IF 10.8 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c1259910.1021/acs.est.4c12599

Cassandra Rauert*, Nathan Charlton, Angus Bagley, Sarah A. Dunlop, Christos Symeonides and Kevin V. Thomas,

{"title":"Assessing the Efficacy of Pyrolysis–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Nanoplastic and Microplastic Analysis in Human Blood","authors":"Cassandra Rauert*, Nathan Charlton, Angus Bagley, Sarah A. Dunlop, Christos Symeonides and Kevin V. Thomas, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c1259910.1021/acs.est.4c12599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c12599https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c12599","url":null,"abstract":"Humans are constantly exposed to micro- and nanosized plastics (MNPs); however, there is still limited understanding of their fate within the body, partially due to limitations with current analytical techniques. The current study assessed the appropriateness of pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) analysis for the quantification of a range of polymers in human blood. An extraction protocol that reduced matrix interferences (false positives) of polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was developed and validated. Extraction recoveries ranged 7–109%, although surface-modified polystyrene (carboxylated) increased nanoparticle recoveries from 17 to 52%. Realistic detection limits were calculated for each polymer, accounting for matrix suppression and extraction recovery. These were up to 20 times higher than nominal detection limits calculated with Milli-Q water. Finally, the method was tested with a pilot study of the Australian population. PE interferences were reduced but still present, and no other polymers were above detection limits. It was concluded that Py-GC-MS is currently not a suitable analysis method for PE and PVC in biological matrices due to the presence of interferences and nonspecific pyrolysis products. Furthermore, while it is plausible to detect some polymers in blood, the estimated exposure concentrations needed are approaching the detection limits of the technique.The efficacy of Py-GC-MS analysis of MNPs in biological matrices was assessed, determining that it is not appropriate for certain polymers and may not have the detection limits needed for biologically feasible exposures.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"59 4","pages":"1984–1994 1984–1994"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.est.4c12599","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143089604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Overview of Potential Alternatives for the Multiple Uses of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

IF 10.8 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c0908810.1021/acs.est.4c09088

Romain Figuière*, Luc T. Miaz, Eleni Savvidou and Ian T. Cousins,

{"title":"An Overview of Potential Alternatives for the Multiple Uses of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances","authors":"Romain Figuière*, Luc T. Miaz, Eleni Savvidou and Ian T. Cousins, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c0908810.1021/acs.est.4c09088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c09088https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c09088","url":null,"abstract":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are used in a wide range of different industrial and consumer applications. However, due to their extreme environmental persistence and their impacts on human and ecosystem health, PFAS have been subject to many regulatory activities, including initiatives to incentivize industry to transition toward PFAS-free alternatives. Although efforts have been made to map all uses of PFAS, work is still needed to provide an overview of their potential alternatives. Based on the functional substitution approach, this study develops an online database that documents all known uses of PFAS, describes the functions provided by PFAS in these uses, lists potential alternatives that can deliver equivalent or similar functions to PFAS, and evaluates the suitability of the identified alternatives to replace PFAS. Overall, the database lists 325 different applications of PFAS across 18 use categories. In total, 530 PFAS-free alternatives are identified. Based on a screening of potential concerns of the identified alternatives, their performance compared to PFAS, and their availability on the market, it is concluded that potentially suitable alternatives to PFAS are available for 40 different applications. For 83 applications, no alternatives could be identified at the time of the study and should be the focus of further research activities.This study provides an overview of the availability of suitable alternatives to PFAS across their multiple uses.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"59 4","pages":"2031–2042 2031–2042"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.est.4c09088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143089556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the Efficacy of Pyrolysis–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Nanoplastic and Microplastic Analysis in Human Blood

IF 9.028 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c12599

Cassandra Rauert, Nathan Charlton, Angus Bagley, Sarah A. Dunlop, Christos Symeonides, Kevin V. Thomas

{"title":"Assessing the Efficacy of Pyrolysis–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Nanoplastic and Microplastic Analysis in Human Blood","authors":"Cassandra Rauert, Nathan Charlton, Angus Bagley, Sarah A. Dunlop, Christos Symeonides, Kevin V. Thomas","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c12599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c12599","url":null,"abstract":"Humans are constantly exposed to micro- and nanosized plastics (MNPs); however, there is still limited understanding of their fate within the body, partially due to limitations with current analytical techniques. The current study assessed the appropriateness of pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) analysis for the quantification of a range of polymers in human blood. An extraction protocol that reduced matrix interferences (false positives) of polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was developed and validated. Extraction recoveries ranged 7–109%, although surface-modified polystyrene (carboxylated) increased nanoparticle recoveries from 17 to 52%. Realistic detection limits were calculated for each polymer, accounting for matrix suppression and extraction recovery. These were up to 20 times higher than nominal detection limits calculated with Milli-Q water. Finally, the method was tested with a pilot study of the Australian population. PE interferences were reduced but still present, and no other polymers were above detection limits. It was concluded that Py-GC-MS is currently not a suitable analysis method for PE and PVC in biological matrices due to the presence of interferences and nonspecific pyrolysis products. Furthermore, while it is plausible to detect some polymers in blood, the estimated exposure concentrations needed are approaching the detection limits of the technique.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the Laboratory Performance of Pellet-Fueled Semigasifier Cookstoves

IF 10.8 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c1000810.1021/acs.est.4c10008

Wyatt M. Champion*, Guofeng Shen, Craig Williams, Larry Virtaranta, Mark Barnes, Cara Christianson, Michael D. Hays and James J. Jetter,

{"title":"Evaluating the Laboratory Performance of Pellet-Fueled Semigasifier Cookstoves","authors":"Wyatt M. Champion*, Guofeng Shen, Craig Williams, Larry Virtaranta, Mark Barnes, Cara Christianson, Michael D. Hays and James J. Jetter, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c1000810.1021/acs.est.4c10008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10008https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10008","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines three representative semigasifier cookstove models each burning four types of pelletized-biomass fuel (hardwood, peanut hull, rice husk, and wheat straw) using the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 19867-1:2018 protocol. ISO tier ratings for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions ranged 1–4 and 2–5 (where 5 = cleanest), respectively, suggesting that pellet-fueled cookstoves may provide substantial emissions reductions, dependent upon stove/fuel matching and operation, over other biomass-fueled cooking alternatives. PM2.5 emission factors based on useful energy delivered (EFd) varied by up to 25-fold, and organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC) EFd values respectively varied by >200- and ∼100-fold, reflecting complex variability in PM2.5 composition. These semigasifier cookstoves showed higher ultrafine particle (UFP) emissions but lower bulk PM2.5 emissions. Operation of pellet-fueled cookstoves at higher firepower resulted in higher PM2.5 and UFP emission factors and higher EC-to-total-carbon ratios; operation at lower firepower resulted in higher gaseous pollutant emission factors. Results of this work provide technical guidance for stove developers, users, and policy-makers. These ISO-protocol-based emission factors are also pertinent to health and climate modeling efforts.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"59 4","pages":"2006–2017 2006–2017"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143089580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Opportunities and Challenges of a Cap-and-Trade System for Plastics

IF 10.8 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c0493110.1021/acs.est.4c04931

Hadeel Al-Zawaidah*, Marlene Kammerer, Denise M. Mitrano and Kryss Waldschläger,

{"title":"Opportunities and Challenges of a Cap-and-Trade System for Plastics","authors":"Hadeel Al-Zawaidah*, Marlene Kammerer, Denise M. Mitrano and Kryss Waldschläger, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c0493110.1021/acs.est.4c04931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c04931https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c04931","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the rapid increase in global plastics production has caused various ecological and economic issues, worsened by poor material and waste management. Among the market-based instruments that could help mitigate the environmental impacts of plastics throughout their life-cycle, we evaluate the advantages and limitations of incorporating a cap-and-trade (CAT) system into future policy mixes. Our aim is to inspire further investigation of CAT’s feasibility rather than presenting it as the ultimate solution. Drawing from past CAT implementations in domains such as water resource management and carbon emissions, we outline three key policy design considerations: (1) material and target group identification, (2) cap establishment and permit allocation, and (3) development of a competitive market environment. We explore a three-tiered approach with global, national, and sectoral caps covering the plastic lifecycle from cradle to grave. While there are viable reasons to consider a plastics CAT, significant challenges persist, which may ultimately limit its implementation. In the context of ongoing UN Plastics Treaty negotiations or future policy developments, this evaluation of CAT can be beneficial for assessing when and how this tool can address the negative externalities of plastics.Growing global plastics production and waste management challenges initiated the UN Plastics Treaty negotiations. This manuscript explores the integration of a cap-and-trade system to manage plastics, highlighting advantages and limitations.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"59 4","pages":"1887–1896 1887–1896"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.est.4c04931","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143090204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Low-Severity Fire on the Composition and Stability of Soil Organic Carbon in Permafrost Peatlands (Northeast China)

IF 9.028 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c09001

Guangxin Li, Long Sun, Haiqing Hu, Shengzhen Ji, Tongxin Hu, Jinxin Cong, Dongxue Han, Chuanyu Gao

{"title":"Effects of Low-Severity Fire on the Composition and Stability of Soil Organic Carbon in Permafrost Peatlands (Northeast China)","authors":"Guangxin Li, Long Sun, Haiqing Hu, Shengzhen Ji, Tongxin Hu, Jinxin Cong, Dongxue Han, Chuanyu Gao","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c09001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c09001","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change and human activity are increasing the frequency of wildfires in peatlands and threatening permafrost peatland carbon pools. In Northeast China, low-severity prescribed fires are conducted annually on permafrost peatlands to reduce the risk of wildfires. These fires typically do not burn surface peat but lead to the loss of surface vegetation and introduction of pyrogenic carbon. However, the long-term effects of repeated low-severity fires on soil carbon stability in these ecosystems remain unclear. Thus, we conducted low-severity prescribed fire experiments over 3 years in the permafrost peatlands of the Great Khingan Mountains. Our findings showed a gradual decline in the total carbon content, primarily due to the reduction in free particulate organic matter (fPOM). Initially, fPOM was higher in the burned sites but decreased with repeated burning. Chemical analyses revealed a 32% increase in the aromaticity of the fPOM at the burned sites, which diminished the thermal stability of the soil. Furthermore, both prescribed fires and the addition of pyrogenic carbon reduced biological stability while increasing enzyme activity and CO2 production, which was attributed to the introduction of post-fire pyrogenic carbon. These results suggest that low-severity fires compromise the stability of permafrost peatlands, particularly because the pyrogenic carbon input alters the chemical composition of the soil carbon fraction.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vegetation Fire Emissions Exacerbate Glacier Melting on the Third Pole

IF 9.028 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c08090

Chao You, Jing Wang, Renping Lin, Chao Xu

{"title":"Vegetation Fire Emissions Exacerbate Glacier Melting on the Third Pole","authors":"Chao You, Jing Wang, Renping Lin, Chao Xu","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c08090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c08090","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetation fires release a large fraction of light-absorbing components, which can contribute to the melting of snowpack and alpine glaciers. However, the relationship between variability in fire emissions and alpine glacier melting on the Third Pole (TP) remains poorly understood. This study provides evidence that carbon emissions from windward vegetation fires play a crucial role in comprehending glacier melting on the TP, particularly during the months of intense vegetation fires from March to May for monsoon-dominated glaciers and from June to October for westerlies-dominated glaciers. Furthermore, robust positive correlations (with p < 0.05) have been observed since 1997 across the TP between variations in glacier melting and fire carbon emissions during both annual periods and those intense fire months. In addition to climate warming, intensified fire carbon emissions could potentially accelerate the melting and mass loss of TP glaciers, especially during those traditionally nonmelting months. An urgent reassessment of the impact of fire carbon emissions on changes in TP glaciers is necessary, given that meltwater during traditionally nonmelting months can reshape freshwater resource supply patterns, and the projected increased wildfire risk in high mountainous regions in a rapidly warming climate.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Significant Impact of a Daytime Halogen Oxidant on Coastal Air Quality

IF 10.8 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c0836010.1021/acs.est.4c08360

Jianing Dai, Tao Wang*, Hengqing Shen, Men Xia, Weihang Sun and Guy P. Brasseur,

{"title":"Significant Impact of a Daytime Halogen Oxidant on Coastal Air Quality","authors":"Jianing Dai, Tao Wang*, Hengqing Shen, Men Xia, Weihang Sun and Guy P. Brasseur, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c0836010.1021/acs.est.4c08360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c08360https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c08360","url":null,"abstract":"Chlorine radicals (Cl·) are highly reactive and affect the fate of air pollutants. Several field studies in China have revealed elevated levels of daytime molecular chlorine (Cl2), which, upon photolysis, release substantial amounts of Cl· but are poorly represented in current chemical transport models. Here, we implemented a parametrization for the formation of daytime Cl2 through the photodissociation of particulate nitrate in acidic environments into a regional model and assessed its impact on coastal air quality during autumn in South China. The model could reproduce over 70% of the high Cl2 level measured at a coastal site, revealing a discernible presence of Cl2 and released Cl· in coastal and adjacent areas. Abundant Cl2 alters the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere, consequently increasing O3 (6–12%) and PM2.5 (10–16%) concentrations in high-NOx areas and reducing O3 (3%) concentration in low-NOx areas. Accounting for chlorine chemistry shifts the O3 – precursor relationships from VOC limited to mixed or NOx -limited regimes, enhancing the benefits of NOx emission reduction in mitigating O3 pollution. Our findings suggest that tightening emission control for two acidic pollutants, NOx and SO2, would alleviate reactive Cl· production and its adverse impact on air quality.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"59 4","pages":"2169–2180 2169–2180"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143089638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Overview of Potential Alternatives for the Multiple Uses of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

IF 9.028 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c09088

Romain Figuière, Luc T. Miaz, Eleni Savvidou, Ian T. Cousins

{"title":"An Overview of Potential Alternatives for the Multiple Uses of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances","authors":"Romain Figuière, Luc T. Miaz, Eleni Savvidou, Ian T. Cousins","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c09088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c09088","url":null,"abstract":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are used in a wide range of different industrial and consumer applications. However, due to their extreme environmental persistence and their impacts on human and ecosystem health, PFAS have been subject to many regulatory activities, including initiatives to incentivize industry to transition toward PFAS-free alternatives. Although efforts have been made to map all uses of PFAS, work is still needed to provide an overview of their potential alternatives. Based on the functional substitution approach, this study develops an online database that documents all known uses of PFAS, describes the functions provided by PFAS in these uses, lists potential alternatives that can deliver equivalent or similar functions to PFAS, and evaluates the suitability of the identified alternatives to replace PFAS. Overall, the database lists 325 different applications of PFAS across 18 use categories. In total, 530 PFAS-free alternatives are identified. Based on a screening of potential concerns of the identified alternatives, their performance compared to PFAS, and their availability on the market, it is concluded that potentially suitable alternatives to PFAS are available for 40 different applications. For 83 applications, no alternatives could be identified at the time of the study and should be the focus of further research activities.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the Laboratory Performance of Pellet-Fueled Semigasifier Cookstoves

IF 9.028 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c10008

Wyatt M. Champion, Guofeng Shen, Craig Williams, Larry Virtaranta, Mark Barnes, Cara Christianson, Michael D. Hays, James J. Jetter

{"title":"Evaluating the Laboratory Performance of Pellet-Fueled Semigasifier Cookstoves","authors":"Wyatt M. Champion, Guofeng Shen, Craig Williams, Larry Virtaranta, Mark Barnes, Cara Christianson, Michael D. Hays, James J. Jetter","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c10008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10008","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines three representative semigasifier cookstove models each burning four types of pelletized-biomass fuel (hardwood, peanut hull, rice husk, and wheat straw) using the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 19867-1:2018 protocol. ISO tier ratings for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions ranged 1–4 and 2–5 (where 5 = cleanest), respectively, suggesting that pellet-fueled cookstoves may provide substantial emissions reductions, dependent upon stove/fuel matching and operation, over other biomass-fueled cooking alternatives. PM2.5 emission factors based on useful energy delivered (EFd) varied by up to 25-fold, and organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC) EFd values respectively varied by >200- and ∼100-fold, reflecting complex variability in PM2.5 composition. These semigasifier cookstoves showed higher ultrafine particle (UFP) emissions but lower bulk PM2.5 emissions. Operation of pellet-fueled cookstoves at higher firepower resulted in higher PM2.5 and UFP emission factors and higher EC-to-total-carbon ratios; operation at lower firepower resulted in higher gaseous pollutant emission factors. Results of this work provide technical guidance for stove developers, users, and policy-makers. These ISO-protocol-based emission factors are also pertinent to health and climate modeling efforts.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

环境科学与技术最新文献