{"title":"Numeric issues in test software correctness","authors":"R. G. Hayes, Gary, Hughes, Phillip M. Dorin","doi":"10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047948","url":null,"abstract":"Test system designers are comfortable with the concepts of precision and accuracy with regard to measurements achieved with modern instrumentation. In a well-designed test system, great care is taken to ensure accurate measurements, with rigorous attention to instrument specifications and calibration. However, measurement values are subjected to representation and manipulation as limited precision floating-point numbers by test software. This paper investigates some of the issues related to floating point representation of measurement values, as well as the consequences of algorithm selection. To illustrate, we consider the test case of standard deviation calculations as used in the testing of infrared focal plane arrays. We consider the concept of using statistically-based techniques for selection of an appropriate algorithm based on measurement values, and offer guidelines for the proper expression and manipulation of measurement values within popular test software programming frameworks.","PeriodicalId":372875,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings, IEEE AUTOTESTCON","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122488909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Concurrent test systems using the structured distributed-programming paradigm","authors":"R. C. Salley","doi":"10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047886","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally developers in the automatic testing community have had no viable paradigm for handling concurrent systems. Test suites that could be processed in one hour using concurrency are being processed in 24 hours sequentially. The structured distributed programming paradigm (SDPP) is a non-traditional paradigm that allows developers to conceive viable distributed/concurrent/parallel systems with the same ease and assurance that they have been conceiving regular single-process sequential systems for the past 30 years. Structured distributed programming (SDP) is primitive, recursive, and applicable at all levels from application systems to operating systems to hardware systems to network systems. SDP is a mindset like object-oriented programming (OOP) is a mindset. As with OOP, the concepts of SDP are primitive and supportable by primitive syntax/semantics in programming languages. At compile time, an OOP sequential system is completely visualizable as a tree-structured graph. At compile time, an SDP system is completely visualizable as dual graphs, one a tree-structured graph of time and the other a cyclic graph of space. Since SDP systems are completely visualizable at compile time, test systems can be guaranteed, at compile time, to never race or deadlock; to always complete, cooperate and integrate with their environment; and to be maintainable, modifiable, reliable, and scalable to any degree.","PeriodicalId":372875,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings, IEEE AUTOTESTCON","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129885566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Keenan, L. Kirkland, R. G. Wright, M. Zgol, D. Adebimpe
{"title":"Integrated circuit failure detection using IR laser","authors":"E. Keenan, L. Kirkland, R. G. Wright, M. Zgol, D. Adebimpe","doi":"10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047955","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents unique research efforts related to the use of infrared (IR) laser beams for detecting failures in integrated circuits. The transparency of the silicon substrate of ICs to radiation in the near infrared (NIR) spectrum permits a noninvasive method for imaging the component circuitry of the IC. A laser test fixture consisting of a 1064 nm continuous wave laser, CCD camera, and image acquisition board is used to generate images from flip chip integrated circuits. Multiresolution image processing techniques are then applied to the resulting images to identify potential defects.","PeriodicalId":372875,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings, IEEE AUTOTESTCON","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130120996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extending your test without extending your test system","authors":"J. Nemeth-Johannes, B. Watry","doi":"10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047874","url":null,"abstract":"Often a test system developer discovers that there is a need for just a bit more capability than the original specifications called for. This paper looks at ways of pulling out that little bit extra, using the spare, but less obvious capabilities that are built into all systems.","PeriodicalId":372875,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings, IEEE AUTOTESTCON","volume":"254 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134560799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Building test applications using timing and triggering with PXI","authors":"L. Duraiappah","doi":"10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047894","url":null,"abstract":"The PXI platform provides sophisticated synchronization capabilities for automated test applications. This paper provides a technical overview of triggering and synchronization capabilities of PXI, including the PXI Trigger Bus, the Star Trigger Bus, and the back-plane clock. The test applications of triggering and synchronization are discussed and demonstrated, including: synchronization of multiple digitizers/scopes to simultaneously sample multiple channels; synchronization of a scope (or multiple scopes) to a source to accomplish time domain measurements of the DUT response to stimulus; position based measurements (digitizers synchronized to counter/timers); synchronization of a DMM to a switch to access multiple test nodes when the DUT has settled to a steady state; and synchronization of motion control with image acquisition.","PeriodicalId":372875,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings, IEEE AUTOTESTCON","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131076618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Portable maintenance aid instrument pack-improved weapon system diagnostics","authors":"Stephen T. Maio, L. Orlidge","doi":"10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047891","url":null,"abstract":"False removals are costly and add to the logistics tail of every weapon system. Integrating portable maintenance aids (PMAs) and maintenance information systems into the test repertoire can help significantly; however, these solutions do little to augment the information available for system test and diagnosis. Adding conventional test instrumentation under PMA control would provide the additional information we seek; however, these hardware intensive solutions are typically large, heavy and expensive. VXI offers an opportunity to consolidate instrumentation into a convenient package; however VXI modules are not designed to meet the rigor associated with the MIL-PRF-28800 Class 1 environment. Moreover, the majority of VXI products provide a single function. Therefore many VXI modules are required to provide the needed functionality, resulting in an instrumentation package that is large and awkward to use at best and quite often just not useable on the flightline. This paper addresses false removals, the challenges involved in addressing this issue, and the solution that is being implemented on the RAH-66 Comanche Helicopter program. A powerful approach to instrumentation that is both powerful and useable, and the test techniques that have been developed to augment diagnostic capability on the flightline, are described.","PeriodicalId":372875,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings, IEEE AUTOTESTCON","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133057804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IVI comes of age: an overview of IVI specifications with current status","authors":"F. Bode","doi":"10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047901","url":null,"abstract":"IVI stands for Interchangeable Virtual Instruments. The IVI Foundation was formed in 1997 and is a consortium founded to promote standard specifications for programmable test instruments The IVI Foundation focuses on the needs of users who build high performance test systems. By building on existing industry standards such as VXIplug&play driver concepts, the Foundation's goal is to deliver specifications that simplify interchangeability, provide better performance and maintainable test programs. To date, only a few IVI drivers have been available. In the past year, the IVI Foundation finished a major revision of it's architecture, and has released a blizzard of specifications, increasing its IVI Class specification by 80%, and dramatically improving the consistency and quality of released drivers. The DOD has expressed major interest in IVI's success. With the recent successful completion of the current set of specifications, the DOD has expressed interest in becoming involved in defining the next set of Class Specifications. The NxTest Working Group lists IVI as a key technical element, and the DOD has recently requested that the IVI Foundation consider Electro Optical equipment for their next set of Class Specifications. A Working Group has been formed to more clearly define this activity.","PeriodicalId":372875,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings, IEEE AUTOTESTCON","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124423605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of complex signals on test equipment","authors":"M. Cornish, C. Gorringe, J. Langlois","doi":"10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047908","url":null,"abstract":"A traditional signal definition exhaustively lists every attribute and condition that it was thought the signal could possibly have. However, it is often the case that we are only interested in controlling a limited number of signal attributes and conditions. The traditional method is inflexible in this respect, leading to problems when trying to map different capabilities in a signal standard, as required for ATP (Automated Test Program) portability. In this paper we consider a concept called a Signal Graph to define a model of a single, complete signal. Each component in the Signal Graph identifies a feature or behavior that our signal will exhibit. The Signal Graph is a mechanism whereby we can define a set of features that we require, which can then be mapped onto a series or collection of suitable resources (e.g. algorithm, PC card, bus instrument, etc.). We show how complex, 'user defined' signals can be created and then mapped onto real hardware to provide a portable ATE (Automatic Test Environment) signal description, which can be used on a variety of ATEs. This paper draws upon IEEE standard SDTD (Signal Definition and Test Description) standard to utilize common components and interfacing techniques and shows how a single test description can be used for both simulation and execution.","PeriodicalId":372875,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings, IEEE AUTOTESTCON","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115111838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Streamlining customer vendor synergy through distributed test and automated issue reporting by utilizing modern test equipment connectivity and Internet infrastructure","authors":"K. K. Johnson, R. Myer","doi":"10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047969","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet is enabling a new approach to testing strategies by redistributing traditional test functions between component vendors and equipment integrators. Modern connectivity, design software and graphical programming environments have made it practical to create automated test programs that share information via the Internet. Many tests need no longer be preformed by the system integrator, but can be disturbed to the vendors resulting in powerful economic savings. System integrator, test engineers develop the test programs for their component vendors. This gives their system designers confidence in test. Results are uploaded directly to their database from vendors. Component vendors no longer have to fully re-interpret the meaning or revision of specifications, saving time, and are able to ship product with confidence of acceptance by using the integrators program. Addition benefits are gained through timely automated issue notification via email through the appropriate escalation chain. Latency elimination and file compatibility in test data can be very beneficial when it flows across company boundaries seamlessly. System designers can simulate performance even before the components arrive at their location. This paper reviews the concepts, economics and techniques for redistributing test to shorten the design cycle, increase supply chain efficiency, and reduce capital equipment budgets.","PeriodicalId":372875,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings, IEEE AUTOTESTCON","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124611604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nanotechnology impact on aircraft design and maintenance","authors":"L. Kirkland, R. G. Wright","doi":"10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AUTEST.2002.1047958","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes unique research efforts relating to the development of nanoscale devices to replace standard integrated circuits, and eventually entire electronic systems. Standard integrated circuits (IC) have limitations or restrictions in size, speed, reliability, complexity and finding suitable replacements for discontinued items. Nanoscale device development and understanding has dramatically grown. One of the key properties of quantum physics that quantum computers rely on is the ability of certain atoms or nuclei to work together as quantum bits. These computing devices are a fraction of the size of typical ICs (nanoscale). Nanoscale devices developed using quantum physics principles have unlimited potential to revolutionize the methods and design of fabricated printed circuit cards and complete systems. They can replace an entire PC board or the set of PC boards that comprise a Line Replaceable Unit (LRU). This would be a good and practical jumping-off point. to going direct to the complete device, system or function level. This might include a nanoscale computer (general purpose or flight control), transmitter, GPS receiver, position and/or attitude sensors in either a standalone configuration, or combined within conventional devices (e.g., a nanoscale communications suite (xmtr/rcvr, etc.). encapsulated within the Plexiglas canopy or the control yoke of an F16 rather that, behind the instrument panel or maybe the whole comm suite into the pilot's helmet.","PeriodicalId":372875,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings, IEEE AUTOTESTCON","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127424461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}