Energy Conversion and Management-X最新文献_第2页

An Improved MPC-based energy management strategy for hydrogen fuel cell EVs featuring dual-motor coupling powertrain

IF 7.1

Energy Conversion and Management-X Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100975

Xinyu Luo, Henry Shu-Hung Chung

{"title":"An Improved MPC-based energy management strategy for hydrogen fuel cell EVs featuring dual-motor coupling powertrain","authors":"Xinyu Luo, Henry Shu-Hung Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (HFCEVs) provide significant environmental benefits. Integrating dual-motor coupling powertrains (DMCPs) further enhances efficiency and dynamic performance. This article proposes an energy management strategy (EMS) for the hydrogen fuel cell/battery/super-capacitor system in an HFCEV with DMCP. Model predictive control (MPC) is adopted as the framework to optimize economic performance, defined in this study as the hydrogen consumption cost and fuel cell degradation cost. To improve the prediction horizon and accuracy, the torque split ratio for two varying permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) and the corresponding mode switching rules of the vehicle are initially established. Subsequently, a combination of Dynamic Programming (DP) and MPC is selected as the framework, utilizing a Dung Beetle Optimizer (DBO)-optimized Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) network to refine the predictive model. Finally, comparisons with other predictive models and commonly used control strategies demonstrate that the proposed EMS notably improves economic performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100975"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-objective real-time energy management optimization for autonomous plug-in fuel cell electric vehicles

IF 7.1

Energy Conversion and Management-X Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100987

Ahmad Eid EL-Iali , Moustapha Doumiati , Mohamed Machmoum

{"title":"Multi-objective real-time energy management optimization for autonomous plug-in fuel cell electric vehicles","authors":"Ahmad Eid EL-Iali , Moustapha Doumiati , Mohamed Machmoum","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With increasing concerns over climate change and the urgent need to reduce carbon emissions, electric vehicles offer a promising solution. However, challenges around efficiency and durability persist. Autonomous vehicles, equipped with advanced technologies, have the potential to revolutionize transportation. This paper presents a novel and comprehensive study of a real-time energy management system for the energy storage system of an autonomous plug-in fuel cell electric vehicle, which integrates a battery, a fuel cell system, and a supercapacitor. The research frames this as an optimization problem, aiming to minimize fuel cell and battery degradation while reducing hydrogen and electricity costs. The strategy employs a moving horizon approach, using quadratic programming to optimize power distribution. Basic GPS data is used to preplan the vehicle’s state of charge trajectory, which is also optimized using quadratic programming. Additionally, the system incorporates a simple adaptive cruise control based on model predictive control to bridge speed and power optimization, ensuring safe driving along the planned route. Validation through various battery charge levels and trajectory planning scenarios demonstrates the method’s robustness and efficiency, with results showing up to 99% optimality compared to other state of charge planners. This highlights the method’s ability to consistently deliver optimal power allocation under diverse driving conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100987"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Risk-Adjusted Financial Feasibility Model for ESCOs: Introducing Payment from Savings (PFS) Concept

IF 7.1

Energy Conversion and Management-X Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100945

Adam Febranzah , Denpharanto Agung Krisprimandoyo

{"title":"A Risk-Adjusted Financial Feasibility Model for ESCOs: Introducing Payment from Savings (PFS) Concept","authors":"Adam Febranzah , Denpharanto Agung Krisprimandoyo","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The comprehensive energy solutions offered by ESCOs (Energy Service Companies), encompassing energy audits, design, implementation, financing, and guaranteed savings, are often constrained by high initial costs and the unpredicable revenue generated derived from shared savings agreements, thereby posing formidable financial risk for the ESCO. To address these challenges, this paper proposes two innovative concepts: (1) a risk-adjusted financial feasibility model, and (2) a novel “Payment from Savings” (PFS) approach, based on an analysis of optimal shared savings rates in energy efficiency projects, leading to a 0% shared savings scheme for the client. This financial model incorporates a risk assessment, using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) along with exchange rate and inflation volatility to calculate the discount rate. The adjusted discount rate is then applied within Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) calculations to assess the economic viability of various shared savings schemes. Results indicate that the optimal shared savings rate for public street lighting should not exceed 5%. Significantly, even under a 0% shared savings rate, or the proposed PFS concept (where 100% of savings are allocated to the ESCO), the ESCO still faces a moderate level of risk, with the IRR remaining below the calculated discount rate in this 30-year case study. However, clients benefit from significantly greater marginal cost-benefits, exceeding those of the ESCO by a factor of 7.84, and proving 1.17 times more favourable than proceeding without partnership. Consequently, this paper recommends the adoption of the PFS concept.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100945"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Economical Investigation of green hydrogen supply for Hydrogen-Powered ship by Off-Grid wave and wind energy hubs

IF 7.1

Energy Conversion and Management-X Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101006

Sarina Kheirani , Ali Houmani , Mohammad Hossein Jahangir

引用次数: 0

Sustainable renewable energy integration on expressways in Bangladesh: A techno-economic, environmental, and sensitivity analysis of a grid-connected hybrid system

IF 7.1

Energy Conversion and Management-X Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101020

Abdulla Al Mamun , M.S. Hossain Lipu , Zia Ul Islam , Sourav Barua , Tuhibur Rahman , Tahia F. Karim , Abu M. Fuad , M.M. Naushad Ali

{"title":"Sustainable renewable energy integration on expressways in Bangladesh: A techno-economic, environmental, and sensitivity analysis of a grid-connected hybrid system","authors":"Abdulla Al Mamun , M.S. Hossain Lipu , Zia Ul Islam , Sourav Barua , Tuhibur Rahman , Tahia F. Karim , Abu M. Fuad , M.M. Naushad Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Bangladesh, the integration of solar and wind energy in hybrid power systems has gained significant attention in recent years due to its ability to provide a more reliable and sustainable energy supply, reduce dependence on conventional energy sources, and address environmental concerns. However, challenges related to substantial initial costs, variable energy output, and inadequate storage solutions hinder its large-scale implementation. This study proposes a new grid-integrated hybrid renewable energy system for the Dhaka-Mawa Expressway, incorporating bifacial solar PV panels and vertical-axis wind turbines, with the work completed at the end of 2024. The system was validated using two software tools, HOMER Pro and PVsyst, demonstrating its optimal performance and potential for real-world implementation. The analysis in HOMER Pro estimates the system’s low levelized cost of energy (LCOE) at 0.038 USD/kWh, with an annual energy generation of 6,499.758 kWh. Additionally, a PVsyst-based performance assessment of the proposed PV system confirmed an exceptionally low LCOE of 0.0136 USD/kWh, a performance ratio of 0.83 %, and a remarkably short break-even period of approximately 2.3 years. Compared to typical grid systems, the proposed system can reduce emissions by 28,144 kg of CO<sub>2</sub>, 122 kg of SO<sub>2</sub>, and 59.7 kg of NO<sub>x</sub> per year. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis evaluates the impact of wind speed, solar irradiation, replacement costs, and operating expenses under varying climate conditions. The proposed system is highly flexible and has significant potential as an alternative energy source, with a 30 % internal rate of return (IRR), a 25 % return on investment (ROI), and a 3.4-year break-even period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101020"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimal off-grid electricity supply for a residential complex using water-energy-economic-environmental nexus

IF 7.1

Energy Conversion and Management-X Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100998

Mozhgan Jafari, Hoseyn Sayyaadi

{"title":"Optimal off-grid electricity supply for a residential complex using water-energy-economic-environmental nexus","authors":"Mozhgan Jafari, Hoseyn Sayyaadi","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the performance of off-grid hybrid renewable energy systems for a residential building in Tehran, analyzing nine scenarios that combine photovoltaic (PV) panels, vanadium redox flow (VRF), lithium iron phosphate (LFP), and nickel–cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries, with and without biodiesel generators. A multi-objective optimization framework was applied, using Genetic Algorithms alongside TOPSIS and AHP decision-making methods, considering the Water-Energy-Economic-Environmental (WEEE) Nexus. Scenario #7, which incorporates PV panels, VRF batteries, and a biodiesel generator, was identified as the optimal configuration. This system achieves a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of 0.16 $/kWh—95 % lower than the reference biodiesel-only scenario—while reducing carbon emissions by 6,858.35 tonnes, biodiesel consumption by 12,558.35 m<sup>3</sup>, and water footprint by 5,429,818 m<sup>3</sup> over its lifetime. The findings highlight the significant role of battery production in both the environmental and economic impacts of off-grid systems, emphasizing the need for sustainable battery manufacturing and recycling innovations. Additionally, the study underscores the potential of advanced decision-making frameworks to optimize hybrid energy systems for both economic and environmental sustainability, providing valuable insights for future off-grid electrification projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100998"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CFD modelling of vertical-axis wind turbines using transient dynamic mesh towards lateral vortices capturing and Strouhal number

IF 7.1

Energy Conversion and Management-X Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101022

Jetsadaporn Priyadumkol , Baramee Muangput , Sirawit Namchanthra , Thet Zin , Tinnapob Phengpom , Watcharapong Chookaew , Chakrit Suvanjumrat , Machimontorn Promtong

{"title":"CFD modelling of vertical-axis wind turbines using transient dynamic mesh towards lateral vortices capturing and Strouhal number","authors":"Jetsadaporn Priyadumkol , Baramee Muangput , Sirawit Namchanthra , Thet Zin , Tinnapob Phengpom , Watcharapong Chookaew , Chakrit Suvanjumrat , Machimontorn Promtong","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the aerodynamic performance of vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) with a focus on optimising their design to enhance energy capture through lateral vortex dynamics, an aspect crucial for improving efficiency but often overlooked. Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed using a transient dynamic mesh approach to analyse the aerodynamic behaviour of three distinct VAWT prototypes under varying wind conditions. The results demonstrated that kinetic energy and torque were significantly enhanced with increasing inlet velocity. A maximum torque of 5.5 Nm was achieved by the two-blade Savonius turbine across wind speeds from 5 to 14 m/s, outperforming the helical Savonius turbine, which reached a peak torque of 2.5 Nm at 14 m/s. The two-blade turbine also attained a peak velocity of 19.1 m/s at 11 m/s, exceeding the helical turbine’s 13.3 m/s. This performance comparison clearly highlights the potential of the two-blade Savonius turbine in enhancing wind energy efficiency. Additionally, the incorporation of end plates in the helical turbine resulted in a 24.1% increase in maximum torque, demonstrating improved airflow regulation and turbine efficiency. Vortex shedding analysis revealed that Strouhal numbers (<span><math><mrow><mi>St</mi></mrow></math></span>) ranged from 0.05 to 0.130 for the two-blade turbine and from 0.040 to 0.070 for the helical turbine, with further reductions to 0.028 to 0.052 when end plates were added. These findings highlighted the critical role of lateral vortices in optimising turbine performance and demonstrated the potential of this approach for validating large-scale wind cluster simulations. Ultimately, new insights into VAWT aerodynamics were provided, paving the way for improved turbine design and enhanced wind farm efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101022"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Compatible matching and synergy operation optimization of hydrogen-electric hybrid energy storage system in DC microgrid

IF 7.1

Energy Conversion and Management-X Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101014

Banghua Du , Yanyu Peng , Yang Li , Changjun Xie , Shihao Zhu , Wenchao Zhu , Yang Yang , Li You , Leiqi Zhang , Bo Zhao

{"title":"Compatible matching and synergy operation optimization of hydrogen-electric hybrid energy storage system in DC microgrid","authors":"Banghua Du , Yanyu Peng , Yang Li , Changjun Xie , Shihao Zhu , Wenchao Zhu , Yang Yang , Li You , Leiqi Zhang , Bo Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen energy storage (HES) systems could balanced source-load mismatches in DC microgrids. By combining HES with electrical energy storage (EES), the start-up delay and rapid degradation of HES under fluctuating inputs can be mitigated, enhancing system adaptability. However, without proper power allocation and operational optimization, system efficiency and the lifespan of HES and EES decrease. Accordingly, this paper proposes a compatible matching and synergy operation optimization for hydrogen-electric hybrid energy storage systems (H-E HESS). Firstly, Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN) is developed to decompose power fluctuation signals into frequency components, and the Hilbert transform calculates the energy value to determine high- and low-frequency dividing points. Next, a system power allocation strategy is formulated through the fast response of the EES to compensate for the delay in the start-up of the HES. A multi-objective optimization model is then developed to balance efficiency and lifespan, which is solved by the NSGA-III algorithm. Finally, case studies show that the proposed strategy improves efficiency by 17.95 % and 8.34 %, reduces degradation rates by 1 % and 0.71 %, and shortens system response time in 1 s, compared to Schemes I and II. The strategy’s effectiveness is also validated through an experimental platform in a hydrogen-electric coupled DC microgrid demonstration project.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101014"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A review on advanced phase change material-based cooling for energy-efficient electronics

IF 7.1

Energy Conversion and Management-X Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100994

Ahmad Al Takash , Khaireldin Faraj , Jalal Faraj , Hicham El Hage , Ali Hage-Diab , Mahmoud Khaled , Tareq Salameh , Abdul-Kadir Hamid , Mousa Hussein

{"title":"A review on advanced phase change material-based cooling for energy-efficient electronics","authors":"Ahmad Al Takash , Khaireldin Faraj , Jalal Faraj , Hicham El Hage , Ali Hage-Diab , Mahmoud Khaled , Tareq Salameh , Abdul-Kadir Hamid , Mousa Hussein","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increased power densities brought about by the quick development of high-power electronic devices call for effective thermal management to guarantee optimum performance and endurance. PCMs offer a passive and sustainable cooling solution, enhancing system reliability and energy efficiency. To maximize thermal energy management in electronic devices, this study intends to examine recent developments in PCM-based cooling systems over the previous five years, emphasizing their integration with hybrid cooling technologies such as fins, heat pipes, and nanoparticle-enhanced PCMs. In contrast to traditional reviews, this work focuses on hybrid PCM designs, demonstrating how heat dissipation is greatly enhanced by combining PCMs with nanomaterials, expanded surfaces, and active cooling approaches. Energy consumption in cooling systems can be reduced by optimizing these thermal management techniques, which will support sustainable energy management objectives. A thorough evaluation of recent research was carried out to assess the thermal performance of several PCM types, such as paraffin wax and RT-35HC, as well as nano-enhanced PCMs infused with graphene and metallic nanoparticles. Their effects on lowering temperatures and improving thermal conductivity in electronic cooling applications are the main topic of the review. While nano-enhanced PCMs exhibit a thermal conductivity gain of more than 100 %, paraffin wax-based PCMs can lower operating temperatures by up to 15 °C. High-power electronics showed temperature reductions of about 10 °C using RT-35HC, demonstrating the promise of hybrid PCM systems for energy-efficient cooling solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100994"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

3E multi-objective optimization of Organic Rankine Cycle configurations for a geothermal off-grid system: Power, DHW, and hydrogen production

IF 7.1

Energy Conversion and Management-X Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101003

A. Mokhtari , M. Jalalvand

{"title":"3E multi-objective optimization of Organic Rankine Cycle configurations for a geothermal off-grid system: Power, DHW, and hydrogen production","authors":"A. Mokhtari , M. Jalalvand","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the optimization of an off-grid system for supplying electrical load and domestic hot water (DHW) to a building using geothermal energy. The system generates power through an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), with excess energy directed to an electrolyzer for hydrogen production. A residential complex in Tabriz, Iran, with 408 occupants, was selected as the case study, leveraging the availability of geothermal power. Three ORC configurations—basic ORC, ORC with reheater (RHORC), and regenerative ORC (RORC) were optimized in terms of energy, exergy, and economy. The optimization process utilized the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II), aiming to maximize energy and exergy efficiency, hydrogen production, and minimize levelized costs of electricity (LCOE) and hydrogen (LCOH), while ensuring that electrical and DHW demands are met. The results demonstrate that the RORC configuration outperforms the other two cycles in all aspects: it produces 44.45 % more power than RHORC and 47.86 % more than ORC, with energy and exergy efficiencies of 49.03 % and 47.01 %, respectively. Furthermore, RORC generates significantly more hydrogen 63.81 % more than RHORC and 69.37 % more than ORC. Additionally, RORC has the lowest LCOE (4.52 cent. kWh<sup>−1</sup>) and LCOH (2.69 cent. kWh<sup>−1</sup>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101003"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0