Studia Celto-Slavica最新文献

The History of Brittany from the 13th to the 21st Century 布列塔尼从13世纪到21世纪的历史

Studia Celto-Slavica Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.54586/lrrt6148

Yves Coativy

{"title":"The History of Brittany from the 13th to the 21st Century","authors":"Yves Coativy","doi":"10.54586/lrrt6148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54586/lrrt6148","url":null,"abstract":"Attempting to present eight centuries of Breton history in one article is of course a daunting task and my aim here is simply to provide an outline highlighting the major trends and events that will enable the reader seeking a historical introduction to better understand Breton history and culture. Covering such a long span of time necessarily implies selecting only the most salient historical events and aspects of Brittany’s cultural development. Until the Revolution of 1789, there were nine Catholic dioceses in Brittany and Breton history inscribed itself within the administrative framework of the Church. In three of these Breton dioceses (Léon, Trégor, Cornouaille) Breton was by far the dominant language; in the dioceses of Saint-Brieuc and Vannes people spoke Breton and French or Gallo (a romance language with Latin roots), while in those of Nantes and Dol, Gallo or French were spoken, with Breton used in an enclave situated in the area around Guérande. The diocese of Dol was particular in that its possessions were disseminated throughout Brittany and as far as the Norman border. This reflects the donations it had received from the Breton aristocracy. The use of the Breton language varied through the centuries, with the Breton-speaking areas receding westwards as time went by. The impact that this had on Breton history should not be underestimated: Brittany shares this linguistic plurality with other regions or states like Belgium, Switzerland or Canada and the Celtic countries. The linguistic status of Breton is considerably different though since it is not officially recognised by the French government. This should be kept in mind when considering the nature of Breton cultural and political identities until the present day.","PeriodicalId":370965,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celto-Slavica","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135010457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Palaeolithic Caves to Roman Villas: Brittany's Distant Past 从旧石器时代的洞穴到罗马别墅:布列塔尼遥远的过去

Studia Celto-Slavica Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.54586/jait4173

Patrick Galliou

引用次数: 0

Breton Literature between the 16th and 17th Centuries: The Work of Artisans 16至17世纪的布列塔尼文学:工匠的作品

Studia Celto-Slavica Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.54586/xaow5627

Ronan Calvez

引用次数: 0

From Kings to Dukes: Brittany between the 5th and the 12th Century 从国王到公爵:5世纪到12世纪的布列塔尼

Studia Celto-Slavica Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.54586/gajv1095

Patrick Kernevez

{"title":"From Kings to Dukes: Brittany between the 5th and the 12th Century","authors":"Patrick Kernevez","doi":"10.54586/gajv1095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54586/gajv1095","url":null,"abstract":"Brittany owes its name to the Brythonic immigrants who moved from insular Britain to north-western Gaul, then known as Armorica, between the 4th and the 7th centuries. The north and west of the Breton peninsula were colonised by these settlers from across the Channel, while the eastern part of modern Brittany, the area around Rennes and Nantes came under the control of the Franks. By the end of the 5th century, the latter had taken over control of the whole of ancient Gaul, apart from the tip of ancient Armorica where the Bretons resisted the Frankish kings’ domination for some time. Brittany even witnessed the emergence of a royal lineage recognised in due course by the Franks in 851, but the new Breton kingdom was soon weakened by the Viking raids and internal fighting. This weakening of the central Breton power in the 10th century effectively benefited the aristocracy which wielded power at a local level. In the 11th and 12th centuries, counts, viscounts and castellans would gain power under the relative authority of a prince: the Duke of Brittany. At that time, Brittany was a principality with little effective power for two centuries, until the prince’s power was reinforced by the Plantagenets during the second half of the 12th century. Lying in the westernmost part of France, on the fringes of the Kingdom of the Franks, Brittany had a distinct and peculiar history, shaped by dual Brythonic and Frankish influences.","PeriodicalId":370965,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celto-Slavica","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135009401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

La Villemarque's Barzaz-Breiz (1839-1845-1867): A Romantic Fiction to Reinvent Oneself La Villemarque的Barzaz-Breiz(1839-1845-1867):一部重塑自我的浪漫小说

Studia Celto-Slavica Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.54586/qjld3419

Nelly Blanchard

{"title":"La Villemarque's Barzaz-Breiz (1839-1845-1867): A Romantic Fiction to Reinvent Oneself","authors":"Nelly Blanchard","doi":"10.54586/qjld3419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54586/qjld3419","url":null,"abstract":"In 1839, Viscount Théodore Hersart de La Villemarqué published the Barzaz-Breiz (The Popular Ballads of Brittany) at his own expense. He was only 24 years old at the time. This book would bring him fame, give him a name and was to influence all of his future work. The Barzaz-Breiz was then further developed and modified twice afterwards, in 1845 and 1867. To this day it remains one of the best known books in Breton language literature. There are several reasons why the Barzaz-Breiz should not be reduced to just a collection of popular ballads as its title and research on the subject suggest. First of all, the authenticity of the songs of the Barzaz-Breiz and their possible modification, manipulation — or even their total invention by de la Villemarqué — have been the object of so much scholarly debate since the beginning of what came to be called the Barzaz-Breiz dispute, that attention has almost exclusively been focused on the ballads, leaving the rest of the text in the shadows. Secondly, there is a yawning chasm separating La Villemarqué’s work from that of his contemporaries who also collected popular songs. The book forms a space which is made up of de la Villemarqué’s words and serves as the locus for his reallocation of meanings to words. What we are given to read here is no less than a dissertation about the author himself. This paper therefore posits that the Barzaz-Breiz is not a mere collection of popular songs but rather a text — de la Villemarqué is not a mere collector but an author.","PeriodicalId":370965,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celto-Slavica","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135009962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oral Literature in Brittany: A Short History of Breton Collections and Collectors 布列塔尼的口头文学:布列塔尼收藏和收藏家的简史

Studia Celto-Slavica Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.54586/ogvh9133

Fañch Postic

引用次数: 0

100 Years of Literature in the Breton Language (1920-2020) 布列塔尼语文学100年(1920-2020)

Studia Celto-Slavica Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.54586/tvkn4289

Mannaig Thomas

{"title":"100 Years of Literature in the Breton Language (1920-2020)","authors":"Mannaig Thomas","doi":"10.54586/tvkn4289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54586/tvkn4289","url":null,"abstract":"Literature written in the Breton language in the 20th and 21st centuries presents something of a paradox in that although the number of Breton speakers has continued to decrease throughout the 20th century and in the first decades of the 21st century (Broudic 2009), the number of works published per year has remained at a relatively stable level (Thomas 2014) and even appears to be increasing. This can be seen in the diversity of audiences targeted and genres covered, and in the increased visibility that Breton language books have received in libraries, multimedia resource centres and at book fairs in the last twenty years (Rouxel 2021). The practice of translating treasures of world literature into Breton has also gained momentum. In order to understand the reasons for this apparent paradox, it is necessary to consider the way in which Breton-language literature is perceived in a more global context of language promotion. The initial paradox can be explained in part as follows: if the volume of literary output in the Breton language is not correlated to changes in the size of its readership, it is because the readership in question is far from homogenous and, moreover, because literary output needs to be placed in a context of language promotion.","PeriodicalId":370965,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celto-Slavica","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135009412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Name-Avoidance and Circumlocutory Terms in Modern Irish and Scottish Maritime Memorates 现代爱尔兰和苏格兰海事备忘录中的避名和绕行术语

Studia Celto-Slavica Pub Date : 2020-12-04 DOI: 10.54586/ohsh9643

M. Fomin

{"title":"Name-Avoidance and Circumlocutory Terms in Modern Irish and Scottish Maritime Memorates","authors":"M. Fomin","doi":"10.54586/ohsh9643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54586/ohsh9643","url":null,"abstract":"In 1942, Seán Ó Súilleabháin’s Handbook of Irish Folklore was produced for collectors of the Irish Folklore Commission. Among many things related to the Irish folklore tradition, the handbook included a section on ‘Fishing Lore’. This initial inquiry was followed by a questionnaire of a fuller scale distributed among the fishermen and members of coastal communities on ‘fishing beliefs’ by the Department of Irish Folklore at UCD in 1979 (see Ní Fhloinn 2018: 352–4 for further detail). Questions relevant to this paper included the following:\u0000 • Are certain kinds of people or certain animals thought to bring bad luck to the fishermen?\u0000 • Are people with certain surnames regarded as unlucky?\u0000 • How do fishermen react to all of these?\u0000 • What attitude do fishermen have towards red-haired people and red things in general?\u0000 The answers have since been carefully documented by the Department of Irish Folklore. Most recently, results of research into a specific aspect of the occupational lore of Irish fishermen, “namely, the idea that it was unlucky to mention certain words and entities while at sea” (Ní Fhloinn 2018: 13) was published. Drawing upon Ní Fhloinn’s methodological framework, I would like to examine the corpus of maritime memorates collected by Ulster University’s Stories of the Sea project since 2010 drawing particular attention to various circumlocutory fishing terms and the fishermen’s sociocultural practice of name-avoidance.","PeriodicalId":370965,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celto-Slavica","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132082816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cynghanedd, Amser a Pherson yng Nghywyddau Brud Dafydd Gorlech (Cynghanedd, Time/Tense and Person in the Cywyddau of Dafydd Gorlech) Cynghanedd, Amser a Pherson yng Nghywyddau Brud Dafydd Gorlech（《Cynghanedd，达菲-高雷奇作品中的时间/时态和人称）

Studia Celto-Slavica Pub Date : 2018-05-30 DOI: 10.54586/jztc2458

Aled Jones

引用次数: 0

Multilingual Practices and Linguistic Contacts in Pre-Patrician Ireland and Late Roman Britain 前贵族爱尔兰和罗马晚期英国的多语言实践和语言接触

Studia Celto-Slavica Pub Date : 2017-01-09 DOI: 10.54586/dajo1314

M. Fomin

{"title":"Multilingual Practices and Linguistic Contacts in Pre-Patrician Ireland and Late Roman Britain","authors":"M. Fomin","doi":"10.54586/dajo1314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54586/dajo1314","url":null,"abstract":"What kind of contact and exchange was known to exist between the Roman world and the island of Ireland in the pre-Patrician period? This necessarily short contribution will try to answer this and the following questions that emerge as a result of this inquiry. Do we have any evidence of archaeological, toponymic and palaeographic nature that argues in favour of the contact? Can one find any evidence of the linguistic contact? What kind of words entered Early Irish from Latin in this period? How do we address and interpret the instances, variations and patterns of Irish/Latin code-mixing and diglossia in the earliest documents, such as the Leinster genealogies, the early sections of the glossaries and of the annals (c. 440–470 AD)? Various scholars (Mohrmann 1962: 217; Ó Cróinín 2004: 8; Harvey 2011: 66) have argued that Latin, introduced as “an artificial, bookish language, distant from the dimension of everyday communication” (cit. in Bisagni 2014: 53), was alien to the Irish in its form and essence so that it was used purely for monastic purposes. I will argue against this, proposing a contrary argument: the Irish were at home with Latin, and gained their knowledge of the language through their communication with the Roman world through warfare and trade.","PeriodicalId":370965,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celto-Slavica","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115458690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1