环境科学与技术最新文献

{"title":"Unraveling Human Hepatocellular Responses to PFAS and Aqueous Film-Forming Foams (AFFFs) for Molecular Hazard Prioritization and In Vivo Translation","authors":"Kevin A. Mauge-Lewis, Sreenivasa C. Ramaiahgari, Scott S. Auerbach, Georgia K. Roberts, Suramya Waidyanatha, Suzanne E. Fenton, Dhiral P. Phadke, Michele R. Balik-Meisner, Arpit Tandon, Deepak Mav, Brian Howard, Ruchir Shah, Barney Sparrow, Jenni Gorospe, Stephen S. Ferguson","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c10595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10595","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) are complex product mixtures that often contain per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) to enhance fire suppression and protect firefighters. However, PFAS have been associated with a range of adverse health effects (e.g., liver and thyroid disease and cancer), and innovative approach methods to better understand their toxicity potential and identify safer alternatives are needed. In this study, we investigated a set of 30 substances (e.g., AFFF, PFAS, and clinical drugs) using differentiated cultures of human hepatocytes (HepaRG, 2D), high-throughput transcriptomics, deep learning of cell morphology images, and liver enzyme leakage assays with benchmark dose analysis to (1) predict the potency ranges for human liver injury, (2) delineate gene- and pathway-level transcriptomic points-of-departure for molecular hazard characterization and prioritization, (3) characterize human hepatocellular response similarities to inform regulatory read-across efforts, and (4) introduce an innovative approach to translate mechanistic hepatocellular response data to predict the potency ranges for PFAS-induced hepatomegaly in vivo. Collectively, these data fill important mechanistic knowledge gaps with PFAS/AFFF and represent a scalable platform to address the thousands of PFAS in commerce for greener chemistries and next-generation risk assessments.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling Human Hepatocellular Responses to PFAS and Aqueous Film-Forming Foams (AFFFs) for Molecular Hazard Prioritization and In Vivo Translation","authors":"Kevin A. Mauge-Lewis,&nbsp;Sreenivasa C. Ramaiahgari,&nbsp;Scott S. Auerbach,&nbsp;Georgia K. Roberts,&nbsp;Suramya Waidyanatha,&nbsp;Suzanne E. Fenton,&nbsp;Dhiral P. Phadke,&nbsp;Michele R. Balik-Meisner,&nbsp;Arpit Tandon,&nbsp;Deepak Mav,&nbsp;Brian Howard,&nbsp;Ruchir Shah,&nbsp;Barney Sparrow,&nbsp;Jenni Gorospe and Stephen S. Ferguson*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c1059510.1021/acs.est.4c10595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10595https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10595","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) are complex product mixtures that often contain per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) to enhance fire suppression and protect firefighters. However, PFAS have been associated with a range of adverse health effects (e.g., liver and thyroid disease and cancer), and innovative approach methods to better understand their toxicity potential and identify safer alternatives are needed. In this study, we investigated a set of 30 substances (e.g., AFFF, PFAS, and clinical drugs) using differentiated cultures of human hepatocytes (HepaRG, 2D), high-throughput transcriptomics, deep learning of cell morphology images, and liver enzyme leakage assays with benchmark dose analysis to (1) predict the potency ranges for human liver injury, (2) delineate gene- and pathway-level transcriptomic points-of-departure for molecular hazard characterization and prioritization, (3) characterize human hepatocellular response similarities to inform regulatory read-across efforts, and (4) introduce an innovative approach to translate mechanistic hepatocellular response data to predict the potency ranges for PFAS-induced hepatomegaly in vivo. Collectively, these data fill important mechanistic knowledge gaps with PFAS/AFFF and represent a scalable platform to address the thousands of PFAS in commerce for greener chemistries and next-generation risk assessments.</p><p >Environmental PFAS and AFFFs investigated to predict potency ranges for human liver injury, unravel hepatocellular-response similarities, and delineate mechanistic pathways that translated into predictions for rodent hepatomegaly.</p>","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"59 5","pages":"2423–2435 2423–2435"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.est.4c10595","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzimidazole Fungicide Carbendazim Induces Gut Inflammation through the TLR5/NF-κB Pathway in Grass Carp","authors":"Zhi-Jie Lu, Wen-Jun Shi, Lu-Kai Qiao, Dong-Dong Ma, Jin-Ge Zhang, Chong-Rui Yao, Si-Ying Li, Xiao-Bing Long, Guang-Guo Ying","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c12695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c12695","url":null,"abstract":"Fungicides have been increasingly used across various sectors, including agriculture and textiles. The biocidal properties of fungicides may negatively impact the stability of intestinal microbiota, thereby posing a threat to intestinal health. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of intestinal damage and functional abnormalities in grass carp following a 42-day exposure to the widely used fungicide carbendazim at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.2 to 20 μg/L). Histopathological observations, mRNA and protein expression analyses, biochemical analysis, quantification of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), cytokines, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA), as well as internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing, were performed. At environmentally relevant concentrations, carbendazim strongly induced intestinal inflammation, leading to increased transcriptional and translational levels of genes involved in the toll-like receptor five (TLR5)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, including TLR5, NF-κB, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα). Additionally, carbendazim damaged intestinal barriers and reduced the expression of tight junction proteins (e.g., occludin and zonula occludens-1/2), goblet cells, and immunoglobulin M levels, while also disrupting the gut microbiome, leading to intestinal metabolic disorders, particularly decreases in SCFAs and increases in LPS. Treatment with the TLR5 antagonist TH1020 mitigated intestinal inflammation caused by carbendazim, subsequently improving mechanical barrier function. Overall, our findings provide new insights into the toxicological mechanisms underlying intestinal damage caused by carbendazim in grass carp, indicating that carbendazim poses a significant threat to nontarget organisms. Given its widespread detection in the environment, these results underscore the substantial ecological risks to the gut health of fish living in carbendazim-contaminated water bodies.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143077206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzimidazole Fungicide Carbendazim Induces Gut Inflammation through the TLR5/NF-κB Pathway in Grass Carp","authors":"Zhi-Jie Lu,&nbsp;Wen-Jun Shi*,&nbsp;Lu-Kai Qiao,&nbsp;Dong-Dong Ma,&nbsp;Jin-Ge Zhang,&nbsp;Chong-Rui Yao,&nbsp;Si-Ying Li,&nbsp;Xiao-Bing Long and Guang-Guo Ying*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c1269510.1021/acs.est.4c12695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c12695https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c12695","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Fungicides have been increasingly used across various sectors, including agriculture and textiles. The biocidal properties of fungicides may negatively impact the stability of intestinal microbiota, thereby posing a threat to intestinal health. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of intestinal damage and functional abnormalities in grass carp following a 42-day exposure to the widely used fungicide carbendazim at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.2 to 20 μg/L). Histopathological observations, mRNA and protein expression analyses, biochemical analysis, quantification of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), cytokines, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA), as well as internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing, were performed. At environmentally relevant concentrations, carbendazim strongly induced intestinal inflammation, leading to increased transcriptional and translational levels of genes involved in the toll-like receptor five (TLR5)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, including TLR5, NF-κB, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα). Additionally, carbendazim damaged intestinal barriers and reduced the expression of tight junction proteins (e.g., occludin and zonula occludens-1/2), goblet cells, and immunoglobulin M levels, while also disrupting the gut microbiome, leading to intestinal metabolic disorders, particularly decreases in SCFAs and increases in LPS. Treatment with the TLR5 antagonist TH1020 mitigated intestinal inflammation caused by carbendazim, subsequently improving mechanical barrier function. Overall, our findings provide new insights into the toxicological mechanisms underlying intestinal damage caused by carbendazim in grass carp, indicating that carbendazim poses a significant threat to nontarget organisms. Given its widespread detection in the environment, these results underscore the substantial ecological risks to the gut health of fish living in carbendazim-contaminated water bodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"59 5","pages":"2473–2483 2473–2483"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ice Nucleation Abilities and Chemical Characteristics of Laboratory-Generated and Aged Biomass Burning Aerosols","authors":"Jie Chen, Fähndrich Martin Othmar Jakob, Aristeidis Voliotis, Huihui Wu, Sara Aisyah Syafira, Osayomwanbor Oghama, Nadia Shardt, Nicolas Fauré, Xiangrui Kong, Gordon Mcfiggans, Zamin A. Kanji","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c04941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c04941","url":null,"abstract":"Biomass burning aerosol (BBA) contributes significantly to the global aerosol burden, yet its chemical nature and ice nucleation activities (INAs) are unconstrained due to the heterogeneity in biomass sources and complex evolution of atmospheric aging processes. This study comprehensively investigates the chemical composition and INA of BBA generated through laboratory-controlled burns with different biomasses and burning conditions. Both freshly emitted and photochemically aged BBA produced from different processes exhibit distinct and reproducible chemical compositions. However, the INA of BBA shows substantial variability at mixed-phase cloud temperatures and cannot be predicted by the chemical variability of the enriched carbonaceous materials. This indicates the negligible role of carbonaceous materials in determining the INA of BBA. Using laboratory data, we further evaluate the impact of BBA on atmospheric ice nucleation using particulate matter mass concentration and particle equivalent spherical radius. The estimated ice nucleating particle (INP) concentrations contributed by laboratory-produced BBA are lower than those observed during BBA pollution in field studies. This discrepancy is likely attributed to co-lofted mineral particles during real-world biomass burning, such as ash or soil particles, rather than carbonaceous-rich particles from combustion. We encourage further research to quantify the contribution of mineral particles to the INP concentrations of BBA.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Atmospheric Composition Effects from Marine Isoprene Emissions","authors":"Wentai Zhang*,&nbsp;James Weber,&nbsp;Alex T. Archibald*,&nbsp;Nathan Luke Abraham,&nbsp;Dennis Booge,&nbsp;Mingxi Yang and Dasa Gu*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c1065710.1021/acs.est.4c10657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10657https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10657","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Isoprene emissions, primarily of biogenic origin, play an important role in atmospheric chemistry and climate. However, the atmospheric implications of marine isoprene emissions remain underexplored due to sparse in situ measurements and the intricate mechanisms governing isoprene in the upper ocean. This study uses 20 years of MODIS satellite observations to upscale isoprene production and loss rates derived from laboratory experiments, enabling global modeling of aqueous isoprene concentrations and emissions. Earth system model simulations with integrated marine isoprene emissions demonstrate substantial alterations in atmospheric composition over global oceanic regions. Our investigation uncovers diurnal variations in the vertical profiles of atmospheric isoprene, indicating that surface isoprene can ascend to the mid-to-upper troposphere, where nitrogen monoxide (NO) influences isoprene epoxydiol (IEPOX) production differently over selected oceanic and terrestrial regions. These findings pave the way for future studies on the role of marine isoprene in climate models and advance our understanding of its broader implications for atmospheric chemistry under a changing climate.</p>","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"59 5","pages":"2554–2564 2554–2564"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Esterified Chlorine-Resistant Nanofiltration Membranes with Enhanced Removal of Disinfection Byproducts for Efficient Water Purification","authors":"Kaiming Fan,&nbsp;Ziyan Zhang,&nbsp;Yanling Liu*,&nbsp;Weihua Xu,&nbsp;Xiaoping Wang,&nbsp;Tian-Yang Zhang and Shengji Xia*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c1253910.1021/acs.est.4c12539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c12539https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c12539","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The permeance-selectivity trade-off and chlorine sensitivity of conventional polyamide membranes limit further efficiency improvement and cost reduction of nanofiltration (NF) processes for drinking water treatment. To overcome these challenges, this study proposed a reconstruction-esterification strategy for the development of advanced NF membranes. Results showed that the combination of Na₃PO₄ solution post-treatment and polyol molecule grafting generated a thinner active layer with smaller and more uniform pores. More importantly, the critical role of alkaline post-treatment in reducing the residual amine groups of polyamide layers was revealed, which enhanced the chlorine resistance of membranes jointly with the effect of surface esterification. In comparison with the surface water purification performance of several commercial NF membranes, the obtained esterified membrane showed excellent selectivity between natural organic matter and salts, along with a reasonable water permeance. Moreover, the higher and stable removal capacity of the esterified membrane for disinfection byproducts and their precursors demonstrated its application advantage in the potential chlorination-NF-coupled process. The developed chlorine-resistant membrane and initially attempted NF filtration of chlorinated water in this study can help promote process innovation and highlight more benefits of NF technology for drinking water treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"59 5","pages":"2875–2885 2875–2885"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic Micropollutants in Waterways of a Large-Scale Water Diversion Project: Insights from Nontarget Screening and \"Community\" Analysis.","authors":"Yitao Lyu, Dantong Jia, Moran Tang, Jingrun Hu, Wei Zhang, Weiling Sun, Jinren Ni","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c10123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large-scale water diversion projects are essential for meeting the needs of water-stressed regions, necessitating an evaluation of their impact on water quality and aquatic ecosystems. This study provides the first snapshots of organic micropollutants (OMPs) along the 1466 km Eastern Route of China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project. Using nontarget analysis with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry, we identified and quantified 357 OMPs from water samples collected during the water diversion period (WDP) and the nonwater diversion period (NWDP). The OMPs included 136 household compounds, 112 agricultural compounds, 102 industrial compounds, and 7 traffic markers. Significant regional variations in OMP concentrations and compositions were observed during the NWDP due to diverse local pollution sources along the route. However, such differences were reduced during the WDP, likely due to water transfer. OMP diversity varied substantially during the NWDP but was more stable with less distance decay during the WDP. Network analysis indicated closer relationships between the OMPs during the WDP, suggesting a more consistent spatial distribution. The source water overwhelmingly influenced the water quality along the diversion route. These findings underscore the need for ongoing assessments of the impact of water diversion on regional water quality and ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Enhancement of Arsenate Immobilization Induced by Vacancy Defects on Various Exposed Lattice Facets of Hematite","authors":"Juan Liu,&nbsp;Jingtao Hou*,&nbsp;Juan Xiong,&nbsp;Lu Ren,&nbsp;Mingxia Wang,&nbsp;Wenfeng Tan and Andreas Kappler,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c1134410.1021/acs.est.4c11344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c11344https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c11344","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Defects are common features in hematite that arise from deviations from the perfect mineral crystal structure. Vacancy defects have been shown to significantly enhance arsenate (As) immobilization by hematite. However, the contributions from vacancy defects on different exposed facets of hematite have not been fully quantified. In this study, hematite samples with various morphologies were pretreated with sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) to generate oxygen vacancy defects (OVDs), analyzed quantitatively using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Batch experiments revealed that the OVDs on different exposed facets showed significant variations in improving arsenate adsorption, i.e., the quantitative enhancement of arsenate adsorption amount per unit OVD concentration (Δ<i>Q</i>_m/<i>C</i>_defect) followed the sequence of (110) facet (80.05 μmol/mmol_def) &gt; (001) facet (31.85 μmol/mmol_def) &gt; (012) facet (13.14 μmol/mmol_def). The underlying mechanism by which OVDs affect arsenate adsorption across different exposed facets of hematite was studied. The results reveal that the tremendous improvement of arsenate adsorption caused by OVDs on the (110) facet compared to (001) and (012) facets was attributed to their stronger bonding strength of As to under-coordinated Fe atoms, thus significantly promoting the immobilization of arsenate. The findings of this study enhance our ability to precisely understand the migration and fate of As while also aiding in the design of highly efficient iron mineral materials for mitigating As pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"59 5","pages":"2802–2814 2802–2814"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Enhancement of Arsenate Immobilization Induced by Vacancy Defects on Various Exposed Lattice Facets of Hematite.","authors":"Juan Liu, Jingtao Hou, Juan Xiong, Lu Ren, Mingxia Wang, Wenfeng Tan, Andreas Kappler","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c11344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c11344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Defects are common features in hematite that arise from deviations from the perfect mineral crystal structure. Vacancy defects have been shown to significantly enhance arsenate (As) immobilization by hematite. However, the contributions from vacancy defects on different exposed facets of hematite have not been fully quantified. In this study, hematite samples with various morphologies were pretreated with sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) to generate oxygen vacancy defects (OVDs), analyzed quantitatively using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Batch experiments revealed that the OVDs on different exposed facets showed significant variations in improving arsenate adsorption, i.e., the quantitative enhancement of arsenate adsorption amount per unit OVD concentration (Δ<i>Q</i>_m/<i>C</i>_defect) followed the sequence of (110) facet (80.05 μmol/mmol_def) > (001) facet (31.85 μmol/mmol_def) > (012) facet (13.14 μmol/mmol_def). The underlying mechanism by which OVDs affect arsenate adsorption across different exposed facets of hematite was studied. The results reveal that the tremendous improvement of arsenate adsorption caused by OVDs on the (110) facet compared to (001) and (012) facets was attributed to their stronger bonding strength of As to under-coordinated Fe atoms, thus significantly promoting the immobilization of arsenate. The findings of this study enhance our ability to precisely understand the migration and fate of As while also aiding in the design of highly efficient iron mineral materials for mitigating As pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}