Energy Conversion and Management-X最新文献

{"title":"Advancing sustainability in LNG-Powered electricity generation: A comprehensive life cycle sustainability assessment","authors":"Ahmad Al-Kuwari ,&nbsp;Murat Kucukvar ,&nbsp;Nuri C. Onat ,&nbsp;Hussein Al-Yafei ,&nbsp;Ahmed AlNouss","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Meeting the rising global energy demand necessitates efficient and sustainable electricity generation, with Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) emerging as a cleaner alternative to traditional fossil fuels. In 2020, the United Kingdom generated 121.04 TWh of electricity using natural gas, accounting for over one-third of its total electricity production. However, achieving sustainability in LNG-based electricity generation remains a significant challenge. This study evaluates the sustainability of LNG-derived electricity in the UK, focusing on LNG sourced from Qatar, through a comprehensive life cycle sustainability assessment spanning eleven stages from natural gas extraction to power generation. The analysis integrates life cycle assessment, Aspen Hysys process simulation, and sensitivity analysis to identify key stages for improvement. The findings highlight that natural gas extraction contributes 96.23% of the total energy consumption, while power plants are responsible for 67.42% of total greenhouse gas emissions. Economic analysis identifies high operational costs and resource intensity as major barriers to sustainability. Socially, while LNG shipping creates employment opportunities, it raises concerns about fair compensation practices. Sensitivity analysis identifies regasification as a critical stage where targeted improvements can significantly reduce emissions. Furthermore, optimizing vessel design and LNG shipping routes offers the potential for minimizing environmental impacts. This study recommends strategic actions such as enhancing shipping logistics, advancing liquefaction technologies, and integrating renewable energy to improve the sustainability of LNG-based electricity generation. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers, emphasizing the need to critically reassess LNG’s role in shaping a sustainable energy future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100905"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic control of a 10 MW solar-autothermal hybrid biomass gasifier for round-the-clock processing with stable syngas production","authors":"Axel Curcio ,&nbsp;Sylvain Rodat ,&nbsp;Valéry Vuillerme ,&nbsp;Stéphane Abanades","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study tackles the theoretical controllability of a hybrid solar-autothermal biomass gasifier, subject to dynamic variations of the solar power input, for round-the-clock operation. An industrial-scaled spouted bed reactor is considered, which can ensure the continuous conversion of 2 to 3 t/h of woody biomass particles. Insufficient solar power is dynamically counterbalanced by <em>in situ</em> oxy-combustion, to maintain the reaction temperature at 1200 K and the total H₂ + CO flowrate production at 1000 NL/s. A Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm is thus implemented, and the feasibility of hybridized operation is demonstrated on a second-per-second basis. Daily and yearly performance results are achieved to discuss the relevance of several model assumptions and design choices, and a sensitivity analysis is proposed. In the region of Targasonne (French Pyrenees), hybridized gasification enables reducing biomass and O₂ consumptions by 6.2 % and 19.5 %, respectively, as compared with autothermal gasification for the same gas flowrate production. The yearly solar heat share reaches 22 %, while a 7.2 % dumping of the solar heat available is necessary to avoid over-heating. Within this scope, higher H₂ + CO production rates can only be achieved at the cost of lower solar heat shares but lower dumping rates, thus better utilization of the available solar resource. The feasibility of dynamic control of a solar-autothermal biomass gasifier was successfully demonstrated for the determination of annual process performance with reasonable computational costs, paving the way to stable and controllable solar gasification process operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100913"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of biological processing technologies for palm oil mill waste treatment and simultaneous bioenergy production at laboratory scale, pilot scale and industrial scale applications with technoeconomic analysis","authors":"Debbie Dominic,&nbsp;Siti Baidurah","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Palm oil production is one of the significant economic contributors to Malaysia, yet it poses serious environmental challenges, particularly in the management of palm oil mill waste. As the industry expands, the improper management of palm oil waste has raised alarms regarding environmental concerns. This review aims to address sustainable bioenergy production through biological processing technologies for palm oil mill waste treatment, focusing on biofuels such as biogas, bioethanol, and solid biomass pellets. Furthermore, the optimization of these technologies and their efficiency in removing pollutants like chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and total suspended solids (TSS) at laboratory, pilot, and industrial scales are also explored. Additionally, the technoeconomic analysis (TEA) of the treatment technologies using SuperPro Designer and Aspen Plus is discussed to provide insights into their economic viability and environmental benefits. This review presents a comprehensive approach to palm oil mill waste treatment integrated with bioenergy production and offers scalable and economically viable solutions for sustainable palm oil production. In the future, the development of hybrid biological treatment systems combining advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), internet of things (IoT), and nanotechnology could be proposed to further enhance operational efficiency, reduce costs, and maximize the recovery of bioenergy. Importantly, the adoption of sustainability certifications like Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) and Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) is crucial in promoting responsible practices in palm oil production while ensuring compliance with environmental regulations, which would improve marketability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100914"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Freshwater production through multi effect desalination integrated with parabolic trough collectors","authors":"Mohammad Mahyar Khademi,&nbsp;Fathollah Pourfayaz","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Today, due to the increase in industrial activities and the increase in the world’s population, the human need for fresh water has increased. About 70% of the earth’s surface is covered by water, but about 15% of people suffer from lack of access to fresh water, which will increase by 40% by 2025. As a result, the use of seawater desalination units can solve the above basic problem. The use of fossil fuels is no longer a suitable solution for providing energy for desalination of sea water due to the increase in the emission of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide. On the other hand, the use of solar energy, due to its availability and cleanliness, is a promising solution for desalination of sea water. Integration of renewable systems with desalination units can solve the shortage of fresh water in the world and make the systems sustainable. The most important desalination processes include membrane desalination (for example, reverse osmosis (RO)) and thermal desalination (for example, multistage flash (MSF) and multi effect distillation (MED)). In this review article, the integration of parabolic trough collectors (PTC) with MED desalination units is investigated. And the advantages and disadvantages of each of these systems have been examined. Finally, increasing knowledge in the field of fresh water production using parabolic solar collectors has been significantly emphasized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100907"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the Taguchi method and grey relational analysis to optimize the parameter design of flat-plate collectors with nanofluids, and phase change materials in an integrated solar water heating system","authors":"Guan-Rong Chen ,&nbsp;Ting-Wei Liao ,&nbsp;Chien-Chun Hsieh ,&nbsp;Jagadish Barman ,&nbsp;Chao-Yang Huang ,&nbsp;Chung-Feng Jeffrey Kuo","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar water heating systems play a critical role in renewable energy applications, with their global market experiencing continuous growth due to increasing recognition and demand. Despite this, such systems face dual challenges in practical use: low thermal storage efficiency and insufficient heat retention. This study introduces an innovative integration of nanofluids and phase change materials (PCMs) with flat-plate collectors, representing a novel approach to addressing these challenges. Unlike prior studies that focused on individual technologies, this research combines advanced materials with multi-objective optimization to significantly enhance system performance. The Taguchi method was employed to plan the experiments, with nine control factors selected: PCM material, PCM volume, number of PCM tubes, working fluid, mass flow rate, number of collector tubes, collector tube material, tilt angle, and azimuth angle. A total of 36 experiments were designed using the Taguchi orthogonal array and simulated through TRNSYS software. Data from these experiments were analyzed using Signal-to-Noise (S/N) ratios, main effects analysis, and analysis of variance to identify optimal parameter combinations. Finally, grey relational analysis was utilized for multi-quality optimization, enabling the simultaneous enhancement of thermal storage efficiency and heat retention time. The results demonstrate that the optimized configuration achieved a thermal storage efficiency of 94.2 % and a heat retention time of 31.7 h. The optimal parameters included the use of PCM material, 20 % PCM volume, 14 PCM tubes, CuO nanofluid as the working fluid, a mass flow rate of 0.02 kg/s, 9 collector tubes, copper collector plates, a tilt angle of 22.4°, and an azimuth angle of 0° facing south. Compared to the non-optimized system, these optimizations increased thermal storage efficiency by 28 % and extended heat retention time by 14.6 h. The innovative integration and optimization framework presented in this study not only bridges the gap between theoretical research and practical applications but also provides a scalable solution for improving the efficiency of renewable energy systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100910"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust analysis of photovoltaic plants: A framework based on prediction uncertainties by machine learning","authors":"Seyyed Shahabaddin Hosseini Dehshiri,&nbsp;Bahar Firoozabadi","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Uncertainty in photovoltaic plants significantly affects performance and economic viability, making its management crucial for optimal design and operation. In this context, the present study offers a novel framework for comprehensively assessing the photovoltaic project development. Iran was selected as a case study, and using the k-means algorithm, the area was divided into eight clusters. Subsequently, a ten Megawatts photovoltaic plant was assumed in each region, and a comprehensive feasibility assessment was conducted, encompassing energy, economic, environmental, exergy, exergoeconomic, enviroeconomic, and energoeconomic aspects. Finally, the uncertainties were simulated using the Monte Carlo method. The gradient boosting regressor machine learning algorithm was predicted the PV plant for 10,000 different scenarios (R² ∼ 98 %). The results showed the capacity factor and exergy efficiency of photovoltaic panels across Iran ranged from 23-27 % and 19.3–20.6 %, respectively. Additionally, the Levelized cost of electricity and payback period were in the range of 48–56 $/MWh and 13–16 years, respectively. Also, Monte Carlo analysis showed the probability of project failure for developing photovoltaic power plants in Iran was between 14–26 %. This assessment demonstrates the PV project development in Iranian cities is feasible and can serve as a reference for fossil-fuel-rich countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100912"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis and impact of electrical energy consumption in the academic sector. A case study of the university of Castilla-La Mancha","authors":"Aarón Ortiz-Peña ,&nbsp;Andrés Honrubia-Escribano ,&nbsp;Inmaculada Gallego-Giner ,&nbsp;Álvaro Galán ,&nbsp;Emilio Gómez-Lázaro","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The notable increase in electricity consumption in industrialized countries in recent years has been accompanied by the need to reduce this consumption to achieve a sustainable energy situation, in line with national and European strategic plans. This study aims to examine the electricity consumption of the University of Castilla-La Mancha in its entirety from 2021 to 2023, during which time energy-saving measures were established in March 2022 in response to high energy prices, thus addressing a research gap in real electricity consumption in public educational institutions and its economic impact, additionally incorporating energy efficiency measures. In the study, various electrical and economic results are obtained to understand the behavior of electricity demand and its economic impact. It was observed that, thanks to the energy-saving measures implemented, electricity consumption decreased by 18% in 2022 and 20% in 2023 compared to 2021. Regarding billing, there was a 28.55% increase in 2022 compared to 2021 due to the high price of energy despite a reduction in electricity consumption compared to the previous year. However, in 2023, there was a total reduction of 29.92% compared to 2021, as the price of energy declined. The work also reveals that energy efficiency measures have had different impacts depending on the type of building.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100894"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143224185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of hydrogen imported by maritime transportation: A South Korean case study","authors":"Gyuna Kwak,&nbsp;Juha Lee,&nbsp;Yujin Jung,&nbsp;Wonjae Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen has emerged as a key energy source in the pursuit of carbon neutrality. However, resource-deficient countries, including South Korea, find it challenging to produce hydrogen domestically. Therefore, the process of importing hydrogen from overseas is gaining attention as an alternative. This study compares five hydrogen production processes–coal gasification, natural gas steam methane reforming, grid electrolysis, renewable electrolysis, and nuclear electrolysis–and two hydrogen-import processes using liquid hydrogen and ammonia. Reducing emissions from liquefaction and ammonia cracking processes is identified as a critical priority. This study conducts a case study on South Korea while simultaneously analyzing the effects of transport distance and electricity emissions to extend the findings globally. The study demonstrates that the grid electricity emissions in hydrogen-producing countries have a stronger impact than the transportation distance. Consequently, producing hydrogen from regions with cleaner electricity generation is more critical than geographic proximity. Importing ammonia is generally more advantageous than liquid hydrogen, unless the grid electricity emissions are exceptionally low, specifically below 332.1 g-CO₂-eq./kWh. Finally, hydrogen requires emissions below 8.55 and 11.89 kg-CO₂-eq./kg-H₂ to demonstrate an advantage over conventional methods in vehicle operation and power generation, indicating that even hydrogen not meeting clean hydrogen certification standards can outperform traditional approaches. This underscores the need for a more flexible approach to clean hydrogen certification. The comprehensive results of this study are applicable to resource-deficient countries seeking to import hydrogen when they develop as part of their hydrogen-related policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100887"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143224186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photothermal performance of nanofluids: An experimental study on direct absorption solar energy conversion using graphene oxide and its binary composites for water purification","authors":"Abdul Sattar ,&nbsp;Bai Bofeng ,&nbsp;M. Adeel Munir ,&nbsp;Muhammad Farooq ,&nbsp;S. Bilal ,&nbsp;M. Imran Khan ,&nbsp;Noreen Sher Akbar ,&nbsp;Mohammed Ilyas Khan ,&nbsp;Mohammad Rehan ,&nbsp;Fahid Riaz","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water scarcity affects two-thirds of the world’s population and is one of the most important challenges to human development. Nanotechnology led by solar evaporation is emerging to solve water resource problems by absorbing solar energy to vaporize nanofluid samples, especially in areas where seawater resources are abundant and economical. For this purpose a direct absorption solar collector set-up was constructed to measure evaporation rate under natural solar light, a pyranometer to measure light intensity, a K-thermocouple system to measure temperature and digital balance to measure mass loss. Then, nanofluids were prepared using a standard two-step method, and characterized using scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Photothermal experiments were carried out by weight concentrations (0.02 % and 0.03 %) for ∼ 5h each sunny day. The photothermal performance and specific absorption rate (SAR) of graphene oxide–zinc oxide (GO–ZnO) and graphene oxide–iron oxide (GO–FeO) nanofluids at different mixing ratios were investigated. The contribution of sensible heat based efficiency and evaporative based efficiency was revealed in context of photothermal efficiency. An increase in photothermal efficiency and a decrease in specific absorption rate (SAR) were observed with increasing nanoparticle concentration. 92 % photothermal conversion efficiency in the case of pure (100 %) GO at 0.03 wt% was obtained which is the highest among all the nanofluids used in this work. The best photothermal performance of pure (100 %) GO was achieved due to maximum solar absorption, dark color, highest thermal conductivity and excellent dispersion stability. Such results suggest that the direct adsorption of GO-based nanoparticles to support solar energy conversion may have various promising applications such as clean water production where there is abundant solar energy potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100898"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate machine learning algorithms for energy demand forecasting and load behavior analysis","authors":"Farhan Hussain ,&nbsp;M. Hasanuzzaman ,&nbsp;Nasrudin Abd Rahim","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents deep learning frameworks for predicting electricity demand in the Western region of Bangladesh, utilizing Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) algorithms. Critical hyperparameters, such as the number of hidden neurons in ANN and the number of input membership functions in ANFIS, are optimized to effectively capture uncertainties in load patterns. Short-term load forecasts from September 2023 to February 2024 incorporate meteorological and economic factors, achieving a low average MAPE of 1.72 % with the ANN network having sixteen hidden neurons, supporting dynamic grid operations. For strategic planning, medium- and long-term electricity projections integrate ANN and ANFIS with an econometric approach aligned with national policy, providing area-wide development-consistent forecasts. The annual peak load demand in Khulna and Rajshahi is projected to account for 70 % of the total load in the Western region, reaching 11.5 GW and 10 GW, respectively, by 2050. In contrast, Barisal is expected to have the lowest demand, requiring only 3 GW by 2050. Seasonal trend analyses indicate peak electricity demand during summer, while autumn exhibits greatest vulnerability in prediction accuracy. Forecast performance improves during winter, with average RMSE and MAPE reductions of 14.61 MW and 1.53 %, respectively, attributed to consistently lower load demand. On non-working days, energy demand decreases as economic activity slows, with total reductions averaging 71 MW more across the Khulna, Rajshahi, and Rangpur areas combined, owing to their higher concentration of industrial and commercial activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100903"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}