Energy Conversion and Management-X最新文献

{"title":"Optimization and comparative analysis of hybrid renewable energy systems for sustainable and clean energy production in rural Cameroon considering the loss of power supply probability concept","authors":"Yemeli Wenceslas Koholé ,&nbsp;Clint Ameri Wankouo Ngouleu ,&nbsp;Fodoup Cyrille Vincelas Fohagui ,&nbsp;Ghislain Tchuen","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates a hybrid photovoltaic (PV) / wind turbine system integrated with thermal energy storage (TES) and pumped-hydro energy storage (PHES) as a sustainable and reliable power solution for remote areas. The optimization of PV/Wind/TES and PV/Wind/PHES systems is performed for a commercial building in Kousseri, Cameroon, focusing on minimizing the system’s net present cost (NPC) while meeting the load demand. Three <em>meta</em>-heuristic algorithms namely, the water evaporation optimization, Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA), and teaching–learning-based optimization are applied, and the results are compared in terms of NPC, excess energy fraction, electricity demand fulfillment, and CO₂ emission reduction. System reliability is assessed using the maximum allowable loss of power supply probability, with values set at 0%, 2%, 5%, and 10%. The results indicate that the CSA algorithm outperforms the others, with the PV/Wind/TES configuration being the most cost-effective, followed by PV/TES, Wind/TES, PV/Wind/PHES, PV/PHES, and Wind/PHES systems. Additionally, the Wind/PHES system is identified as the most reliable and efficient in reducing CO₂ emissions, making it a superior alternative to conventional fossil fuel-based power plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100829"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy-efficient and cost-effective water desalination using membrane distillation with air-cooled dehumidifier bank","authors":"Atia Khalifa ,&nbsp;Mohamed Kotb ,&nbsp;Suhaib M. Alawad","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the performance of a vacuum-assisted sweeping gas membrane distillation (SGMD) module integrated with an air-cooled bubble column dehumidifier (BCD) bank for energy-efficient and cost-effective water desalination. The system’s performance was analyzed based on heat and mass balance equations under natural and forced air cooling modes (air speeds: 0–8 m/s) for the BCD bank, identifying optimal operating conditions through parametric analysis of the system’s productivity and energy efficiency indicators. Results show that forced air cooling of the BCD bank improves the system’s flux by 40–100 % compared to the natural cooling mode. In addition, the system achieved a low specific energy consumption (SEC) of 500 kWh/m3 and a high gained output ratio (GOR) of 2 with cooling air speeds of 6–8 m/s. Energy consumption decreases by 37 % with forced cooling, while economic analysis reveals a 43 % reduction in water unit product cost at an air speed of 8 m/s. Exergy analysis highlights that the SGMD module accounts for most exergy loss, approximately three times higher than the BCD bank, particularly at higher feed temperatures (e.g. 90 °C). These findings establish benchmarks and provide clear guidelines for optimizing and developing SGMD-BCD systems, enhancing energy efficiency, productivity, and cost-effectiveness in desalination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100844"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of conventional and alternative steel production methods in countries dependent on energy import: A South Korean case study","authors":"Juha Lee ,&nbsp;Gyuna Kwak ,&nbsp;Yujin Jung ,&nbsp;Wonjae Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100865","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study used a life cycle assessment to quantitatively compare greenhouse gas emissions among traditional coal blast furnaces and alternative methods such as hydrogen direct reduction, natural gas direct reduction, and electric arc furnaces. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were calculated throughout the life cycle of producing 1 ton of liquid steel (tLS) in countries dependent on energy imports through maritime transportation. The life cycle assessment results for these countries differs from those of countries capable of land-based transportation. In particular, when transporting gaseous fuels such as natural gas and hydrogen via maritime routes, liquefaction process emits a substantial GHG emissions, ultimately leading to higher life cycle GHG emissions in steel production. Therefore, this study conducted a case study on South Korea, a representative steel-producing country that relies on maritime transportation for energy imports. The analysis employed the GREET program developed by the Argonne National Laboratory in the United States, modified and expanded to reflect the Korean context. The data used in the analysis was selected through a literature review and thermodynamic modeling of the process. The life cycle assessment revealed that, coal blast furnaces emit 1612 kg-CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-eq./tLS, natural gas direct reduction emits 1435 kg-CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-eq./tLS, hydrogen direct reduction using domestically produced blue hydrogen emits 961 kg-CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-eq./tLS, and electric arc furnaces emit 370 kg-CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-eq./tLS. The electric arc furnace method, which utilizes steel scrap, emits the fewest greenhouse gases as it doesn’t need the reduction process. Depending on the method of hydrogen production, the values for hydrogen direct reduction of iron ranged from 741 kg-CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-eq./tLS to 2352 kg-CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-eq./tLS, highlighting the significant impact of hydrogen production methods on the results. The variation in the life cycle of greenhouse gas emissions throughout the process was substantial depending on the electricity production method employed. Excluding coal blast furnaces, which utilizes minimal electricity externally supplied, it was observed that natural gas direct reduction, hydrogen direct reduction, and electric arc furnaces are significantly influenced by the electricity production method. When natural gas direct reduction utilizes coal-based power compared to renewable energy, it emits 2 times more the life cycle of greenhouse gas emissions. Hydrogen direct reduction uses coal-based power compared to renewable power emits 3.2 times more. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis was conducted on variables used in each steelmaking method. Confirmed was a variance in results of up to 4.5 % due to a 5 % fluctuation in the consumption of primary fuels such as coal, hydrogen, natural gas, and electricity. The other factors, excluding energy consumption exerted minimal influence, with variations below 0.5 %. The vali","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100865"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of solar thermal hydrogen production technologies in future energy solutions: A review","authors":"Md. Shameem Hossain ,&nbsp;Md. Nasirul Islam ,&nbsp;Khaza Shahriar ,&nbsp;Mohammad Mujtaba Hasan ,&nbsp;Md. Sohag Hossain","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen fuel is gaining appreciation as one of the primary agents in the shift towards sustainable energy systems because of its capability to generate energy without emission. With around 96% of hydrogen production relying on fossil fuels, the growing global demand for hydrogen raises environmental concerns. This situation makes using non-renewable resources even more problematic, especially since hydrogen is often promoted as a clean energy alternative. Among renewable options for hydrogen production, solar-based methods have attracted considerable interest from researchers. These methods primarily include PV-to-hydrogen and solar thermal-to-hydrogen technologies. PV-to-hydrogen, which uses electricity from photovoltaic modules, has low solar-to-hydrogen efficiency besides being costly. Hence, solar thermal-to-hydrogen methods unlock the great potential of using solar energy to produce clean hydrogen, mainly because of recent advancements in concentrating technologies. Although numerous developments have occurred in Solar Thermal Hydrogen Production (STHP) production, the need for more comparative surveys is significant and concerns relatively recent literature. This study mainly includes solar thermal hydrogen production technologies, corresponding Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) systems, and its cost/benefit analysis. This research fills the knowledge gap by analyzing all solar thermal hydrogen production pathways to compare the identified pathways’ energy, carbon footprint, and cost intensity. It guides towards the solar thermal routes most favorable for hydrogen generation and how these methods are effective in time and toleration of pollution. The work utilizes a systematic review approach by examining the evidence from the published literature and databases limited to solar thermal hydrogen production technologies. It was found that thermochemical water splitting is the top option if efficiency is the top priority. HTWE and solar methane cracking are the top choices for low environmental impact. Solar SMR and solar biomass gasification are the most promising for scalability. The essential conceptual message of this research lies in combined hydrogen production and concentrating solar power systems, which show that the mentioned systems can produce hydrogen with a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency reaching 45%. This efficiency is much higher than that of conventional electrolysis methods; this confirms the readiness of solar thermal processes as a viable solution for generating more hydrogen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100876"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online stability assessment for isolated microgrid via LASSO based neural network algorithm","authors":"Ahmed Lasheen ,&nbsp;Hatem F. Sindi ,&nbsp;Hatem H. Zeineldin ,&nbsp;Mohammed Y. Morgan","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Online prediction of the dominant modes is very important for microgrid operation. The dominant modes determine microgrid stability and the active and reactive power oscillations. Therefore, online prediction of these modes is essential to check the microgrid stability periodically. Consequently, this paper introduces an artificial intelligent algorithm to identify the dominant modes of the microgrid. This algorithm combines a cascaded feedforward neural network with the least absolute shrinkage and select operator (LASSO). The LASSO algorithm is used to extract the most important data that affects the dominant modes. On the other hand, the cascaded feedforward neural network is trained using LASSO data to identify the microgrid dominant modes. The proposed algorithm is tested using a 6-bus AC microgrid. The results show that the proposed algorithm significantly determines the dominant modes of the microgrid by using a minimum set of data determined by LASSO.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100849"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hybrid high-gain bipolar converter for LVDC microgrid with average current mode control","authors":"Md Abdullah Al-Hysam,&nbsp;Dávid Raisz","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100857","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing demand for renewable energy accounts for the DC microgrid concept, facilitating the integration of photovoltaic (PV) modules and battery energy systems (BESS) into a common DC bus. In light of this, bipolar DC-DC converters can result in two symmetric DC buses that provide more flexibility. This article presents a hybrid bipolar converter by merging a single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC) and a Cuk converter with a switched-inductor configuration in lieu of the input inductors for gain enhancement. The architecture holds the advantages of both the SEPIC and Cuk converters and has one active switch, resulting in a simple control circuitry. Incorporating the average current mode (ACM) control strategy, the proposed converter is capable of providing a bipolar output, each having a higher voltage gain than the conventional converters. A 510 W prototype, validated in a power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) laboratory environment, demonstrated a peak efficiency of 97.14 %, close to the theoretical projection of 99 %. The proposed topology contributes to advancing clean energy technologies by enabling efficient and reliable energy conversion for renewable-based microgrids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100857"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen production efficiency: A critical factor in integrated planning of distribution and transmission system for large-scale centralized offshore wind-hydrogen system","authors":"Rongsen Jin ,&nbsp;Peng Hou ,&nbsp;Yuanhang Qi ,&nbsp;Zili Huang ,&nbsp;Tongle Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaoqiang Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green hydrogen plays a pivotal role in decarbonizing our energy system and achieving the Net-Zero Emissions goal by 2050. Offshore wind farms (OWFs) dedicated to green hydrogen production are currently recognized as the most feasible solution for scaling up the production of cost-effective electrolytic hydrogen. However, the cost associated with distribution and transmission systems constitute a significant portion of the total cost in the large-scale wind-hydrogen system. This study pioneers the simultaneous optimization of the inter-array cable routing of OWFs and the location and capacity of offshore hydrogen production platforms (OHPPs), aiming to minimize the total cost of distribution and transmission systems. Considering the characteristics of hydrogen production efficiency, this paper constructs a novel mathematical model for OHPPs across diverse wind scenarios. Subsequently, we formulate the joint planning problem as a relaxed mixed-integer second-order cone programming (MISOCP) model and employ the Benders decomposition algorithm for the solution, introducing three valid inequalities to expedite convergence. Through validation on real-world large-scale OWFs, we demonstrate the validity and rapid convergence of our approach. Moreover, we identify hydrogen production efficiency as a major bottleneck cost factor for the joint planning problem, it decreases by 1.01% of total cost for every 1% increase in hydrogen production efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100840"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic modelling and control of a micro-CHP system based on a light-duty SI-ICE fuelled by methane and green hydrogen blends for hybrid energy grid applications","authors":"Alessandro di Gaeta ,&nbsp;Raniero Sannino ,&nbsp;Veniero Giglio","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper focuses on the modelling, control and analysis of a micro-combined heat and power plant based on a light-duty (1.6 liter, four-cylinder) spark-ignition internal combustion engine fuelled by methane and (green) hydrogen blends. The engine is modelled and simulated using advanced predictive one-dimensional commercial codes with the combustion process tailored to reflect the characteristics of methane–hydrogen mixtures. The electrical machine connected to the engine is described through established equivalent electrical circuit equations for a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine with sinusoidal flux. The recoverable thermal power from engine waste heat is estimated using a model that combines simulation results and literature data. A robust model-based control system, adaptable to variations in hydrogen content, is designed and numerically validated. The paper provides a comprehensive characterisation of the system under different steady-state and dynamic power loads, as well as varying hydrogen concentrations. A novel primary energy savings index is introduced to evaluate the cogeneration benefits when green hydrogen is mixed with fossil fuels for engine fuelling. The proposed micro-combined heat and power system can also function as a programmable power source, mitigating the non-programmability of renewable energy sources. The developed model enables the analysis of hybrid energy grids scenarios, promoting the sustainable use of mixed renewable and fossil fuels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100809"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency and voltage regulation enhancement for microgrids with electric vehicles based on red panda optimizer","authors":"Dina A. Elalfy ,&nbsp;Eid Gouda ,&nbsp;Mohamed F. Kotb ,&nbsp;Vladimír Bureš ,&nbsp;Bishoy E. Sedhom","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology uses electric vehicle (EV) batteries for two-way energy flow, enhancing grid stability and reliability. It reduces supply–demand mismatches by utilizing renewable sources, making it especially beneficial for developing nations. This paper persents a control method for controlling frequency and voltage variation in microgrids that maximizes the benefits of the PI controller. However obtaining the optimal parameters of the PI controller is not a straightforward as it depends on the trial-and-error method for tuning a PI controller and observing the system’s response to find a suitable set of parameters, particularly for systems with complex dynamics. This paper utilizes the Red Panda Optimizer (RPO) for the optimal identification of the controller’s parameters under various system conditions comparing the results with Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) and Whale Optimizer (WOA). The main objective is minimizing the performance indices including integral of absolute error (IAE), integral of squared error (ISE), integral of time weighted squared error (ITSE), and integral of time multiplied absolute error (ITAE) considering set of constraints such as frequency limits, voltage limits, state-of-charge (SOC) limits and PI controller paramerters’ limits. A detailed simulation study was conducted in MATLAB/Simulink to evaluate the performance of the proposed control strategy. The microgrid model incorporates various components, including distributed generation units, loads, and EV charging/discharging stations. Different load scenarios were simulated to assess the controller’s robustness. The system includes four PI controllers to manage the charging and discharging of two EV batteries. Two controllers regulate the current and two regulate the voltage for each battery. The current controllers adjust the charging/discharging current by modifying the PWM signals for the DC-DC converters, while the voltage controllers ensure the batteries are charged to the desired voltage level. These PI controllers help in maintaining of efficient and stable operation and optimizing energy transfer between the grid, the batteries, and the load. Performance metrics such as settling time, peak overshoot, and rise time were used to evaluate the system’s dynamic response. Compared to ALO and WOA, the ITAE value with RPO is 1.52, which is somewhat lower. Furthermore, RPO has settling time and peak overshoot values of 1.57 and 0.0474, respectively for the frequency waveform, which are lower than those of the other algorithms. The findings show that, in comparison to alternative techniques, the suggested RPO finds the globally optimal values with robustness and convergence efficiency. This proposal ensures the optimal utilization of EVs, where V2G can serve as mobile battery storage devices and minimizes supply and demand imbalances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100872"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomass to biofuel: Impacts and mitigation of environmental, health, and socioeconomic challenges","authors":"Prangon Chowdhury,&nbsp;Nafisa Anjum Mahi,&nbsp;Rahbaar Yeassin,&nbsp;Nahid-Ur-Rahman Chowdhury,&nbsp;Omar Farrok","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomass-derived biofuels hold immense potential to address global energy demands sustainably while mitigating climate change. However, its environmental, health, and socioeconomic implications present significant challenges that must be addressed comprehensively. This paper bridges existing gaps by providing a holistic review of the impacts and mitigation strategies associated with biofuel production. It presents key concerns, including land-use changes, water depletion, greenhouse gas emissions, biodiversity loss, and health risks. The findings reveal that biomass sources such as wood waste, food waste, microalgae, and energy crops are viable feedstocks, yet their production is constrained by trade-offs like resource competition, water scarcity, and land displacement. Technological advancements, including gasification, pyrolysis, and fermentation, enhance biofuel scalability but require sustainable practices to minimize environmental impact. Socioeconomic dimensions, such as rural employment, poverty reduction, and gender disparities, underscore the need for equitable policies to ensure biofuel initiatives uplift vulnerable communities without aggravating inequalities. The paper also emphasizes the alignment of biofuels with several sustainable development goals (SDGs), notably SDG 7 and SDG 13, while identifying trade-offs impacting SDG 2 and SDG 15. Mitigation strategies emphasize integrated land-use planning, biodiversity-friendly practices, and advanced technologies to balance energy production with ecological preservation. The significance of robust policies and local initiatives in building sustainable biofuel systems is highlighted, as biofuels play a vital role in achieving global sustainability goals while addressing associated benefits and challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100889"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}