Veterinary and Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"Risk factors for subclinical endometritis and its effect on reproductive performance in small-scale dairy farms","authors":"Fernando Villaseñor-González ,&nbsp;Luis Javier Montiel-Olguín ,&nbsp;Mario Alfredo Espinosa-Martínez ,&nbsp;Marina Durán-Aguilar ,&nbsp;Feliciano Milian-Suazo ,&nbsp;Héctor Raymundo Vera-Ávila","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study aimed to evaluate the effect of subclinical endometritis (SCE) on reproductive performance and identify risk factors for this pathology in small-scale dairies. In four small-scale dairies, 608 lactations were monitored for health issues, nutritional status, and reproductive events, and SCE was diagnosed based on endometrial polymorphonuclear counting (PMN%) at 30±5 (SCE30) and 60±5 (SCE60) days postpartum. The threshold for diagnosis was established according to the quartile distribution of PMN%; 4 % and 2 % for SCE30 and SCE60. Conception rate at first service (CRFS), number of services per conception (SC), and days open (DO) were analyzed for SCE effect through Chi-square or ANOVA. Events of interest were considered in each lactation to perform a risk factor analysis using univariate logistic regression and multiple logistic regression model building. The population attributable fraction was calculated to identify the most important risk factors. Considering both sampling periods, 40.5 % of the cows were positive for SCE. SCE30-positive cows had lower CRFS (38.9 vs 53.7 %), required 0.4 more SC, and had 20.2 more DO than SCE30-negative cows (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.001). SCE60-positive cows had 16 more DO than SCE60-negative cows (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.01). The most important risk factors for SCE30 were retained fetal membranes (RFM) and uterine diseases, while calving season, RFM, and SCE30 status were the risk factors for SCE60. SCE could represent a major problem in small-scale dairies due to its prevalence and negative effect on reproductive performance. Furthermore, there are identifiable risk factors for SCE under these production conditions, which should be considered when designing prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100422"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11745807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of κ-casein expressions and dairy herd improvement indices in Chinese Holstein cows of diverse κ-casein genotypes and transcripts","authors":"Xiaoyang Wang ,&nbsp;Pinhui Wu ,&nbsp;Xiuyang Xu ,&nbsp;Linfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Tong Fu ,&nbsp;Kaizhen Liu ,&nbsp;Tengyun Gao ,&nbsp;Wenqing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>κ-casein (κ-CN, <em>CSN3</em>) variants affect milk composition, processing, milk protein content and milk yield. Whether the <em>CSN3</em> mutation affects the expression of its own genes, which in turn affects the casein content and milk production, is unknown. To address this question, we conducted an experiment on the effects of κ-CN genotypes and transcripts on κ-CN expression and DHI indices. Through PCR sequencing, PCR-RFLP, western blot and PCA analysis, the expression of κ-CN in the κ-CN BB genotype was significantly greater than that in AA genotype and AB genotype (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). For the heterozygous κ-CN AB genotype, there was no significant difference in the expression level of κ-CN between transcript A and transcript B (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). The κ-CN transcripts were more suitable than the κ-CN genotypes as classification indicators associated with dairy herd improvement (DHI) indices such as milk protein content and milk production. Therefore, κ-CN variants do affect the content of κ-CN in milk, but it cannot be confirmed that the content of the κ-CN B variant is definitely higher than the κ-CN A variant, nor can the difference law in milk protein content be confirmed. This phenomenon may be related to regulatory changes caused by in the non-coding region of κ-CN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Productive performance, rumen parameters, carcass quality, antioxidant profile and methane emission in lambs supplemented with triticale hay","authors":"G.A. Izadi ,&nbsp;Y. Rouzbehan ,&nbsp;J. Rezaei ,&nbsp;M.J. Abarghuei","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to measure the effects of different dietary concentrations of triticale hay (TH) on productive performance, carcass characteristics, microbial protein synthesis (MPS), ruminal and blood variables, and antioxidant power in 40 fattening male Gray Shirazi lambs (BW of 33.2 ± 1.1 kg) over 81 days in a completely randomized design (10 animals/diet). Four levels of TH (0.00, 13.30, 26.50, and 40.00 g/100 g dry matter; DM) were included in the diet, instead of alfalfa hay + barley straw. Dietary inclusion of TH decreased DM and nutrient intakes, but increased phenolic and flavonoid intakes, and digestibility of DM and nutrients (L, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Feeding TH did not affect daily gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass weight, dressing percentage, and <em>Longissimus</em> muscle area, decreased (L, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) fat-tail, total carcass fat, and carcass stearic acid but increased (L, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) lean-to-total carcass fat ratio, carcass oleic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acids (FA), and antioxidant power. Dietary TH increased ruminal MPS and cellulolytic bacteria but decreased ammonia-N, protozoa, and <em>in vitro</em> methane production (L, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Nitrogen retention and rumen short-chain FA were not affected by TH addition. Increasing dietary TH levels lowered (L, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) blood cholesterol, triglyceride, and urea-N, but did not affect glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, nitrate, and nitrite. Overall, TH can be included, up to 40 % of DM in the diet of fattening lambs, without effects on performance, to improve carcass quality, FA composition, and antioxidant capacity and reduce ruminal methane production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100417"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11733181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in hematological and hematochemical parameters in lactating dairy sheep according to different pasture management and heat stress risk: A longitudinal study","authors":"Luca Turini ,&nbsp;Giulia Foggi ,&nbsp;Alberto Mantino ,&nbsp;Elisa Gasparoni ,&nbsp;Francesca Vichi ,&nbsp;Alina Silvi ,&nbsp;Giovanni Armenia ,&nbsp;Giulia Sala ,&nbsp;Francesca Bonelli ,&nbsp;Micaela Sgorbini ,&nbsp;Marcello Mele","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sheep in Italy are exposed to heat stress (HS) for several months, increasing the risk of HS-related problems such as the decrease in growth, reproductive performance, milk quantity and quality and natural immunity. This study aimed to assess changes in hematological and biochemical parameters in dairy sheep from three different farms with varying pasture management: A (no water or shade), B (water but no shade), and C (both water and shade). From March to June, when HS risk is high, monthly blood samples (T1-T4) were collected from 20 sheep per farm (total n = 60). Blood parameters included red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB), urea, creatinine, and total protein (TP). The impact of HS and management on these parameters was analyzed using a mixed linear model. Heat stress was classified using temperature-humidity index (THI) evaluated in the sampling day in “no HS”, “moderate HS”, “severe HS” or “extreme HS”. Severe HS was observed at T3 and extreme HS at T4. At T4, RBC levels were significantly higher in A compared to C. Both HCT and HGB levels at T3 and T4 were significantly higher in A and B compared to C. Urea levels were higher in A and B compared to C at T1 and T3, in A compared to B and C at T2, and in DSF B compared to C at T4. TP concentrations varied between farms and over time, with significant differences at T1 (B vs C), T2 (A vs B; C), T3 (A vs B vs C), and T4 (A vs B; C). These findings suggest that pasture management may influence blood and biochemical parameters under HS condition, and they could potentially be used as a tool for implementing health and welfare monitoring of grazing dairy sheep. Providing shade and water may improve sheep health in hot climates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100419"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of genes associated with longevity in dogs: 9 candidate genes described in Cavalier King Charles Spaniel","authors":"Evžen Korec ,&nbsp;Lenka Ungrová ,&nbsp;Josef Kalvas ,&nbsp;Jiří Hejnar","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the past years, dogs have served as a convenient natural model organism for longevity due to their similarity with humans concerning not only their environment but also the diseases and complications occurring in older age. Since many dog breeds have significantly shorter lifespan than their closely related breeds, identification of genes associated with longevity may help to elucidate its background and serve as a possible tool for selective breeding of long-living dogs. This genome-wide association study (GWAS) was undertaken to identify the candidate genes associated with longevity in Cavalier King Charles Spaniel individuals that have reached the age of more than 13 years. We described 15 SNPs localized in nine genes: <em>B3GALNT1, NLRP1</em> like, <em>PARP14, IQCJ-SCHIP1, COL9A1, COL19A1, SDHAF4, B3GAT2,</em> and <em>DIRC2</em> that are associated with longevity in purebred Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. These results are promising for future research and possible selective breeding of companion dogs with extended lifespan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100420"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of assisted calving and retained fetal membranes on milk production in the smallholder farming system","authors":"Mario Alfredo Espinosa-Martínez ,&nbsp;Héctor Raymundo Vera-Ávila ,&nbsp;Eliab Estrada-Cortés ,&nbsp;Felipe de Jesús Ruiz-López ,&nbsp;Luis Javier Montiel-Olguín","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of assisted calving, retained fetal membranes (RFM) and calf sex on milk production in small-scale dairy systems remains unknown. This study evaluated their impact on early lactation milk production and standardized 305-day yield (305MY) using 279 lactation records from 23 farms over 18 months. Variables analyzed included assisted calving, RFM, calf sex, and lactation number, with milk production at 30 days and 305MY as response variables. General Linear Models were used for statistical analysis, with significance at P &lt; 0.05, and trends at P &lt; 0.1. Lactation number significantly affected early lactation milk production (P = 0.023), with RFM showing a trend toward significance (P = 0.078). Cows without RFM produced 21.8 ± 0.8 kg/day, while those with RFM produced 18.6 ± 1.7 kg/day. Assisted calving significantly affected 305MY (P &lt; 0.05), with cows not requiring assistance having higher yields compared to those needing assistance. Interactions between assisted calving and lactation number (P = 0.099), as well as RFM and calf sex (P = 0.060), approached significance. In cows that did not require assisted calving, no significant differences in 305MY were found based on lactation number (P ≥ 0.05). However, in cows that required assisted calving, significant differences in 305MY (P &lt; 0.05) were observed between first and third or higher lactations, with second-lactation cows having average values. Additionally, cows without RFM that gave birth to female calves had higher 305MY compared to cows with RFM or those that gave birth to male calves with RFM or without RFM. In conclusion, RFM reduces early lactation milk production by approximately 3.2 kg/day, and assisted calving impacts 305MY by about 1,069 kg/lactation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100418"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple benefits of herbs: Polygonaceae species in veterinary pharmacology and livestock nutrition","authors":"Zafide Türk ,&nbsp;Florian Leiber ,&nbsp;Theresa Schlittenlacher ,&nbsp;Matthias Hamburger ,&nbsp;Michael Walkenhorst","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herbs rich in secondary metabolites may possess beneficial properties in livestock nutrition and health. 49 Polygonaceae species of European mountain regions were included in a qualitative systematic review based on the methodological framework of the PRISMA statement. 174 relevant publications were identified. They comprised 231 <em>in vitro</em> and 163 <em>in vivo</em> experiments with cattle, sheep, goats, poultry, pigs, and rodents. For 16 Polygonaceae species no reports were found. <em>Fagopyrum esculentum</em> and <em>Fagopyrum tataricum</em> showed potential as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and metabolic modifying herbs and feeds improving intake and nitrogen conversion in broiler as well as milk quality and ruminal biotransformation in dairy cows. <em>Polygonum aviculare</em> was promising as an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drug or feed, improving performance and affecting ruminal biotransformation in sheep, and <em>Polygonum bistorta</em> as an anti-inflammatory drug or feed, improving performance in broiler and mitigating methane emissions in ruminants. <em>Rumex obtusifolius</em> showed potential as an antibacterial drug or feed improving ruminal biotransformation and preventing bloating in cows, while <em>Rumex acetosa</em> and <em>Rumex acetosella</em> had antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, <em>Polygonum minus, Polygonum persicaria, Rumex crispu</em>s and <em>Rumex patienti</em>a possess interesting anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. In conclusion, some Polygonaceae species show relevant properties that might be useful to prevent and treat livestock diseases, combined with nutritional benefits in performance, product quality, lowering ruminal methane and ammonia formation and transferring omega-3 fatty-acids from feed to tissue. The potential of such multifunctional plants for a holistic integration of veterinary, nutritional and ecological perspectives under a one-health approach of livestock management is discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local agro-industrial by-products offer feasible options to supplement breeding rams in mixed farming systems of Ethiopia","authors":"Tesfa Getachew ,&nbsp;Bimrew Asmare ,&nbsp;Ashraf Alkhtib ,&nbsp;Wamatu Jane","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed the supplemental effect of flushing Menz breeding rams with local agro-industrial by-products on their reproductive performance and semen quality. In a completely randomized design, rams (<em>n</em> <em>=</em> 49) with an initial weight of 25.69+2.8 kg and average age of 18.79±3.9 months were allocated to seven treatments with seven replicates. Supplementation consisted of varying combinations of metabolizable energy (7.02, 8.14, 9.91 MJ ME/kg DM) and crude protein (CP) (8.17 and 12.5 %) levels above the basal diet (pasture grazing). The experimental treatments were control, T0 (8 h of free grazing in natural pasture and fallow lands providing 4.7 MJ/Kg metabolizable energy and 6.65 CP) supplemented with T1 (500 g oats grain), T2 (500 g maize bran), T3 (500 g wheat bran), T4 (300 g oat grain +150 g broken lentil grain), T5 (300 g maize bran + 150 g broken lentil grain), T6 (400 g wheat bran). Supplementation significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) improve body condition score, scrotal circumference, semen ejaculation volume, spermatozoa concentration, and predictive potential of rams to serve ewes. Notably, all variables within the supplemented groups showed no significant differences (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05), except for scrotal circumference, where T1 and T3 showed a greater increase (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) compared to other treatments. High and positive correlations (<em>r</em> = 0.89) between scrotal circumference and volume of semen were observed. Semen volume and concentration correlated positively (<em>r</em> = 0.7 and <em>r</em> = 0.9 respectively) with the rams’ potential to serve ewes. It is concluded that the reproductive activity of Menz rams is influenced by their nutritional state. Agro-industrial by-products can supply adequate protein and energy levels to enhance reproductive potential of rams. The studied agro-industrial by-products are relatively inexpensive and easily accessible compared to commercial concentrates. Hence, based on the cost-effectiveness of supplementary feed used; it is recommended that T3 and T6 wheat bran-based supplementation strategies be employed to enhance the reproductive performance, semen quality, and the potential of Menz rams to serve ewes. Further research is needed to evaluate how different seasons affect the levels of protein and energy supplementation required for ram flushing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100413"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute phase proteins in canine and feline fetal fluids during the second half of gestation","authors":"Hossein Sahraei ,&nbsp;Asghar Mogheiseh ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Doudmani ,&nbsp;Nasrin Kazemipour ,&nbsp;Saeed Nazifi","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aimed to evaluate the acute phase proteins (serum amyloid A, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, and C-reactive protein) profile in canine and feline fetal fluids during the second half of gestation. Seventeen pregnant domestic short-hair queens and 19 pregnant mixed-breed bitches were enrolled. Animals were divided into three groups according to their gestational age (30–39, 40–49, and 50–60 days). After ovariohysterectomy and sample collection, the concentration of the mentioned APPs was measured by the ELISA method. There was an increasing trend in the concentration of APPs in canine fetal fluids alongside increasing pregnancy age, but these changes were not statistically significant. Canine amniotic SAA concentration was significantly higher than allantoic. The highest concentration of SAA and CRP in the feline fetal fluids was observed at days 40–49, and the maximum concentration of AGP was observed at days 50–60. For the first time, the current study investigated the APPs profile in canine and feline fetal fluids during pregnancy. The maximum concentration of APPs was observed at the end of canine pregnancy and at days 40–49 of feline pregnancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100415"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a sensitive disease-screening model using comprehensive circulating microRNA profiles in dogs: A pilot study","authors":"Kohei Omura ,&nbsp;Kaori Ide ,&nbsp;Masashi Takahashi ,&nbsp;Yu Furusawa ,&nbsp;Masanori Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Yuichi Miyagawa ,&nbsp;Aki Fujiwara-Igarashi ,&nbsp;Takahiro Teshima ,&nbsp;Yoshiaki Kubo ,&nbsp;Akiko Yasuda ,&nbsp;Karin Yoshida ,&nbsp;Noriyuki Hayakawa ,&nbsp;Masato Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Momoi","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the veterinary field, the utility of disease-identification models that use comprehensive circulating microRNA (miRNA) profiles produced through measurements based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) remains unproven. To integrate NGS technology with automated machine learning (autoML) to create a comprehensive circulating miRNA profile and to assess the clinical utility of a disease-screening model derived from this profile. The study involved dogs diagnosed with or being treated for various diseases, including tumors, across multiple veterinary clinics (<em>n</em> = 254), and healthy dogs without apparent diseases (<em>n</em> = 91). miRNA was extracted from EDTA-treated plasma, and a comprehensive analysis was conducted of one million reads per sample using NGS. Then autoML technology was applied to develop a diagnostic model based on miRNA. Among these models, the one with the highest performance was chosen for evaluation. The diagnostic model, based on the comprehensive circulating miRNA profile developed in this study, achieved an AUC score of 0.89, with a sensitivity of 85 % and a specificity of 88 % for the disease samples. The miRNA-based diagnostic model demonstrated high sensitivity for disease groups and has the potential to be an effective screening test. This study indicates that a comprehensive miRNA profile in dog plasma could serve as a highly sensitive blood biomarker.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100414"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}