{"title":"Revisiting “Graphic Design: Fine Art or Social Science?”—The Question of Quality in Communication Design","authors":"Jorge Frascara","doi":"10.1016/j.sheji.2022.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sheji.2022.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 1988, I published an article on the criteria for quality in communication design. This article revisits the issues I raised: performance, rather than style, should be the determining factor in assessing quality. Today, 34 years later, I shift my focus to the current drive for simplification, to ask how this affects design processes by ignoring the complexity that characterizes human interactions with communications. Methods conceived as mechanical recipes and the promotion of quick working strategies reduce the fitness of methods and processes as the way to confront complex commercial, cultural, and social problems. The discussion touches on design practice and design education. It includes examples of design projects to support aspects of the argument. Designers should become more responsible agents, professionally, socially, and environmentally. This requires an optimal use of research-based decisions in design. The end of the article is an invitation for reflection and action.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37146,"journal":{"name":"She Ji-The Journal of Design Economics and Innovation","volume":"8 2","pages":"Pages 270-288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405872622000223/pdfft?md5=0e22fb130cfaa10db05c7e77cbc902a0&pid=1-s2.0-S2405872622000223-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89171174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reflecting on Design Methods and Democratic Technology Development: The Case of Dutch Covid-19 Digital Contact-Tracing Application","authors":"Deger Ozkaramanli , Armağan Karahanoğlu , Peter-Paul Verbeek","doi":"10.1016/j.sheji.2022.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sheji.2022.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article explores the idea that democratic technology development in public governance can be enhanced by adding an experiential dimension to it. Our work is situated in the context of an appathon organized by the Dutch government to initiate the development of a Covid-19 contact-tracing application. The appathon stimulated a multifaceted debate on technology design and societal values, and raised a crucial question: how can design methods enhance democratic technology development? To answer this question, we first identify three main democratic values (i.e., citizen participation, collective decision making, and critical engagement) that underpin three influential design methods: participatory design, adversarial design, and speculative-critical design. Next, based on design theory, we argue that these methods can bring three experiential qualities to democratic technology development: ownership, contestation, and imagination. We then situate this theoretical reflection in a reflexive thematic analysis of publicly available discussions that took place during the appathon. This makes it possible to identify opportunities to deploy participatory design, adversarial design, and speculative-critical design to engage citizens in political decision making directly and experientially. Based on our analysis, we highlight how abductive design reasoning may help iteratively deliberate sociotechnical challenges when using participatory design, adversarial design, and speculative-critical design. Ultimately, this paper explicates the role of design methods and practices in political participation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37146,"journal":{"name":"She Ji-The Journal of Design Economics and Innovation","volume":"8 2","pages":"Pages 244-269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405872622000211/pdfft?md5=3816aa152d12a1bd28d242022287a73b&pid=1-s2.0-S2405872622000211-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76740150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Archi Banerjee , Francesco Mazzarella (Senior Lecturer)
{"title":"Designing Innovative Craft Enterprises in India: A Framework for Change Makers","authors":"Archi Banerjee , Francesco Mazzarella (Senior Lecturer)","doi":"10.1016/j.sheji.2022.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sheji.2022.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although artisanal crafts and craftsmanship are in high demand globally, the benefits artisans receive are often negligible. The rules of the open market also make it difficult for them to compete. A number of Indian enterprises have introduced innovative organization models to catalyze social change and support artisans’ wellbeing by involving them more directly in the organization. Based on a review of literature on social entrepreneurship and organization design using a design thinking lens, and three case studies on craft enterprises in India, we find that artisans cannot be empowered separately from their communities. Further, any design intervention seeking to bring about social change through artisan participation must be grounded in an in-depth understanding of local context, artisans’ needs, and market dynamics. We contribute new knowledge about the crucial role of the change maker in successfully transforming a design intervention into a sustainable enterprise, and propose an original framework for designing innovative organizations based on effective participation and empowerment of the artisans producing goods for sale.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37146,"journal":{"name":"She Ji-The Journal of Design Economics and Innovation","volume":"8 2","pages":"Pages 192-216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405872622000193/pdfft?md5=ecca24aa5b32ce8c5725676eb15c6c32&pid=1-s2.0-S2405872622000193-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83629607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Down the Brain Drain: Searching for Doctorateness in all the Wrong Places","authors":"Luke Feast","doi":"10.1016/j.sheji.2021.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sheji.2021.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article reviews <em>Perspectives on Research Assessment in Architecture, Music and the Arts: Discussing Doctorateness</em>. Its editors’ aim is to establish a framework for applying the concept of “doctorateness” to the assessment of practice-based doctoral research in art and design fields. The book’s principal claim is that the purpose of practice-based doctorates is to uphold and maintain art and design practitioners’ values. I review each chapter and I evaluate the chain of inferences that lead from scoring the thesis to doctoral education’s purpose. I conclude that the authors’ argument undermines the research-teaching-study nexus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37146,"journal":{"name":"She Ji-The Journal of Design Economics and Innovation","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 147-170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240587262100112X/pdfft?md5=a6995fa7cd2a4df01efafdf4776c464a&pid=1-s2.0-S240587262100112X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75337558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alev Sönmez, Pieter M.A. Desmet, Natalia Romero Herrera
{"title":"Chill, Fiery, Slack, and Five Other Vibes: A Phenomenological Inquiry into Group Mood","authors":"Alev Sönmez, Pieter M.A. Desmet, Natalia Romero Herrera","doi":"10.1016/j.sheji.2021.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sheji.2021.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Even though group mood has a significant impact on organizational functioning, there is no typology available to describe distinct group moods. We propose that designing products and services to facilitate beneficial group mood experiences requires a granular and experience-oriented understanding of the phenomenon. This article introduces an initial typology of eight group moods using a componential approach. The typology was generated via an exploratory study designed to identify aspects and qualities of group mood experienced in professional settings. We observed real-life meetings of five small workgroups. Group mood perceptions were self-reported in situ and later described collectively in a group session. By categorizing the group mood qualities in participants’ descriptions, we developed eight group mood types. This typology aims to facilitate a granular understanding of the group mood phenomenon for designers (practitioners and researchers). We envision this overview of eight group moods as the first step toward developing a systematic knowledge of group mood in the field of design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37146,"journal":{"name":"She Ji-The Journal of Design Economics and Innovation","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 93-117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405872622000016/pdfft?md5=1033e28a0b940bfbc038290a3402803b&pid=1-s2.0-S2405872622000016-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81558421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pelin Esnaf Uslu, Pieter M.A. Desmet, Hendrik N.J. Schifferstein
{"title":"The Eye Inward and the Eye Outward: Introducing a Framework for Mood-Sensitive Service Encounters","authors":"Pelin Esnaf Uslu, Pieter M.A. Desmet, Hendrik N.J. Schifferstein","doi":"10.1016/j.sheji.2021.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sheji.2021.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article introduces the concept of mood sensitivity: a service agent’s ability to detect mood during service encounters and customize their interaction style accordingly, with the purpose of improving service encounters as a whole. We report on an experience sampling study that explored the role that mood plays in service provision. Eleven service providers from various fields (education, healthcare, government) participated. The study yielded four general components of service encounter mood sensitivity. The first two represent “the eye outward”: (1) being perceptive of the client’s mood and (2) being able to manage the client’s mood by strategically adjusting one’s interaction style. The other two represent “the eye inward”: (3) being perceptive of one’s own mood and (4) being able to regulate one’s mood to protect personal well-being and avoid negatively impacting an encounter. Our framework of mood sensitivity during service encounters integrates these four components. For each component, opportunities are proposed for the development of tools, training methods, and design interventions that can support service providers seeking to develop their mood sensitivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37146,"journal":{"name":"She Ji-The Journal of Design Economics and Innovation","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 118-146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405872622000028/pdfft?md5=3c293f7454e79749777a806de34df312&pid=1-s2.0-S2405872622000028-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76985857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design Discourses of Transformation","authors":"Sharon Prendeville, Mikko Koria","doi":"10.1016/j.sheji.2022.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sheji.2022.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this article is to develop knowledge and understanding that supports critical conceptual interventions in design innovation theory and practice. Existing discourses of design are dissonant and paradoxical, for example positioning design as at once value-free and virtuous. We explain various instances of dissonance by establishing relationships between modes of design, design discourses, and knowledge systems. We map and interpret four design discourses, revealing the plural, dynamic, and mutable nature they share. Our understanding of design in the context of social transformation varies according to how we relate to knowledge systems, how these are produced through discourses, and how the two inform distinct modes of design. We argue that dominant discourses and entrenched knowledge systems must be consciously and actively upended. For this, we present a framework for transformative action to foster encounters across discourses and engender new critical expressions of and interventions in design theory and practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37146,"journal":{"name":"She Ji-The Journal of Design Economics and Innovation","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 65-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405872622000041/pdfft?md5=4e1c16a9ca28136115e47773ee60c59e&pid=1-s2.0-S2405872622000041-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82753881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Harmony in Design: A Synthesis of Literature from Classical Philosophy, the Sciences, Economics, and Design","authors":"J. Derek Lomas, Haian Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.sheji.2022.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sheji.2022.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Classical theories of harmony have been used to explain phenomena like beauty, happiness, health, virtue, pleasure, peace, and even ecological sustainability. With the intent of making these theories more accessible to designers, this article reviews the conception of harmony from about 500 BCE to the present. It begins with a brief overview of harmony in classical Chinese and Greek philosophy. Then it examines the role of harmony in the renaissance, the scientific revolution, and the early modern period across topics in aesthetics, ethics, physics, politics, and economics. Finally, turning to the 20th century, this article highlights the conceptual function of harmony in psychology, neuroscience, computer science, and design. This synthesis concludes with a review of applications and implications for contemporary designers. An essential conclusion of this article is that harmony involves the integration of diversity into a greater whole; harmony is not pure agreement or “sameness.” Overall, we suggest that classical principles of harmony might serve as a theoretical framework to help designers develop a more sustainable and vibrant vision of the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37146,"journal":{"name":"She Ji-The Journal of Design Economics and Innovation","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 5-64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240587262200003X/pdfft?md5=d042e0ca327eab25f33cb117b6a8e9b1&pid=1-s2.0-S240587262200003X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74146160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}