Veterinary and Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"Effect of various flavors in starter diets on growth, behavior, and blood parameters of Holstein calves","authors":"Somayeh Fathi,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Norouzian,&nbsp;Behzad Khorrami,&nbsp;Ali Assadi-Alamouti,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Bakhtiarizadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the effect of adding various flavors to calf starter concentrates on the performance, behavior, and blood parameters of Holstein dairy calves. The hypothesis was that an optimal flavor enhancer would increase starter intake, improve growth performance, and possibly enable earlier weaning without adverse physiological effects. In Experiment 1, a cafeteria test was conducted with 80 pre-weaned calves to evaluate four synthetic flavor enhancers (salty, sweet, sour, bitter) at levels of 3.3, 6.6, and 9.9 g/kg dry matter (DM)<span><span>¹</span></span>, and a control without a flavor enhancer. Experiment 2 tested higher levels (9.9, 19.8, 29.7 g/kg DM) of the sweet flavor enhancer sodium saccharin in a single cafeteria test with 20 calves. Experiment 3 compared three sweet flavor enhancers (sodium saccharin, stevia, sucralose) at 9.9 g/kg DM in another cafeteria test with 20 calves. After selecting sodium saccharin at 9.9 g/kg DM as the optimal flavor enhancer, Experiment 4 was conducted with 40 calves divided into a treatment group receiving the flavored starter and a control group without flavor. In Experiment 1, sodium saccharin at 9.9 g/kg DM resulted in the highest dry matter intake (DMI)<span><span>²</span></span> of 347 g/d, significantly higher than the control (173 g/d). Experiment 2 revealed a quadratic effect with DMI peaking at 9.9 g/kg DM sodium saccharin (201.0 g/d) and declining at higher levels. Experiment 3 confirmed that sodium saccharin outperformed other sweet flavor enhancers, increasing DMI to 350 g/d compared to 251 g/d for the control. In Experiment 4, calves fed the starter concentrate with 9.9 g/kg DM sodium saccharin showed significantly higher DMI (1749 g/d), average daily gain (ADG<span><span>³</span></span>; 730 g/d), and feed conversion ratio (FCR;<span><span>⁴</span></span> 2.05) compared to the control group (DMI 1470 g/d, ADG 650 g/d, FCR 2.36). Furthermore, calves in the flavored treatment were weaned earlier (59 days) than the control group (64 days). Behavioral observations showed that the sweet flavor treatment increased the time spent on solid feed intake, rumination, and standing behavior. Calves fed the flavored starter had lower levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood urea nitrogen, suggesting improved nutrient utilization. Overall, the results demonstrated the potential benefits of incorporating sodium saccharin as a sweet flavor enhancer in calf starter concentrates, leading to improved feed intake, growth performance, feed efficiency, final body weight (FBW)<span><span>⁵</span></span>, and behavioral patterns during the critical pre-weaning and post-weaning periods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000553/pdfft?md5=0930f461e7e9f3a8ad4aec6def478420&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000553-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142050166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serial kinematic analysis using inertial measurement units in growing dogs at risk of hip dysplasia","authors":"P. Blättler ,&nbsp;M. Altermatt ,&nbsp;M. Röhrich ,&nbsp;N. Grütter","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, 54 dogs were examined at regular intervals from 12 weeks to 15 months of age using a gait analysis system based on inertial measurement sensors. At the end of the study, the dogs were examined for hip dysplasia (HD) and elbow dysplasia (ED) under sedation and officially classified at the Dysplasia Commission in Zurich. Gait parameters which are characteristic for the gait pattern of dogs, were calculated according to recent publications. These parameters were analysed for variance throughout the entire study period and assigned to healthy dogs and those suffering from HD. The findings of the study show that dogs suffering from HD exhibit a more unsteady gait pattern, e.g. higher variance, as they grow.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000528/pdfft?md5=9078bd407ad75d303e53faadd3166587&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000528-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of castration method on porcine skeletal muscle fiber traits and transcriptome profiles","authors":"Klavdija Poklukar ,&nbsp;Anja Erbežnik ,&nbsp;Gregor Fazarinc ,&nbsp;Kevin Kress ,&nbsp;Nina Batorek-Lukač ,&nbsp;Martin Škrlep ,&nbsp;Volker Stefanski ,&nbsp;Marjeta Čandek-Potokar ,&nbsp;Milka Vrecl","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examined the effects of immunocastration and surgical castration on the histomorphometric and transcriptome traits of the porcine skeletal muscle. We hypothesized that the differences in duration of androgen deprivation resulting from different castration methods influence skeletal muscle biology in a muscle-specific manner. This was tested by analyzing samples of m. longissimus dorsi (LD) and m. semispinalis capitis (SSC) from immunocastrated (IC; <em>n</em> = 12), entire male (EM; <em>n</em> = 12), and surgically castrated (SC; <em>n</em> = 12) pigs using enzyme/immunohistochemical classification and histomorphometric analysis of myofibers, quantitative PCR, and RNA sequencing. The results confirmed the distinctive histomorphometric profiles of LD and SSC and the castration method related muscle-specific effects at the histomorphometric and transcriptome levels. Long-term androgen deficiency (surgical castration) significantly reduced the proportion of fast-twitch type IIa myofibers in LD (<em>P</em> <em>&lt;</em> <em>0.05</em>), whereas short-term androgen deprivation (immunocastration) reduced the cross-sectional area of oxidative type I myofibers in SSC (<em>P</em> <em>&lt;</em> <em>0.05</em>). At the transcriptional level, glycolytic LD adapted to long- and short-term androgen deprivation by upregulating genes controlling myoblast proliferation and differentiation to maintain fiber size. In contrast, increased protein degradation through the ubiquitin ligase-mediated atrophy pathway (significantly increased <em>TRIM63</em> and <em>FBXO32</em> expression; <em>P</em> <em>&lt;</em> <em>0.05</em>) could underly reduced cross-sectional area of type I myofibers in the oxidative SSC in IC. Potential candidate genes (<em>HK2, ARID5B, SERPINE1</em>, and <em>SCD</em>) linked to specific metabolic profiles and meat quality traits were also identified in IC, providing a foundation for studying the effects of immunocastration on skeletal muscle fiber and carcass/meat quality traits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000504/pdfft?md5=740f84f824c63aef45a8028b03c6992b&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000504-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141847240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of forage feeding level on ruminal pH and metabolic adaptation of the rumen epithelium in pre-weaned Jersey calves","authors":"Madeline N. Bennett ,&nbsp;Dana E. McCurdy ,&nbsp;Anne H. Laarman","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this study was to determine the effect of limiting forage provision in pre-weaned calves on ruminal pH and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) transport capacity during the pre-weaning period. Twelve Jersey bull calves (age = 1.9 ± 0.8 d) were housed individually on sand. All calves were fed milk replacer at 1,200 g/d and texturized grain-based starter ad libitum from birth. Calves were randomly assigned one of two treatments: ad libitum forage (<strong>ALF</strong>) or limited forage provision, where forage was limited to 90 g/d as-fed (<strong>LFP</strong>). Individual feed intake was recorded daily, calf weights, and jugular blood samples were collected weekly. Once calves consumed 680 g/d of calf starter, ruminal pH was measured for seven days after which calves were humanely killed and rumen fluid sampled. During the pre-weaning period, starter intake, feed efficiency, plasma glucose and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentration, SCFA concentration, average daily gain, and body weight were not different between treatments. Forage intake for ALF calves was greater than LFP beginning at wk 9 (255 ± 34 vs. 71 ± 40 g/d, respectively). Compared to ALF, LFP decreased mean ruminal pH (6.38 ± 0.16 vs. 5.98 ± 0.23) and duration of time where rumen pH was below 5.8 (796 ± 145 vs. 261 ± 133 min/d). Epithelial markers of SCFA transport and cell homeostasis (MCT1, NBC1, NHE3) were not affected by treatment. In conclusion, incidence of sub-acute ruminal acidosis in limited forage-fed calves did not have the same effects on intake and nutrient transporters seen in adult cows.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000516/pdfft?md5=8042d6542506bd6d7017856c6769ce73&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000516-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141841169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative protein sources in aquafeed: Current scenario and future perspectives","authors":"Valentina Serra ,&nbsp;Grazia Pastorelli ,&nbsp;Doriana Eurosia Angela Tedesco ,&nbsp;Lauretta Turin ,&nbsp;Alessandro Guerrini","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fish meal represents the main protein source for most commercially farmed aquatic species, as it is characterized by high nutritional value and lack of anti-nutritional factors. However, its availability and the market price have been recognized as serious problems at least for over a decade, making it necessary to search for non-conventional protein sources, as an alternative to fish meals. This review aims to comprehensively examine and critically revise the use of fish meal and all alternative protein sources explored to date on the health, welfare, and growth performance of the major aquatic species commercially interesting from a global scenario. The investigation revealed that the inclusion levels of the different protein sources, plant- and animal-derived, ranged from 10 to 80 % and from 2 to 100 % respectively, in partial or complete replacement of fish meal, and generated positive effects on health, welfare, growth performance, and fillet quality. However, the results showed that above a certain level of inclusion, each protein source can negatively affect fish growth performance, metabolic activities, and other biological parameters. Moreover, it is likely that by mixing different protein sources, the combination of each ingredient causes a synergistic effect on the nutritional properties. Therefore, the future of aquatic feed formulation is expected to be based on the blend of different protein sources. Overall, the analysis highlighted the need for additional research in the field of replacing fish meals with new protein sources, given that many knowledge gaps are still to be filled on aquatic species, which deserve to be investigated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000486/pdfft?md5=a645aa50b592fbb454aad43424ab2b5e&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000486-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141847309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview of recent technological developments in bovine genomics","authors":"Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cattle are regarded as highly valuable animals because of their milk, beef, dung, fur, and ability to draft. The scientific community has tried a number of strategies to improve the genetic makeup of bovine germplasm. To ensure higher returns for the dairy and beef industries, researchers face their greatest challenge in improving commercially important traits. One of the biggest developments in the last few decades in the creation of instruments for cattle genetic improvement is the discovery of the genome. Breeding livestock is being revolutionized by genomic selection made possible by the availability of medium- and high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays coupled with sophisticated statistical techniques. It is becoming easier to access high-dimensional genomic data in cattle. Continuously declining genotyping costs and an increase in services that use genomic data to increase return on investment have both made a significant contribution to this. The field of genomics has come a long way thanks to groundbreaking discoveries such as radiation-hybrid mapping, in situ hybridization, synteny analysis, somatic cell genetics, cytogenetic maps, molecular markers, association studies for quantitative trait loci, high-throughput SNP genotyping, whole-genome shotgun sequencing to whole-genome mapping, and genome editing. These advancements have had a significant positive impact on the field of cattle genomics. This manuscript aimed to review recent advances in genomic technologies for cattle breeding and future prospects in this field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000498/pdfft?md5=cfd756298a4cc8e57e96aab8645d690f&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000498-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141842109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of low-dose ozone supplementation on motility parameters and bacterial growth in horse cryopreserved semen","authors":"Diana Fanelli ,&nbsp;Rebecca Moroni ,&nbsp;Giulia Sala ,&nbsp;Pierre Melanie ,&nbsp;Ilaria Tarabella ,&nbsp;Nicole Telleschi ,&nbsp;Saverio Maltinti ,&nbsp;Mario Giorgi ,&nbsp;Giovanni Barsotti ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Passamonti ,&nbsp;Paola Marmorini ,&nbsp;Alessandra Rota ,&nbsp;Francesco Camillo ,&nbsp;Duccio Panzani","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two studies were conducted to evaluate the use of medical ozone (O₃) in commercial extenders for equine semen cryopreservation. In the first study (Study 1), 0, 5, and 15 µg/mL of O₃ were added to diluents of refrigerated or frozen semen. Samples were evaluated for sperm kinematics at different time points for the chilled samples and after a thermoresistence test for the frozen/thawed samples. In the second study (Study 2), 0, 5, and 10 µg/mL of O₃ were added to an antibiotic-free diluent for refrigerated semen for comparison with the control group in which semen was diluted in the same diluent enriched with antibiotics. Semen sample kinematics were analyzed and an aliquot was collected after ozonification for bacteriological analyses. For Study 1 no difference was found comparing all the kinematic parameters analyzed over time, in the various treatments (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). In Study 2 the absence of antibiotics did not affect the kinematic parameters compared to the control (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). However when antibiotics were added, a smaller number of bacterial colony-forming units were detected compared to samples without antibiotics and without or with different O₃ supplementations. In conclusion, O₃ treatment at low dosages did not affect the semen kinematics, although it was ineffective in preventing bacterial overgrowth. Higher O₃ concentrations should be evaluated to explore the possibility of reducing the use of antibiotics in equine sperm conservation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000474/pdfft?md5=dacb7e0e0af60e7c91f116a85947073b&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000474-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141850589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causes of shelter cats mortality in the Czech Republic","authors":"Veronika Vojtkovská,&nbsp;Eva Voslářová,&nbsp;Vladimír Večerek","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Awareness of the causes of mortality in shelter cats can contribute to its effective reduction. The aim of this study was to investigate the causes of mortality in cat shelters in the Czech Republic, taking into account the age of the animals and their length of stay in the shelter facilities until natural death or euthanasia. A cooperation with two private no-kill shelters in the Czech Republic was established. The subject of the study were records of 3047 cats admitted to the selected shelters in the period from 2013 to 2023. A total of 357 (11.7 %) out of 3047 cats died or had to be euthanized in two monitored shelters. No significant difference (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) in the cat mortality was found between the two shelters (11.5 % and 12 %). The median length of stay of cats in the shelter until death or euthanasia was 23 days. The highest mortality was recorded in the youngest cats (≤ 6 months). The most common causes of death or euthanasia of cats in both shelters were feline infectious peritonitis (21.6 %), panleukopenia (18.5 %) and upper and lower respiratory tract infections (17.5 %). Adult and older cats were significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) more prone to death due to renal failure and cancer than young animals and kittens. The results of the study contribute to the knowledge on the health of cat population in shelters in the Czech Republic and can serve as a basis for further work that will target mortality reduction strategies in at-risk categories.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000462/pdfft?md5=07ecdf18c59a635b34cfbda05a30ad96&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000462-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141732076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of cold plasma therapy for managing subclinical mastitis in cows induced by Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis and Escherichia coli","authors":"Vida Juozaitienė,&nbsp;Vesta Jonikė,&nbsp;Dalytė Mardosaitė-Busaitienė,&nbsp;Loreta Griciuvienė,&nbsp;Evelina Kaminskienė,&nbsp;Jana Radzijevskaja,&nbsp;Vilius Venskutonis,&nbsp;Vitas Riškevičius,&nbsp;Algimantas Paulauskas","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The primary objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of cold plasma therapy in managing subclinical mastitis in cows caused by <em>Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em>. After detection of mastitis pathogens, 38 cows were selected for cold plasma therapy for five days. On the fifth day of treatment, the mastitis agents were re-examined and no causative agents were identified. An additional evaluation conducted 28 days later confirmed the absence of mastitis. Cow productivity, milk composition and quality indicators were assessed at the beginning of the experiment and 32 days from the start (28 days after treatment cessation). After the mastitis treatment, the somatic cell count decreased significantly by between 2.89 and 7.09 times, and the milk yield of the cows at the end of the experiment increased from 0.63 kg per day to 2.82 kg per day (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). These results highlight the potential of this innovative approach for managing a prevalent disease that causes substantial losses in the dairy industry. Furthermore, they lay the groundwork for expanded research involving larger sample sizes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000450/pdfft?md5=d8d88ba7a74bbfef6f831658074ebc40&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000450-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of ketoprofen and meloxicam on oxidative stress through the glutathione pathway after ketamine-xylazine anesthesia and ulcer induction in rats: A comparative study","authors":"Azin Sheverini ,&nbsp;Ali Khezrian ,&nbsp;Ali Shojaeian","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given that oxidative stress (OS) occurs as one of the complications of general anesthesia and surgical procedures, practicing the best and safest anesthesia regimen can have a significant share in various surgeries. So, this study compared the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ketoprofen (KTP) and meloxicam (MLX) on OS through the glutathione pathway after the ketamine-xylazine (K-X) anesthesia and ulcer induction in rats to suggest post-operative regimens with promising analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.</p><p>80 healthy adult male Wistar rats, were examined in this study. To obtain the baseline value cardiac blood collected of five rats, and the remaining 75 animals were randomized into three groups of 25, including (i) the control group receiving physiological serum, (ii) the experimental group 1 taking KTP, (iii) the experimental group 2, administered by MLX and all three groups received K-X combination IP after 30 min. Then, a full-thickness ulcer was induced under standard conditions, and the blood samples were collected from groups at T0, T30m, T60m, T24h, and T48h. The serum levels of the desired markers were measured. The study results revealed that the administration of K-X as an anesthetic agent made some changes in the markers of the OS-related glutathione (GSH) pathway. Moreover, KTP and MLX, significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) augmented the reduced GSH (rGSH), lowered the GSSG, increased the total values of the glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and the rGSH, reduced the rGSH/GSSG ratio, and accelerated the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, but they had high inhibitory effects on the glutathione reductase (GR). Accordingly, both drugs could maintain the balance between the OS markers, caused by general anesthesia. In general, KTP can be a suitable regimen in surgeries wherein analgesia is of importance for less than 24 h, but MLX can be a preferable option if longer analgesia is needed for more than 24 h.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100377"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000449/pdfft?md5=39119a52d2dc395fbf869e688935ba30&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000449-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141694452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}