FormAkademisk最新文献_第2页

Estonian and Finnish teachers’ experiences of textile craft purposes in basic education 爱沙尼亚和芬兰教师在基础教育中纺织工艺教学的经验

FormAkademisk Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.7577/formakademisk.4632

Eva Veeber, Erja Syrjäläinen, Sirpa Kokko

引用次数: 0

Preserving the past to serve the future 保存过去，服务未来

FormAkademisk Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.7577/formakademisk.5414

Anneli Palmsköld, Karin Gustavsson, Johanna Rosenqvist

{"title":"Preserving the past to serve the future","authors":"Anneli Palmsköld, Karin Gustavsson, Johanna Rosenqvist","doi":"10.7577/formakademisk.5414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.5414","url":null,"abstract":"Lilli Zickerman (1858–1949) was an entrepreneur who took part in organising the Swedish handicraft associations in the late 19th century. She was also a pioneer in the archives and active in the feminine sphere of textile handicraft. From 1914–1931 she conducted a huge inventory called Swedish Folk Textile Art that consists of more than 24,000 photographs and descriptions of vernacular textiles and manuscripts for a planned series of books and films. By mapping textile handicrafts, she aimed to preserve traditional textile craft techniques to inspire their continued production. Her intention was to create an archive for the inspiration and education of future textile artists. The inventory has had effects that are still apparent today; this paper illuminates the ways in which Zickerman’s ideas about textile handicrafts have contributed to the continuation of Swedish cultural heritage and how it has become an authorised heritage discourse that continues to guide the scholars and practitioners involved in the history of textiles and their production. Here, we will present the first article within an ongoing project on Swedish Folk Textile Art and how it was conducted. We will contextualise the ideas and knowledge that it contains by focusing on Zickerman’s intention to preserve the past to serve the future. From a critical craft perspective, we will discuss geographical mapping as a method for investigating the inventtory; the inclusion and exclusion of geographical areas, textile techniques, materials and people; the ideas and the knowledge that are expressed in the inventory; and the networks that it created. By doing so, we aim to highlight the connections between people, between people and materials, and between history and the current day.","PeriodicalId":37241,"journal":{"name":"FormAkademisk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136235656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cutting a box hedge with a sickle 用镰刀割篱笆

FormAkademisk Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.7577/formakademisk.5443

Joakim Seiler

{"title":"Cutting a box hedge with a sickle","authors":"Joakim Seiler","doi":"10.7577/formakademisk.5443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.5443","url":null,"abstract":"United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has identified craft as an intangible cultural heritage in the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. The nature of this cultural heritage is that it must be practiced by living craftspeople to endure, and when it is performed by very few, it can be seen as endangered. This research, funded by the Carl-Göran Adelswärds Foundation, is a documentation of such a craft: cutting a box hedge with a sickle. At the same time, in this study, a master–apprentice situation was staged in order to safeguard this traditional craft and pass it on to new craftspeople. The core elements of this learning procedure are imitation and feedback. This specific craft is an ancient tradition with very few living practitioners. The garden in which this endangered craft is still practiced is Castello Ruspoli, created in 1611, when sickles where still used for cutting box hedge hedges. Thanks to the restoration and preservation by the current owners, it is one of the most well-preserved gardens from that time. One of the reasons this garden is so special is the way it is cared for by the gardener, Santino Garbuglia, using traditional craft methods that this film article will investigate and show. The author argues that some traditional gardening methods should be considered intangible cultural heritages and safeguarded as such.","PeriodicalId":37241,"journal":{"name":"FormAkademisk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136152658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A ‘reverse’ academic drift? “反向”学术漂移?

FormAkademisk Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.7577/formakademisk.5407

Stina Westerlund

{"title":"A ‘reverse’ academic drift?","authors":"Stina Westerlund","doi":"10.7577/formakademisk.5407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.5407","url":null,"abstract":"The prerequisites for formal training in Swedish educational Crafts have changed over time under the influence of two long-lasting societal processes: academisation and digitalisation. In different, yet interconnected ways, these processes of change are challenging the materiality, the making and the action-based knowledge that characterise educational Crafts. The paper presents how primary school teachers’ view the influence of academisation and digitalisation in their work and explores the consequences that change processes hold for the teaching practice in Crafts. The study is based onqualitative interviews with Craft teachers whose graduation year was between 1983 and 2021. Theoretically, Craft is considered to be a living ecology in an educational system. In the analysis, academic drifton various levels is combined with media-ecology concepts to clarify the diffusion of academisation and digitalisation in both time and space. The findings show academic drift leading to increased text-based knowledge production on several levels, yet also an unexpected weakening of action-based knowledge in Crafts. Balancing student and staff drift is further shown to result in the avoidance of written text in favour of digital visual, oral and bodily mediations in the production of knowledge. The study’s overall results question an ongoing ‘reverse’ academic drift and what is at stake in the Crafts ecology’s efforts to achieve balance.","PeriodicalId":37241,"journal":{"name":"FormAkademisk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136153820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When wood cladding degenerates 当木包层退化时

FormAkademisk Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.7577/formakademisk.5401

Géraldine Brun

{"title":"When wood cladding degenerates","authors":"Géraldine Brun","doi":"10.7577/formakademisk.5401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.5401","url":null,"abstract":"For several decades, the mechanisms of decay of wood exposed outdoor have been scrutinized in order to ameliorate the performances of this versatile material when used for purposes such as house cladding. Performance of cladding seems to be highly depending on durability of wood, in its turn directly connected to water uptake which can vary a lot. How long a cladding can function for is particularly complicated to define also because of its paradoxical role of sacrificial and aesthetic layer. Anyhow, thanks to small reparations and maintenance, many traditional claddings are still preserved. They have been produced and maintained with local resources and show that low-processed wood can be durable in outdoor conditions. The contrast with modern approaches such as wood modification or importation of durable species, lifts the question: what durability of wood is concretely required for cladding purposes? The exhibition shows characteristics of wood weathered for up to hundreds of years, allowing to understand what impact damages can have on cladding’s performance. The samples, issued from traditional French and Scandinavian facades, illustrate how exposure level influences degradation, confirming the role of rot and revealing the one of erosion in degeneration of wood cladding. Both Alder and Pine seem to have the potential to naturally perform well as cladding for longer than it takes for the trees to regenerate. Traditions might teach us how to use local wood in a durable way if we consider biodegradation as an opportunity to build without creating wastes, rather than as a threat.","PeriodicalId":37241,"journal":{"name":"FormAkademisk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136154095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reconstructing the use of plumb level from a 19th century clinker boat tradition 重建使用铅垂尺从19世纪的熟料船传统

FormAkademisk Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.7577/formakademisk.5413

Fredrik Leijonhufvud

{"title":"Reconstructing the use of plumb level from a 19th century clinker boat tradition","authors":"Fredrik Leijonhufvud","doi":"10.7577/formakademisk.5413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.5413","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, vernacular Nordic clinker boats are built without plans or templates. The local boat traditions all have a system of design that was handed over from master to apprentice. In some local traditions, a simple plumb level was used to guide the boatbuilder. The plumb level was placed on the planks of the hull during the build to give them the right angles of inclination in certain parts of the hull. Knowledge of how to use this plumb level is still considered part of living, unbroken traditions in some areas. In some local traditions, however, there are no longer any living tradition bearers that have the knowledge of how this tool was used in the local context. In this contribution, I will discuss how this lost knowledge can be reconstructed using old artefacts as a source material. I am investigating the tradition of building vernacular, clinker-built boats called ‘öka’ for sailing and rowing. This specific boat building tradition was located in the 19th century Stockholm archipelago. The artefacts in this case are preserved boats built in the old tradition and preserved plumb levels from closely related traditions. A central question in this context is to locate the exact positions in the boat that were measured by the plumb level. Working with reverse engineering, the measuring can be performed on preserved boats, but the right places for measuring still must be located to reconstruct the knowledge of how and where to use the tool. Some preserved plumb levels have markings that can be used in this investigation to match the locations and angles in the preserved boats. In this contribution, I will also discuss the possibility of applying the traditional measuring methods used by the old boatbuilders in today´s surveys and reconstructions, not translating the craft object into a digital 3D model or a lines plan.","PeriodicalId":37241,"journal":{"name":"FormAkademisk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136154099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Negotiating authenticity and biodiversity in heritage gardens 探讨遗产园林的真实性和生物多样性

FormAkademisk Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.7577/formakademisk.5432

Emma Grönlund, Joakim Seiler

{"title":"Negotiating authenticity and biodiversity in heritage gardens","authors":"Emma Grönlund, Joakim Seiler","doi":"10.7577/formakademisk.5432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.5432","url":null,"abstract":"With this paper we explore and discuss the priorities of and possible goal conflicts between authenticity and climate change in heritage gardens. How can climate change mitigation, adaptation, resilience, and cultural heritage conservation be combined in heritage gardens? Our study was guided by the following research question: How do gardeners negotiate climate change and authenticity in heritage gardens? From Rachel Carson's Silent Spring in the 1960s through to the 2002 report Gardening in the Global Greenhouse and the recent Gardening in a Changing World in 2022 mankind's impact on the environment and the emerging climate change has been the focus of increasing attention. By investigating and interviewing multiple gardeners our objective was to pinpoint common challenges, as well as what can be learned from one another within the field of gardening and heritage conservation. The case study method was adopted for this study, involving three head gardeners in the United Kingdom. Interviews were conducted with Joseph Atkin at Aberglasney Gardens, Claire Greenslade at Hestercombe Gardens, and Steve Lannin at Iford Manor about their expertise and knowledge. The gardeners expressed concern regarding climate change and the challenges it poses. The interviewees shared their experience with drought, reduced use of pesticides and herbicides, and the peat legislation in relation to their role as head gardeners. We argue that authenticity and the traditional gardening practised before the advent of power tools, plastic, peat issues, and uninformed transportation can be part of the solution to loss of biodiversity and climate change. This paper identifies some of the obstacles encountered in relation to negotiating questions of authenticity and climate change in heritage gardens.","PeriodicalId":37241,"journal":{"name":"FormAkademisk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136235204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changes in Craft Education 工艺教育的变化

FormAkademisk Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.7577/formakademisk.5422

Māra Urdziņa-Deruma

{"title":"Changes in Craft Education","authors":"Māra Urdziņa-Deruma","doi":"10.7577/formakademisk.5422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.5422","url":null,"abstract":"In Latvia, the aim, content, and name of the subject of craft education have changed several times. The most recent transformation to “craft education” has been made following the general education reform, which has been gradually implemented since 2020. This study aims to investigate how the purpose and content of craft learning in Latvian comprehensive schools have changed as a result of this reform in comparison to the previous period. A qualitative study was carried out by analysing normative documents and interviewing design and technology teachers (N = 9) with at least 10 years of experience. The document analysis shows that the goal of teaching craft education has shifted from using craft as an opportunity to improve the quality of the living environment through creative involvement in techniques to producing valuable objects for oneself and society through the design process. The most significant change in the content is that craft is taught through the design process. Moreover, every pupil learns all the techniques; previously, students chose textile or woodwork and metalwork techniques from grade 5. According to the interviews, the skills acquired in each technique are at a lower level compared to the previous period, as the number of hours allocated to each technique does not allow pupils to pay in-depth attention to the tasks. The products made by the students have also become more straightforward. Finally, more time is spent on idea generation, planning, and evaluation.","PeriodicalId":37241,"journal":{"name":"FormAkademisk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136235457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The story behind an exhibited rag rug 展出的破地毯背后的故事

FormAkademisk Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.7577/formakademisk.5397

Lena Håkanson

{"title":"The story behind an exhibited rag rug","authors":"Lena Håkanson","doi":"10.7577/formakademisk.5397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.5397","url":null,"abstract":"In my paper, I describe my insights as manager of the textile workshop at the Department of Design at Linnaeus University, as well as how we teach material-based work. Part of my work as a workshop manager is to conduct a major clean-up at the end of every year. Last year, when I was standing in front of a pile of waste textiles, I began to reflect on how this pile of textile had been transformed from well-working material into waste. In a previous project with the research group Praktikforum, together with my colleagues, I explored what kinds of waste we produced when we made material-based artistic work. Thus, it was no surprise that practice-based work produced waste. The surprise was what I could understand from it. Looking closer into the waste, I obtained a deeper understanding of what had happened in the workshop during the year; how the students had used the material, what they had learned and what sometimes went wrong became obvious. I gained a deeper understanding of how we use, understand and teach/learn about materials and how we can develop the workshop by learning from the waste. At the same time, I learned the technique of ‘inbraiding’. For me, this was a new craft technique, in which waste textiles can be used when making rugs. I saw the opportunity to use the waste and upcycle it. By exhibiting the rug, I want to discuss the possibility of working more sustainably with crafts.","PeriodicalId":37241,"journal":{"name":"FormAkademisk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136154111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Post-COVID craft education 新冠肺炎后工艺教育

FormAkademisk Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.7577/formakademisk.5417

Cecilia Heffer

{"title":"Post-COVID craft education","authors":"Cecilia Heffer","doi":"10.7577/formakademisk.5417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.5417","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a hybrid model of teaching and learning that proposes new possibilities for exchanging tangible and intangible cross-cultural knowledge in textile craft education. The paper aims to demonstrate how online platforms can be used creatively to disseminate traditional craft knowledge and skills in new ways. The discussion centres on a unique virtual global studio between fashion and textile undergraduate students at the University of Technology Sydney and on an artisanal woodblock print studio, Tharangini, based in Bengaluru (Bangalore), India. The hybrid workshop was an adaptation of the studio in response to travel restrictions caused by the pandemic. The author argues that while the internet cannot replace the immersive cultural experience of studying in another country, digital platforms have a place alongside teaching to offer otherwise impossible opportunities. This paper explores a methodology for disseminating craft knowledge and skills across cultures through a combination of online and in-house practicum. Classes were structured around weekly Zoom sessions with Director Padmini Govind, where sustainable approaches to print production were disseminated through a suite of commissioned films and hand-carved woodblocks to explore on campus. The results show how this unique adaptation allowed students to interact with the artisan craft of woodblock printing in rich and varied ways, and it proposes that this novel hybrid model can be creatively adapted to future craft education in the 2020s.","PeriodicalId":37241,"journal":{"name":"FormAkademisk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136154118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0