Water Security最新文献_第3页

Household Water Containers: Mitigating risks for improved Modular, Adaptive, and Decentralized (MAD) water systems 家用盛水器：降低风险，改进模块化、适应性和分散式 (MAD) 供水系统

Water Security Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100163

Chad Staddon , Alexandra Brewis

{"title":"Household Water Containers: Mitigating risks for improved Modular, Adaptive, and Decentralized (MAD) water systems","authors":"Chad Staddon , Alexandra Brewis","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While the literature on the design and operation of safe water sources in low-income communities is huge, little attention has been paid to the design of systems for the safe transportation and storage of water by households between source and point of use. The design of water containers like the near-ubiquitous “jerry can” in relation to how they are used and the potential risks incurred has received little attention. This is despite, as we explain, the strong influence that water container design has on hazards associated with fetching and storing water. This paper advances the argument that MAD (“modular, adaptive and decentralised”) approaches to rethinking water containers are possible and points to examples that have been trialled in different locations around the world. Placed in a broader theoretical framework, the objects that are used as water containers can even be viewed as “engines of history” through which human communities interact with the (water) environment and can create off-grid infrastructures. Key suggestions for design improvement include recognizing the role of water containers in heterogenous networks and in wider socio-technical systems that can reinforce marginalization, and the critical need for localized, community-collaborative co-production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468312423000317/pdfft?md5=eb26f68476482466f04a551c27e0be46&pid=1-s2.0-S2468312423000317-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139108051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Post-2023 Türkiye earthquake risk assessment of cascade dams in upper Euphrates basin 2023 年后幼发拉底河上游流域梯级大坝的图尔基耶地震风险评估

Water Security Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100164

Hasan Tosun , Mohammad Amin Hariri-Ardebili

{"title":"Post-2023 Türkiye earthquake risk assessment of cascade dams in upper Euphrates basin","authors":"Hasan Tosun , Mohammad Amin Hariri-Ardebili","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The southeastern region of Türkiye faced two significant earthquakes on February 6, 2023, causing widespread destruction and substantial damage to various infrastructures. Over forty large dams in the region were affected, leading to potential new earthquake-prone areas due to energy accumulation in neighboring regions. This study focuses on the seismic risk of eight cascade dams on the Peri River, a tributary of the Euphrates main river, following these earthquakes. The dams, including Kalecik, Kigi, Konaktepe, Ozluce, Pempelik, Seyrantepe, Tatar, and Uzuncayir, with heights ranging from 31 m to 146 m, are situated in a region influenced by the North Anatolian Fault Zone. The research advocates for a comprehensive re-analysis of certain large dams, considering the updated seismic specifications and seismological maps of Türkiye. The study explores the hazard and overall risk assessment of these dams, emphasizing the cascade system and highlighting the critical seismic vulnerabilities of Kigi and Ozluce dams, with a particular focus on their implications for water security in the region. Our findings underscore the need for tailored safety measures for each dam, focusing on early defect detection. By adopting a proactive stance and implementing our recommendations, the resilience of these dams can be enhanced, contributing to the overall water security of the region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139108050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Remote sensing of irrigation: Research trends and the direction to next-generation agriculture through data-driven scientometric analysis 灌溉遥感：通过数据驱动的科学计量分析研究趋势和下一代农业的方向

Water Security Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100161

V.S. Manivasagam

{"title":"Remote sensing of irrigation: Research trends and the direction to next-generation agriculture through data-driven scientometric analysis","authors":"V.S. Manivasagam","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Monitoring agricultural water usage with remote sensing technology has shown to be an effective strategy for dealing with water security in the digital era. Given the massive research over the last few decades, a scientometric approach is attempted to show an accurate picture and trends in remote sensing of irrigation research. This study retrieved 14,869 documents from the Scopus database related to remote sensing-guided irrigation studies during 2003–2022. This study employs a systematic approach to identify and analyze pertinent literature related to remote sensing of irrigation and highlights the most influential institutions, countries, and journals, as well as the prominent research subjects and trends. The analysis revealed that the research on remote sensing of irrigation had grown exponentially over the last two decades, indicating a growing interest in this field. Further, this study highlighted the contribution of satellite missions, specifically open-access imagery, to the field of irrigation research through the use of high-resolution sensors. This study offers comprehensive insight to researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in precise monitoring and management of irrigation, enabling them to effectively address forthcoming water security challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139108048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The challenges of implementing modular, adaptive, and decentralised water technologies – The perspective of a rural service provider in Kenya 实施模块化、适应性和分散式供水技术的挑战--肯尼亚农村服务提供商的视角

Water Security Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100160

Cliff Nyaga , Jacob Katuva , Patrick Thomson

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical technologies as modular adaptative decentralized treatment systems to enact water security for Latin America: Insights and prospects 电化学技术作为模块化自适应分散处理系统，为拉丁美洲制定水安全:见解和前景

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100147

Alexsandro J. dos Santos , Ronald Vargas , Carla Oporto , Marcos R.V. Lanza , Abdoulaye Thiam , Ricardo A. Torres-Palma , Ricardo González-Rodríguez , Ulises J. Jáuregui-Haza , Velia Sosa , Patricio J. Espinoza-Montero , Andrea Nájera , Yvens Chérémond , Tzayam Pérez , Valeria D. Quezada , Griselda Caballero-Manrique , Verónica Rojas , Haruna L. Barazorda-Ccahuana , Andrés P. Parada , Sergi Garcia-Segura

引用次数: 0

Water insecurity tradeoffs: U.S. drinking water systems during the COVID-19 pandemic 水不安全权衡:COVID-19大流行期间的美国饮用水系统

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100144

Benjamin Fincher, Wendy Jepson, John P. Casellas Connors

{"title":"Water insecurity tradeoffs: U.S. drinking water systems during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Benjamin Fincher, Wendy Jepson, John P. Casellas Connors","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Public health, economic, and social disruptions caused by the pandemic extended to essential public services, including water supply. This paper examines how the pandemic caused a water security crisis for many communities, and in so doing, our analysis contributes to current debates on water system resilience and continued challenges of water affordability in the United States. Water utilities faced major shifts in industrial and domestic water demand, financial burdens of increased non-payments, and operational challenges due to a reduced workforce and supply chain bottlenecks. Areas of concern include customer protection, financial security, public communication, new technology adoption, and trust. Evidence indicates that the pandemic water crisis spurred institutional and technological innovation to increase resilience for the next shock while overall financial challenges in the post-pandemic years remain. The pandemic water crisis also revealed a stark tradeoff between household water security and water utility security, indicating that without systemic changes to policy and practice related to water affordability, the most vulnerable in the United States will continue to suffer in future crises.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138467818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sustainable wastewater management for underserved communities using federal infrastructure funds: Barriers, bottlenecks, and tradeoffs 利用联邦基础设施基金为服务不足的社区提供可持续废水管理：障碍、瓶颈和权衡

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100152

Mark A. Elliott , Amal Bakchan , Jillian Maxcy-Brown , Victor A. D'Amato , Dennis Hallahan , Kevin D. White , Cara Stallman , Sherry Bradley

{"title":"Sustainable wastewater management for underserved communities using federal infrastructure funds: Barriers, bottlenecks, and tradeoffs","authors":"Mark A. Elliott , Amal Bakchan , Jillian Maxcy-Brown , Victor A. D'Amato , Dennis Hallahan , Kevin D. White , Cara Stallman , Sherry Bradley","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite increases in federal infrastructure funding that could provide adequate wastewater management for thousands of U.S. communities, the pace of progress in small, underserved communities has been disappointing. This article addresses the major system typologies that can be implemented and the obstacles that are preventing many such communities from receiving funding and implementing systems. While preference for disadvantaged communities is incorporated into federal funding opportunities and many stakeholders prioritize the neediest communities, the embedded perverse incentives and asymmetric information present substantive obstacles to these goals. Small communities and other stakeholders have often found their efforts frustrated by a system that was designed for larger municipalities (or higher-income communities) with greater internal capacity and which is highly dependent on engineering firms, most of which prefer large projects with conventional technological approaches. Novel approaches that show promise in enabling sustainable wastewater management in low-population density, underserved communities are those that leverage existing infrastructure (e.g., gravity sewer, high-speed internet) with recent innovations in infrastructure and management (e.g., liquid-only sewer, centralized management of decentralized infrastructure) and/or incorporate creative approaches to funding and technical assistance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468312423000202/pdfft?md5=22a7dfff40773ec309554f38f5ceaba4&pid=1-s2.0-S2468312423000202-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138489630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Low-cost ceramic filtration for point-of-use water treatment in low-income countries 用于低收入国家使用点水处理的低成本陶瓷过滤

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100145

Nhamo Chaukura , Welldone Moyo , Tatenda A. Kajau , Adolph A. Muleja , Bhekie B. Mamba , Thabo TI Nkambule

{"title":"Low-cost ceramic filtration for point-of-use water treatment in low-income countries","authors":"Nhamo Chaukura , Welldone Moyo , Tatenda A. Kajau , Adolph A. Muleja , Bhekie B. Mamba , Thabo TI Nkambule","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A large proportion of the population in low-income countries (LICs) has limited access to portable drinking water. This leads to many people consuming contaminated water, which is associated with several health risks. It is thus, important to reduce exposure to water-borne pathogens and toxic chemicals through effective water treatment. In this regard, point of use (POU) water treatment techniques can ensure quality drinking water, especially where water treatment systems are compromised, or where centralized water treatment systems are non-existent. An affordable POU water treatment option for LICs is the use of ceramic filtration. The goal of this review is to evaluate the application of ceramic filtration as a POU technique in LICs. Specifically, the review aims to: (1) review previous studies on low-cost ceramic filters used in LICs, (2) evaluate the pollutant removal performance and limitations of the filters, and (3) provide future research directions. The major findings are: (1) low-cost ceramic filters are effective POU devices, (2) modification of ceramic filters improves performance, and (3) more robust multicomponent removal devices can be made from combining ceramic filtration and other techniques. Overall, this information is important for use by local authorities in LICs in formulating policies and regulations that conduce the provision of safe drinking water to disadvantaged communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468312423000135/pdfft?md5=ddfa0e718f9f20b1151a9bd2ea354bec&pid=1-s2.0-S2468312423000135-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138467819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nitrate contamination in groundwater and preferred treatment technology in rural India 印度农村地下水硝酸盐污染及优选处理技术

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100149

Ravindra Sewak, Poonam Sewak, Pooja Sarvotham Singh

{"title":"Nitrate contamination in groundwater and preferred treatment technology in rural India","authors":"Ravindra Sewak, Poonam Sewak, Pooja Sarvotham Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the impact of human activity on the levels of nitrates found in groundwater is essential. Anthropogenic sources, such as nitrogen-rich fertilizers in agriculture and animal excrement, have led to high nitrate concentrations in groundwater globally. High nitrate concentrations can cause health issues for infants, children, and adults. The Safe Water Network is working towards providing safe and affordable drinking water to communities in India, where nitrate levels in groundwater are alarmingly high. Treatment technologies such as reverse osmosis and ion exchange effectively reduce nitrate concentrations in water supplies. While the government is pursuing surface water use, it often presents higher risks of microbial contamination and elevated concentrations of contaminants from run-off. It is crucial to take measures to mitigate nitrate contamination in groundwater to ensure the health and safety of communities.</p><p>Safe Water Network serves communities with safe, affordable drinking water in Telangana and Maharashtra in India, where the nitrate levels in groundwater reach up to 300 mg/l, nearly seven times the 45 mg/l limit specified in India's national drinking water standards, making nitrate reduction essential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37308,"journal":{"name":"Water Security","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138467820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Justice and injustice in “Modular, Adaptive and Decentralized” (MAD) water systems 模块化、适应性和分散式"（MAD）供水系统中的公正与不公正

Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100151

Anais Delilah Roque , Amber Wutich , Sameer H. Shah , Cassandra L. Workman , Linda E. Méndez-Barrientos , Yasmina Choueiri , Lucas Belury , Charlayne Mitchell

引用次数: 0