winter scenario projected to sever piped-water access in the Northern Hemisphere","authors":"Juan Esteban Lamilla Cuellar , Rachel Palm , David C. Denkenberger , Florian Ulrich Jehn","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2025.100193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasec.2025.100193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The continuous functioning of the underground water supply networks is essential for many aspects of modern civilization. Therefore, it is essential to keep such critical infrastructure safe from disasters. However, existing risk assessment studies often assume relatively stable climate conditions. Abrupt sunlight reduction scenarios, such as those caused by a nuclear war, a large volcanic eruption, or an asteroid impact, could cool the planet by up to 10 °C and thus frost-damage water pipes. This study investigates such vulnerability of the global underground water supply network in urban areas, in a nuclear winter – one such abrupt climate shift resulting from a nuclear war. We use climate modeling data simulating a nuclear exchange between Russia and the United States of America, in combination with predictions of the network location and density derived from nighttime light and artificial impervious surface data. By considering an increase in maximum frost depth under nuclear winter conditions, we identify areas where such networks are most vulnerable to disruption, and predict the length of the potentially affected pipelines using population-size-based and street-network-length-based models. As estimated, a total of ∼ 5–9 million kilometers of this critical infrastructure in 92 countries is at risk of freezing, potentially impacting the primary water source of over 2 billion individuals. Our findings highlight the need to expand the scope of climate resilience assessments in water risk research to include a broader range of climate scenarios, including sudden cold shifts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100193"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145697940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transforming collapsing arid river systems: Moving from deterministic approaches to complex adaptive governance 转变崩溃的干旱河流系统：从确定性方法到复杂的适应性治理

IF 4.3

Water Security Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2025.100192

Jaishri Srinivasan

引用次数: 0

Water security in the agriculture and cattle grazing activities: A systematic review 农业和畜牧业中的水安全：系统综述

IF 4.3

Water Security Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2025.100191

Fernando António Leal Pacheco , Teresa Cristina Tarlé Pissarra

{"title":"Water security in the agriculture and cattle grazing activities: A systematic review","authors":"Fernando António Leal Pacheco , Teresa Cristina Tarlé Pissarra","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2025.100191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasec.2025.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reviewed water security issues related to agriculture and cattle grazing activities, based on the findings of 171 articles published in the past two decades, namely 23% before 2020 and 77% between 2020 and 2025. The reviewed studies represented contributions from all continents, with a larger share from Asian, European and American countries. The key results, (<em>a</em>) exposed supply–demand challenges related to increasing irrigation needs, allocation scales and regimes, and environmental flow insurance; (<em>b</em>) elected rainwater harvesting, drip irrigation and soil moisture sensors as prime water conservation measures, and conjunctive use of conventional and non-conventional water sources as strategic conservation pathway; (<em>c</em>) indicated the preservation of riparian forests and wetlands, coupled with agriculture and livestock management practices, as fundamental measures of surface water pollution control; (<em>d</em>) highlighted the need of coupling contamination risk programs with management initiatives and prioritization of action, to effectively protect groundwater resources; (<em>e</em>) brought attention to the need of optimizing the use of floodplain recession water as irrigation source in arid regions; (<em>f</em>) showed how governance is in the core of a water-secure river basin, especially if the principle of trust and engagement is broadly implemented at all institutional levels; (<em>g</em>) and finally, transported into the discussion the role of payments for water services as pathway to aid governance, bringing watersheds towards more resilient levels of water security. As whole, the current review shed light over key challenges of today’s water security in the rural environment recommending solutions to overcome them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of flooding on the social and mental health of older adults- A scoping review 洪水对老年人社会和心理健康的影响——范围综述

IF 4.3

Water Security Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2025.100190

Chen Song, Funda Atun, Justine I. Blanford, Carmen Anthonj

{"title":"Impact of flooding on the social and mental health of older adults- A scoping review","authors":"Chen Song, Funda Atun, Justine I. Blanford, Carmen Anthonj","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2025.100190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasec.2025.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flood disasters have a profound impact on the social and mental health of older adults. However, research on these effects remains limited, and a comprehensive understanding of their implications is lacking. This study addresses this gap through a scoping review of peer-reviewed literature, using the Disaster Pressure and Release model to analyze the vulnerabilities and risks older adults face during floods. Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched Web of Science, Scopus, and MEDLINE/PubMed in September 2022 and July 2024, identifying 6,492 studies. After screening and full-text review, 11 studies were included. The findings indicate that floods contribute to increased social isolation and limited social network support, and relatively fewer issues with a sense of place and belonging. Older adults also experience high levels of depression, anxiety, and PTSD, though sleep problems appear less common. With the low number of reviewed papers, findings highlight regional differences as significant gaps in current research. The study shows the need for better disaster preparedness strategies, stronger mental health support, and improved social help to mitigate the long-term effects of flooding on older adults. More research in different regions is important to create more effective policies and plans that meet the needs of older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0