环境科学与技术最新文献_第10页

The Ocean Serves as a Net Source of Atmospheric Nitric Oxide but a Net Sink of Nitrogen Dioxide. 海洋是大气一氧化氮的净来源，但却是二氧化氮的净吸收池。

IF 10.8 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c10709

Ye Tian, Jiang-Chen Gong, Chun-Ying Liu, Jing Zhang, Pei-Feng Li, Gui-Peng Yang

{"title":"The Ocean Serves as a Net Source of Atmospheric Nitric Oxide but a Net Sink of Nitrogen Dioxide.","authors":"Ye Tian, Jiang-Chen Gong, Chun-Ying Liu, Jing Zhang, Pei-Feng Li, Gui-Peng Yang","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c10709","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.est.4c10709","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen oxides (NOx), comprised of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), play a crucial role in the global nitrogen cycle, but the oceanic occurrence remained unclear. Here, we show an integrated underway observation of oceanic and atmospheric NO and NO2 from the coastal seas to the open ocean in the northwestern Pacific Ocean (NWPO). The concentrations of NO and NO2 showed similar distribution patterns that the coastal seas with rich nitrogen nutrients showed higher levels, like the Yellow Sea (7.6 and 19.9 pmol L-1) and the East China Sea (11.8 and 23.3 pmol L-1), while the oligotrophic sea and open ocean showed decreased levels, like the South China Sea (2.4 pmol L-1 and below the detection limit, LOD) and the NWPO (3.5 pmol L-1 and below the LOD). Apart from nitrogen nutrients, sea surface temperature might be another important influencing factor on the NO and NO2 distribution. In the surface water (<10 m), photoproduction was a major NO source compared to the microbial process, while in the mixed layer, the microbial process played a more critical role. The saturation values showed that the sea was a net source of atmospheric NO but was a net sink of NO2.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":" ","pages":"21662-21668"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate Policy Reduces Racial Disparities in Air Pollution from Transportation and Power Generation. 气候政策减少了交通和发电造成的空气污染中的种族差异。

IF 10.8 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c03719

Katherine H Jordan, Luke R Dennin, Peter J Adams, Paulina Jaramillo, Nicholas Z Muller

{"title":"Climate Policy Reduces Racial Disparities in Air Pollution from Transportation and Power Generation.","authors":"Katherine H Jordan, Luke R Dennin, Peter J Adams, Paulina Jaramillo, Nicholas Z Muller","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c03719","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.est.4c03719","url":null,"abstract":"Energy system optimization models facilitate analyses on a national or regional scale. However, understanding the impacts of climate policy on specific populations requires a much higher spatial resolution. Here, we link an energy system optimization model to an integrated assessment model via an emission downscaling algorithm, translating air pollution emissions from nine U.S. regions to U.S. counties. We simulate the impacts of six distinct policy scenarios, including a current policy and a 2050 net-zero target, on NOx, SO2, and PM2.5 emissions from on-road transportation and electricity generation. We compare different policies based on their ability to reduce emission exposure and exposure disparity across racial groups, allowing decision-makers to assess the air pollution impacts of various policy instruments more holistically. Modeled policies include a clean electricity standard, an on-road ICE vehicle ban, a carbon tax, and a scenario that reaches net-zero GHG emissions by 2050. While exposure and disparities decrease in all scenarios, our results reveal persistent disparities until at least 2040, particularly for Black non-Hispanic Americans. Our estimates of avoided deaths due to air pollution emphasize the importance of policy timing, showing that thousands of lives can be saved by taking action in the near-term.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":" ","pages":"21510-21522"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 10.8 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c07236

David M Schuster, Danielle P M LeBlanc, Gu Zhou, Matthew J Meier, Annette E Dodge, Paul A White, Alexandra S Long, Andrew Williams, Cheryl Hobbs, Alex Diesing, Stephanie L Smith-Roe, Jesse J Salk, Francesco Marchetti, Carole L Yauk

{"title":"Dose-Related Mutagenic and Clastogenic Effects of Benzo[b]fluoranthene in Mouse Somatic Tissues Detected by Duplex Sequencing and the Micronucleus Assay.","authors":"David M Schuster, Danielle P M LeBlanc, Gu Zhou, Matthew J Meier, Annette E Dodge, Paul A White, Alexandra S Long, Andrew Williams, Cheryl Hobbs, Alex Diesing, Stephanie L Smith-Roe, Jesse J Salk, Francesco Marchetti, Carole L Yauk","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c07236","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.est.4c07236","url":null,"abstract":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common environmental pollutants that originate from the incomplete combustion of organic materials. We investigated the clastogenicity and mutagenicity of benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF), one of 16 priority PAHs, in MutaMouse males after a 28 day oral exposure. BbF causes robust dose-dependent increases in micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood, indicative of chromosome damage. Duplex sequencing (DS), an error-corrected sequencing technology, reveals that BbF induces dose-dependent increases in mutation frequencies in bone marrow (BM) and liver. Mutagenicity is increased in intergenic relative to genic regions, suggesting a role for transcription-coupled repair of BbF-induced DNA damage. At higher doses, the maximum mutagenic response to BbF is higher in liver, which has a lower mitotic index but higher metabolic capacity than BM; however, mutagenic potency is comparable between the two tissues. BbF induces primarily C:G > A:T mutations, followed by C:G > T:A and C:G > G:C, indicating that BbF metabolites mainly target guanines and cytosines. The mutation spectrum of BbF correlates with cancer mutational signatures associated with tobacco exposure, supporting its contribution to the carcinogenicity of combustion-derived PAHs in humans. Overall, BbF's mutagenic effects are similar to benzo[a]pyrene, a well-studied mutagenic PAH. Our work showcases the utility of DS for effective mutagenicity assessment of environmental pollutants.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":" ","pages":"21450-21463"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High Viscosity and Two Phases Observed over a Range of Relative Humidities in Biomass Burning Organic Aerosol from Canadian Wildfires. 加拿大野火中生物质燃烧产生的有机气溶胶在一定相对湿度范围内观察到的高粘度和两相现象。

IF 10.8 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c09148

Nealan G A Gerrebos, Julia Zaks, Florence K A Gregson, Max Walton-Raaby, Harrison Meeres, Ieva Zigg, Wesley F Zandberg, Allan K Bertram

{"title":"High Viscosity and Two Phases Observed over a Range of Relative Humidities in Biomass Burning Organic Aerosol from Canadian Wildfires.","authors":"Nealan G A Gerrebos, Julia Zaks, Florence K A Gregson, Max Walton-Raaby, Harrison Meeres, Ieva Zigg, Wesley F Zandberg, Allan K Bertram","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c09148","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.est.4c09148","url":null,"abstract":"Biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA) is a major contributor to organic aerosol in the atmosphere. The impacts of BBOA on climate and health depend strongly upon their physicochemical properties, including viscosity and phase behavior (number and types of phases); these properties are not yet fully characterized. We collected BBOA field samples during the 2021 British Columbia wildfire season to constrain the viscosity and phase behavior at a range of relative humidities and compared them to previous studies on BBOA. Particles from all samples exhibited two-phased behavior with a polar hydrophilic phase and a nonpolar hydrophobic phase. We used the poke-flow viscosity technique to estimate the viscosity of the particles. Both phases of the BBOA had viscosities of >108 Pa s at relative humidities up to 50%. Such high viscosities correspond to mixing times within 200 nm BBOA particles of >5 h. Two phases and high viscosity have implications for how BBOA should be treated in atmospheric models.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":" ","pages":"21716-21728"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fate and Transformation of 15 Classes of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF)-Amended Soil Microcosms 水成膜泡沫（AFFF）改良土壤微生态系统中 15 类全氟化烷基和多氟化烷基物质的命运与转化

IF 9.028 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c08665

Sheng Dong, Peng-Fei Yan, Katherine E. Manz, Linda M. Abriola, Kurt D. Pennell, Natalie L. Cápiro

{"title":"Fate and Transformation of 15 Classes of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF)-Amended Soil Microcosms","authors":"Sheng Dong, Peng-Fei Yan, Katherine E. Manz, Linda M. Abriola, Kurt D. Pennell, Natalie L. Cápiro","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c08665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c08665","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental fate of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs), especially those synthesized by electrochemical fluorination (ECF) processes, remains largely unknown. This study evaluated the transformation of AFFF-derived ECF-based precursors in aerobic soil microcosms amended with a historically used AFFF formulation (3M Light WaterTM). Fifteen classes of PFAS, including AFFF components and transformation products, were identified or tentatively identified by suspect screening/nontargeted analysis (SSA/NTA) throughout a 308-day incubation. This study demonstrates that AFFF-derived ECF-based precursors serve as sources of perfluoroalkane sulfonamides (FASAs) and perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), which are commonly detected at AFFF-impacted sites. Temporal sampling provided evidence for biotransformation of multiple precursors including tri- or dimethyl ammonio propyl perfluoroalkane sulfonamides. Additionally, the environmental stability (i.e., resistance to transformation) of ECF-based precursors was found to depend upon structural characteristics, including perfluoroalkyl chain length, presence of sulfonamide or carboxamide groups, and functional groups (e.g., a branch of carboxyalkyl group) attached to the nitrogen atoms. These findings provide insights into the transformation pathways of AFFF-derived PFAS and other structurally similar ECF-based PFAS, which will support the management and remediation of PFAS contamination at legacy AFFF-impacted sites.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"234 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pyrolysis of Two Perfluoroalkanesulfonates (PFSAs) and PFSA-Laden Granular Activated Carbon (GAC): Decomposition Mechanisms and the Role of GAC. 两种全氟烷基磺酸盐 (PFSA) 和含有 PFSA 的粒状活性炭 (GAC) 的热分解：分解机制和 GAC 的作用。

IF 10.8 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c06805

Junli Wang, Kunpeng Chen, Bosen Jin, Wonsik Woo, Michael Lum, Alexa Canchola, Yiwen Zhu, Yujie Men, Jinyong Liu, Ying-Hsuan Lin

{"title":"Pyrolysis of Two Perfluoroalkanesulfonates (PFSAs) and PFSA-Laden Granular Activated Carbon (GAC): Decomposition Mechanisms and the Role of GAC.","authors":"Junli Wang, Kunpeng Chen, Bosen Jin, Wonsik Woo, Michael Lum, Alexa Canchola, Yiwen Zhu, Yujie Men, Jinyong Liu, Ying-Hsuan Lin","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c06805","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.est.4c06805","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal treatment of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) presents a promising opportunity to halt the PFAS cycle. However, how co-occurring materials such as granular activated carbon (GAC) influence thermal decomposition products of PFASs, and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We studied the pyrolysis of two potassium salts of perfluoroalkanesulfonates (PFSAs, CnF2n+1SO3K), perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS-K), and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS-K), with or without GAC. PFBS-K is more stable than PFOS-K for pure standards, but when it is adsorbed onto GAC, its thermal stabilities and decomposition behaviors are similar. Temperatures and heating rates can significantly influence the decomposition mechanisms and products for pure standards, while these effects are less pronounced when PFSAs are adsorbed onto GAC. We further studied the underlying decomposition mechanisms. Pure standards of CnF2n+1SO3K can decompose directly in their condense phase by reactions: F(CF2)nSO3K → F(CF2)n-2CF═CF2 + KFSO3 or F(CF2)nSO3K → F(CF2)n- + K+ + SO3. GAC appears to facilitate breakage of the C-S bond to release SO2 at temperatures as low as 280 °C. GAC promotes fluorine mineralization through functional reactive sites. SiO2 is particularly important for the surface-mediated mineralization of PFASs into SiF4. These findings offer valuable insights into optimizing thermal treatment strategies for PFAS-contaminated waste.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":" ","pages":"21850-21860"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Formation of Aromatic Halogenated Disinfection Byproducts in Swimming Pool Water during Chlorination: Organic Precursors and Mechanisms.

IF 10.8 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c08239

Junjie Wang, Hongyu Wu, Tao Ma, Haoran Chen, Chuze Chen, Yuting Wang, Qiming Xian, Tingting Gong

{"title":"Formation of Aromatic Halogenated Disinfection Byproducts in Swimming Pool Water during Chlorination: Organic Precursors and Mechanisms.","authors":"Junjie Wang, Hongyu Wu, Tao Ma, Haoran Chen, Chuze Chen, Yuting Wang, Qiming Xian, Tingting Gong","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c08239","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.est.4c08239","url":null,"abstract":"Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in swimming pool water are a significant public health concern. The formation of aromatic halogenated DBPs in swimming pool water has not been clarified previously. In this study, the occurrence of aromatic halogenated DBPs in swimming pool water was examined, and it was found that halohydroxybenzoic acids (HBAs) and halobenzoquinones (HBQs) were the most dominant aromatic halogenated DBPs in swimming pool water that were continuously formed. Thus, the formation of HBAs and HBQs in swimming pool water from different organic precursors, including natural organic matter (NOM), pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), during chlorination was examined. The results demonstrate that the formation of HBAs and HBQs from the PPCPs was relatively high compared with that from NOM, suggesting that the PPCPs from human inputs might be important organic precursors of aromatic halogenated DBPs in swimming pool water. The formation mechanisms of HBAs and HBQs from three typical PPCPs (benzophenone-3 (BP-3), methyl p-hydroxybenzoate (MeP) and carbamazepine) were further explored. The results show that the PPCPs containing phenolic groups with higher degradation rates (BP-3 and MeP) possessed higher formation of HBAs and HBQs. The three organic precursors underwent a series of substitution, hydrolysis, oxidation, rearrangement, and intramolecular cyclization reactions to form HBAs and HBQs, while the phenolic groups and ring structures may significantly affect the reactions. The chlorine dose, bromide/iodide concentration, and temperature significantly affected the formation of HBAs and HBQs from MeP during chlorination.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":" ","pages":"21782-21793"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142749482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Greenhouse Gas Footprints of Nations Significantly Reshaped by Sink Changes 因汇流变化而显著改变的国家温室气体足迹

IF 9.028 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c10083

Yumeng Li, Zijun Deng, Qiumeng Zhong, Xuelan Zeng, Sai Liang

{"title":"Greenhouse Gas Footprints of Nations Significantly Reshaped by Sink Changes","authors":"Yumeng Li, Zijun Deng, Qiumeng Zhong, Xuelan Zeng, Sai Liang","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c10083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10083","url":null,"abstract":"In addition to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by sources, GHG removal by sinks is essential in achieving the net zero target by 2050. Both the GHG sources and sinks are influenced by local and remote socioeconomic activities through international trade. However, the impacts of international trade on global net GHG emissions remain unknown. This study estimates net GHG emissions of nations from the consumption perspective, considering both GHG sources and sinks influenced by human activities. Results show that 26% of global net GHG emissions were embodied in international trade. GHG footprints in tropical nations would be significantly underestimated if only sources are considered and sink changes are neglected, especially in Indonesia (counting 65% of its GHG footprints) and Africa (44%). After considering sink changes, the consumption of processed foods and animal products exerted larger impacts on GHG footprints of tropical nations, which is mainly attributed to emissions from forest conversion; and the GHG leakage through international trade from tropical nations (e.g., Indonesia) to other nations (e.g., India and the United States) was more prominent. These results highlight the importance of sink changes in assessing GHG footprints. They can offer new insights into expediting the achievement of the net zero target.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Polyamines in pH Regulation in the Extracellular Calcifying Medium of Scleractinian Coral Spats

IF 9.028 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c10097

Azusa Kubota, Yoshikazu Ohno, Jun Yasumoto, Mariko Iijima, Michio Suzuki, Akira Iguchi, Kanami Mori-Yasumoto, Mina Yasumoto-Hirose, Tsuyoshi Sakata, Takaaki Suehiro, Kaho Nakamae, Nanami Mizusawa, Mitsuru Jimbo, Shugo Watabe, Ko Yasumoto

{"title":"The Role of Polyamines in pH Regulation in the Extracellular Calcifying Medium of Scleractinian Coral Spats","authors":"Azusa Kubota, Yoshikazu Ohno, Jun Yasumoto, Mariko Iijima, Michio Suzuki, Akira Iguchi, Kanami Mori-Yasumoto, Mina Yasumoto-Hirose, Tsuyoshi Sakata, Takaaki Suehiro, Kaho Nakamae, Nanami Mizusawa, Mitsuru Jimbo, Shugo Watabe, Ko Yasumoto","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c10097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10097","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to elucidate a novel mechanism for elevating the pH within the calicoblastic extracellular calcifying medium (pHECM) of corals and demonstrate the potential contribution of calcifying organisms to CO2 sequestration. Departing from traditional models that attribute the increase in pHECM primarily to H+ expulsion via Ca2+-ATPase, we emphasize the significant role of polyamines. These ubiquitous biogenic amines conveyed by calicoblastic cells through polyamine transporters demonstrate a remarkable affinity for CO2. Their ability to form stable carbamate complexes is pivotal in facilitating carbonate ion transport, which is crucial for pH regulation and skeletal structure formation. In this study, a polyamine transporter inhibitor and a polyamine biosynthesis inhibitor in conjunction with the pH-sensitive probe 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (HPTS) were employed to monitor pH variations. Furthermore, FM1–43FX dye was utilized to delineate the extracellular calcifying medium (ECM), whereas calcein was applied to visualize paracellular gaps and ECM. These methodologies provide profound insights into the intricate structural and functional dynamics of coral spats calcification. Findings suggest a potential reconsideration of established models of marine calcification and highlight the necessity to reassess the role of marine calcifying organisms in the carbon cycle, particularly their influence on CO2 fluxes.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiplexed Detection, Partitioning, and Persistence of Wild-Type and Vaccine Strains of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Viruses in Wastewater

IF 10.8 1区环境科学与生态学

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c0534410.1021/acs.est.4c05344

Jingjing Wu, Michael X. Wang, Prashant Kalvapalle, Michael Nute, Todd J. Treangen, Katherine Ensor, Loren Hopkins, Rachel Poretsky and Lauren B. Stadler*,

{"title":"Multiplexed Detection, Partitioning, and Persistence of Wild-Type and Vaccine Strains of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Viruses in Wastewater","authors":"Jingjing Wu, Michael X. Wang, Prashant Kalvapalle, Michael Nute, Todd J. Treangen, Katherine Ensor, Loren Hopkins, Rachel Poretsky and Lauren B. Stadler*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c0534410.1021/acs.est.4c05344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c05344https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c05344","url":null,"abstract":"Wastewater surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases may provide early warning of outbreaks and identify areas to target for immunization. To advance wastewater monitoring of measles, mumps, and rubella viruses, we developed and validated a multiplexed RT-ddPCR assay for the detection of their RNA. Because the measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine is an attenuated live virus vaccine, we also developed an assay that distinguishes between wild-type and vaccine strains of measles in wastewater and validated it using a wastewater sample collected from a facility with an active measles outbreak. We also evaluated the partitioning behavior of the viruses between the liquid and solid fractions of influent wastewater. We found that assaying the liquid fraction of the wastewater resulted in more sensitive detection of the viruses despite the fact that the viral RNA was enriched in the solid fraction due to the low solids content of the influent wastewater. Finally, we investigated the stability of measles, mumps, and rubella RNA in wastewater samples spiked with viruses over 28 days at two different concentrations and two temperatures (4 °C and room temperature) and through freeze–thaw and observed limited viral decay. Our study supports the feasibility of wastewater monitoring for measles, mumps, and rubella viruses for population-level surveillance.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"58 50","pages":"21930–21941 21930–21941"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142843078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0