Gender dimensions of water vending in LMICs: A scoping review

Abstract

This scoping review draws together the existing literature on the gender dimensions of water vending. Although research on this topic remains limited, available studies indicate that gender significantly influences the dynamics of water vending and its implications for gender equality. The expression of gender through water vending is context-specific, shaped by cultural, social, economic, and environmental factors, and it evolves over time. The findings show that gender norms, roles, and relations play a crucial role in shaping local water vending systems. Key factors that affect the relationship between water vending and gender include different types of labor—particularly the intersection of productive and reproductive work—and the broader economic, social, and environmental conditions in which water vending occurs. These findings highlight the need to recognize the gendered nature of water supply systems in order to ensure equitable water access and promote gender equality. This review emphasizes that, despite the heterogeneity of local water vending practices, the gendered nature of these activities remains a critical factor influencing broader issues of inequality.