Energy Conversion and Management-X最新文献

{"title":"Photothermal performance of nanofluids: An experimental study on direct absorption solar energy conversion using graphene oxide and its binary composites for water purification","authors":"Abdul Sattar ,&nbsp;Bai Bofeng ,&nbsp;M. Adeel Munir ,&nbsp;Muhammad Farooq ,&nbsp;S. Bilal ,&nbsp;M. Imran Khan ,&nbsp;Noreen Sher Akbar ,&nbsp;Mohammed Ilyas Khan ,&nbsp;Mohammad Rehan ,&nbsp;Fahid Riaz","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water scarcity affects two-thirds of the world’s population and is one of the most important challenges to human development. Nanotechnology led by solar evaporation is emerging to solve water resource problems by absorbing solar energy to vaporize nanofluid samples, especially in areas where seawater resources are abundant and economical. For this purpose a direct absorption solar collector set-up was constructed to measure evaporation rate under natural solar light, a pyranometer to measure light intensity, a K-thermocouple system to measure temperature and digital balance to measure mass loss. Then, nanofluids were prepared using a standard two-step method, and characterized using scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Photothermal experiments were carried out by weight concentrations (0.02 % and 0.03 %) for ∼ 5h each sunny day. The photothermal performance and specific absorption rate (SAR) of graphene oxide–zinc oxide (GO–ZnO) and graphene oxide–iron oxide (GO–FeO) nanofluids at different mixing ratios were investigated. The contribution of sensible heat based efficiency and evaporative based efficiency was revealed in context of photothermal efficiency. An increase in photothermal efficiency and a decrease in specific absorption rate (SAR) were observed with increasing nanoparticle concentration. 92 % photothermal conversion efficiency in the case of pure (100 %) GO at 0.03 wt% was obtained which is the highest among all the nanofluids used in this work. The best photothermal performance of pure (100 %) GO was achieved due to maximum solar absorption, dark color, highest thermal conductivity and excellent dispersion stability. Such results suggest that the direct adsorption of GO-based nanoparticles to support solar energy conversion may have various promising applications such as clean water production where there is abundant solar energy potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100898"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate machine learning algorithms for energy demand forecasting and load behavior analysis","authors":"Farhan Hussain ,&nbsp;M. Hasanuzzaman ,&nbsp;Nasrudin Abd Rahim","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents deep learning frameworks for predicting electricity demand in the Western region of Bangladesh, utilizing Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) algorithms. Critical hyperparameters, such as the number of hidden neurons in ANN and the number of input membership functions in ANFIS, are optimized to effectively capture uncertainties in load patterns. Short-term load forecasts from September 2023 to February 2024 incorporate meteorological and economic factors, achieving a low average MAPE of 1.72 % with the ANN network having sixteen hidden neurons, supporting dynamic grid operations. For strategic planning, medium- and long-term electricity projections integrate ANN and ANFIS with an econometric approach aligned with national policy, providing area-wide development-consistent forecasts. The annual peak load demand in Khulna and Rajshahi is projected to account for 70 % of the total load in the Western region, reaching 11.5 GW and 10 GW, respectively, by 2050. In contrast, Barisal is expected to have the lowest demand, requiring only 3 GW by 2050. Seasonal trend analyses indicate peak electricity demand during summer, while autumn exhibits greatest vulnerability in prediction accuracy. Forecast performance improves during winter, with average RMSE and MAPE reductions of 14.61 MW and 1.53 %, respectively, attributed to consistently lower load demand. On non-working days, energy demand decreases as economic activity slows, with total reductions averaging 71 MW more across the Khulna, Rajshahi, and Rangpur areas combined, owing to their higher concentration of industrial and commercial activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100903"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wind-powered hydrogen refueling station with energy recovery for green mobility in sustainable cities","authors":"Nurettin Sezer,&nbsp;Sertac Bayhan","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the conceptual design and evaluation of an HRS for light-duty FCEVs. The proposed system integrates wind turbines, a water electrolyzer, three-stage hydrogen compressor, heat recovery and storage, a two-stage Organic Rankine Cycle (TS-ORC), hydrogen storage tanks, a Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle (VCRC), and a hydrogen dispenser. Waste heat from the hydrogen compression process is harnessed to power the TS-ORC, where the first stage drives the VCRC and the second stage generates additional electricity. A comprehensive assessment of the system confirmed the system’s compliance with the principles of thermodynamics. The results indicate an overall system efficiency of 25.4 %, and the wind turbines alone achieve 46.21 % efficiency. The overall exergy destruction rate of the system is computed to be 2,120 kW and the main exergy destruction occurs in wind turbines and water electrolyzer. The first and second stages of the ORC exhibit efficiencies of 14.45 % and 6.05 %, respectively, while the VCRC yields a Coefficient of Performance (COP) of 1.24. The specific energy consumption for electrolytic hydrogen production, compression, and pre-cooling are calculated as 58.83, 1.99, and 0.29 kWh/kg, respectively. The hydrogen dispenser fills an onboard hydrogen storage tank with a 4 kg capacity at 700 bar in 5.5 min.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100900"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High share of renewables in energy system planning through integration of wind energy","authors":"Yeganeh Aliabadi ,&nbsp;Younes Noorollahi ,&nbsp;Omid Asgari ,&nbsp;Mehrab Rezazadeh ,&nbsp;Rahim Moltames","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present research addresses the current challenges by proposing an approach to identify suitable sites for wind power plants in Qazvin province, Iran, using Geographic Information System (GIS), multi criteria decision-making technique and technical software. In other words, a wind power plant was modeled using HOMER software for technical assessment in two zones at the site identified by GIS software. Twenty-one factors were analyzed to minimize costs and environmental impacts while maximizing power output. The results indicate that Qazvin has significant potential for implementing wind systems, with approximately 1,522 km² (10 %) of the studied area classified as “highly suitable to suitable”. In contrast, approximately 6,987 km² (44.19 %) of the studied area are less suitable or not suitable for installation wind systems. Moreover, the technical and physiographic and legal restriction criteria with the weights of 0.54 and 0.08 are the most and least effective in determining the optimal location, respectively. In addition, the sub criteria of wind speed, wind density and distance from power distribution network have the most effectiveness with weights of 0.33, 0.13, and 0.07, respectively. The weight consistency rate is equal to 0.12, which indicates the comparisons are consistent and stable. Besides, the technical results indicate that the annual power capacity of power plant equals aproximatly102 MWh, which the most powers were produced on march with the amount of approximately 6700 and 5000 in zone 1 and zone 2, respectively. The added capacity can effectively fulfill a substantial portion of the province’s demand and influence the province’s energy portfolio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100899"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Framework for autonomous inspection of PV plants using IoT electronics on each PV panel and UAV collaboration","authors":"Miguel Tradacete-Ágreda ,&nbsp;Carlos Santos-Pérez ,&nbsp;Pablo José Hueros-Barrios ,&nbsp;Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Rafael Pérez-Seguí ,&nbsp;Javier Melero-Deza ,&nbsp;Pascual Campoy","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article details an autonomous monitoring and inspection system for photovoltaic (PV) installations, leveraging Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) collaboration and Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The system is part of a project aimed at optimizing the real-time control and operation of solar PV systems. This autonomous inspection system consists of two layers: (i) anomaly detection by on-board electronics of PV panels (referred as IoT Modules) and (ii) infrared (IR) and visual red, green, and blue (RGB) inspection by UAVs. The IoT Modules run a fault detection algorithm to identify anomalous events. Upon detection, they alert a UAV fleet equipped with RGB and IR cameras to conduct visual and thermal inspections of the affected PV panels. The inspection data is then relayed back to the IoT Modules, triggering appropriate actions. This framework enhances detection algorithms by providing rapid identification of severe issues. UAVs can quickly pinpoint hot-spots through thermographic imaging, enabling prompt intervention. Additionally, UAVs help resolve ambiguities in the detection on certain faults. Moreover, in order to make this autonomous inspection possible, a multiprotocol architecture is developed to ensure effective communication and coordination between IoT Modules and UAVs, facilitating seamless data exchange and system integration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100878"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LCA and exergy-economic evaluation of a biogas-to-fuels system using CO2 hydrogenation and exhaust gas recycling","authors":"Hamed Ghiasirad ,&nbsp;Farinaz Ebrahimian ,&nbsp;Towhid Gholizadeh ,&nbsp;Ali Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Siamak Mirmasoumi ,&nbsp;Rahim Khoshbakhti Saray ,&nbsp;Anna Skorek-Osikowska","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hydrogen economy is receiving more attention from the global energy industry, highlighting its crucial impact on global energy policies. In this context, the use of hydrogen in the synthesis of biomethanol is essential to the chemical industry and has great promise as a sustainable fuel for global transportation. This study evaluates a system that uses anaerobic digestion, high-temperature electrolysis, and biogas refining to produce biomethane and biomethanol. Novelties of the present study are heat integration and oxygen management between different subsystems, introducing liquified natural gas regasification and gas turbine cycles, and exergy-economic analysis and life cycle assessment using Aspen Plus and Simapro software, respectively. Economic analyses demonstrate lower levelized costs of natural gas and shorter payback periods for systems incorporating liquified natural gas and gas turbine cycles. Moreover, life cycle assessment results indicate a significant reduction of 53% in climate change impacts and 70% in resource use impacts for systems featuring liquified natural gas and gas turbine units. Exergy efficiency improves from 85.07% to 94.4%, largely due to the high exergy efficiency (98.06%) of the liquified natural gas and gas turbine units. By comparing different power sources, the wind turbine scenario demonstrates the potential for significant reductions in climate change and resource consumption compared to those of Poland’s electricity mix.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100897"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic bioprocessing of A. protothecoides and C. sorokiniana using renewable feedstocks for targeted bioproduct and biodiesel generation","authors":"Eleni Krikigianni,&nbsp;Kyriakos Antoniadis,&nbsp;Paul Christakopoulos,&nbsp;Ulrika Rova,&nbsp;Leonidas Matsakas,&nbsp;Alok Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The focus on sustainability and circular economy renders the microalgal biorefinery concept highly attractive. Although the diversity of microalgal composition makes them ideal feedstocks, their metabolic versatility challenges bioprocess optimization. To address this, an integrated, strain-specific approach was used to evaluate key cultivation parameters (nitrogen source, C/N ratio, and light intensity) as their interactions affect growth performance and biochemical composition. Heterotrophic cultivation of <em>A. protothecoides</em> (AP) and <em>C. sorokiniana</em> (CS) in glucose showed enhanced cell growth with organic N-sources. Biomass was consistently elevated across C/N ratios from 5 to 60 with corn steep liquor (CSL) (8.1 g L^-1) and yeast extract (YE) (7.0 g L^-1), while with urea it maximized at C/N 5 (6.2 g L^-1). Protein synthesis increased at C/N 5, whereas lipid accumulation at C/N 60. Beechwood hydrolysate, a renewable glucose alternative, produced an average of 4.1 g L^-1 protein (C/N 5) and 3.5 g L^-1 lipids (C/N 60) between YE and CSL. Mixotrophic cultivation indicated better photosynthetic adaptation of AP at C/N 5, yielding 13.2 g L^-1 biomass at 400 μmol m^-2 s^-1, whereas at C/N 60 growth was favored at 50 μmol m^-2 s^-1. The fatty acid profile of microalgal oil revealed <em>de novo</em> biosynthesis of odd-chain fatty acids at C/N 5 in both cultivation modes, while biodiesel-grade lipids produced in heterotrophic condition. These findings advance microalgal bioprocessing by emphasizing the importance of fine-tuning cultivation strategies and utilizing renewable nutrients to maximize resource efficiency and optimize the biosynthesis of valuable bioproducts, such as proteins, pigments, carbohydrates, and high-quality lipids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100896"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance analysis of yellow hydrogen production in the UAE","authors":"Ahmed Al Makky ,&nbsp;Hasan A. Kanjo ,&nbsp;Tareq Salameh ,&nbsp;Abdul-Kadir Hamid ,&nbsp;Mousa Hussein","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study offers a novel techno-economic evaluation of a small hydrogen generation system included into a residential villa in Sharjah. The system is designed to utilize solar energy for hydrogen production using an electrolyzer. The study assesses two scenarios: one lacking a fuel cell and the other incorporating a fuel cell stack for backup power. The initial scenario employs a solar-powered electrolyzer for hydrogen production, attaining a competitive levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of $0.1846 per kWh and a hydrogen cost of $4.65 per kg. These data underscore the economic viability of utilizing electrolyzers for hydrogen generation. The system produces around 1230 kg of hydrogen per annum, rendering it appropriate for many uses. Nevertheless, the original investment expenditure of $73,980 necessitates more optimization. The second scenario includes a 10 kW fuel cell for energy autonomy. This scenario has a marginally reduced LCOE of 0.1811 $/kWh and a cumulative net present cost of $72,600. The fuel cell runs largely at night, proving the efficiency of the downsizing option in decreasing capital expense. The system generates electricity from solar panels (66.1 MWh/year) and the fuel cell (16.9 MWh/year), exhibiting a multi-source power generating technique. The results indicate that scaled-down hydrogen generation systems, both with and without fuel cells, may offer sustainable and possibly lucrative renewable energy options for household use, especially in areas with ample solar resources such as Sharjah.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100888"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction","authors":"Khalid Ahmed ,&nbsp;Summaiya Hameed ,&nbsp;Kumar Patchigolla ,&nbsp;Nashwan Dawood ,&nbsp;Zafar Khan Ghouri","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the pursuit of clean and sustainable hydrogen energy production, water splitting has emerged as a promising method. However, the cost and scarcity of Pt-group metals as effective electrocatalysts hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) poses challenges for widespread application. Transition metal compounds have shown potential as alternatives, the search for highly active HER catalysts from abundant and cost-effective materials persists. Carbon-based compounds offer an appealing solution, leveraging their unique hybridization properties for tailored manipulation of structures and morphologies. By enhancing the electrocatalytic activity of carbon-based catalysts through the incorporation of transition metal nanoparticles and nonmetal doping into the carbon skeleton, new active sites for HER can be generated. This review aims to explore the activity, durability, and efficiency of various electrocatalysts for water splitting, with a particular emphasis on non-noble-metal-based and metal-free electrocatalysts. By highlighting the recent progress in carbonaceous materials for hydrogen evolution reaction in both acidic and alkaline media, the review seeks to provide insights into new strategies and opportunities for enhancing electrocatalytic performance and stability. Ultimately, the goal is to empower ongoing research efforts, stimulate innovation, and overcome existing limitations for hydrogen energy production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100892"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wind farm analysis using SailoR diagram-based diagnostics to quantify yaw misalignment correction","authors":"Alain Ulazia ,&nbsp;Gabriel Ibarra-Berastegi ,&nbsp;Jon Sáenz ,&nbsp;Sheila Carreno-Madinabetia ,&nbsp;Unai Elosegui","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel application of indices derived from the SailoR diagram for detecting and correcting yaw misalignment in wind turbines, which involves an original visualization of principal component analysis. The angular disparity between principal components, visualized as ellipses on the SailoR diagram, serves as a metric for comparing deviations between anemometers within a designated group (External Deviation index) and between the turbine’s anemometer and its yaw angle system (Internal Deviation index). A normalized criterion, incorporating anomalies in power production (Power Bias index), yaw angle, and absolute angle deviation, is established to compare the error of each turbine relative to its respective group. By integrating these indices with the general deviation of each turbine, the analysis effectively discriminates between external and internal error sources and quantifies the magnitude of each deviation. A case study involving a real wind farm with three distinct turbine groups demonstrates the efficacy of this integrated methodology as a valuable tool for initial diagnosis, enabling the identification, discrimination (internal/external), and quantification of yaw misalignment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100890"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}