环境科学与技术最新文献

{"title":"Unraveling Reactive Nitrogen Emissions in Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles across Evolving Standards and Cheating Tactics","authors":"Xiang Ding, Cheng Huang, Dan Dan Huang, Yong Hou, Qingyao Hu, Shengrong Lou, Meng Wang, Min Zhou, Jun Chen, Huinan Yang, Rujin Huang, Qingyan Fu, Hongli Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c09377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c09377","url":null,"abstract":"Reactive nitrogen (Nr) emissions significantly affect air quality and the nitrogen cycle in ecosystems. Heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDDVs), as major sources of these emissions, exhibit complex emission characteristics because of the combined effects of different driving conditions and aftertreatment technologies. This study first investigated the emission factors (EFs) of Nr species, including NO, NO₂, HONO, N₂O, and NH₃, from HDDVs under different emission standards (China IV/V/VI) and cheating strategies, with a particular focus on the impact of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems. Vehicles employing water injection cheating present NO, NO₂, and HONO EFs that are consistent with the China III standards, significantly undermining the effectiveness of Nr emission control. The evolution of SCR technology in China IV, V, and VI standards has generally led to substantial reductions in NO, NO₂, and HONO emissions, yet the integration of ammonia slip catalysts (ASC) systems in China VI vehicles presents new challenges. While ASCs have successfully reduced NH₃ slip to an average of 17 ± 12 mg/km, they have also caused a 6–13-fold increase in N₂O emissions compared with those of China IV and V vehicles, reaching levels of 205 ± 85 mg/km. Additionally, China VI vehicles exhibit a marked increase in the HONO/NOx ratio, which increases from 0.9% in China V to 4.6%. These increases are attributed to high-temperature oxidation of NH₃ within the ASC catalyst, leading to undesirable byproducts. The temporal dynamics of Nr emissions under real-world driving conditions further reveal that the effectiveness of aftertreatment technologies and their selectivity toward byproducts vary depending on the driving mode. This variability underscores the need for further optimization of the SCR and ASC technologies to balance the control of all the reactive nitrogen species effectively.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning-Aided Inverse Design and Discovery of Novel Polymeric Materials for Membrane Separation","authors":"Raghav Dangayach, Nohyeong Jeong, Elif Demirel, Nigmet Uzal, Victor Fung, Yongsheng Chen","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c08298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c08298","url":null,"abstract":"Polymeric membranes have been widely used for liquid and gas separation in various industrial applications over the past few decades because of their exceptional versatility and high tunability. Traditional trial-and-error methods for material synthesis are inadequate to meet the growing demands for high-performance membranes. Machine learning (ML) has demonstrated huge potential to accelerate design and discovery of membrane materials. In this review, we cover strengths and weaknesses of the traditional methods, followed by a discussion on the emergence of ML for developing advanced polymeric membranes. We describe methodologies for data collection, data preparation, the commonly used ML models, and the explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) tools implemented in membrane research. Furthermore, we explain the experimental and computational validation steps to verify the results provided by these ML models. Subsequently, we showcase successful case studies of polymeric membranes and emphasize inverse design methodology within a ML-driven structured framework. Finally, we conclude by highlighting the recent progress, challenges, and future research directions to advance ML research for next generation polymeric membranes. With this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive guideline to researchers, scientists, and engineers assisting in the implementation of ML to membrane research and to accelerate the membrane design and material discovery process.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endogenous Substances Utilization for Water Self-Purification Amplification Driven by Nonexpendable H2O2 over a Micro-Potential Difference Surface","authors":"Chao Lu, Chun Hu, Junmei Wu, Hongwei Rong, Lai Lyu","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c09385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c09385","url":null,"abstract":"Natural self-purification of water is limited by mass transfer processes between inert oxygen (O₂) and stable pollutants. This process must rely on large energy inputs and resource consumption, which have become a global challenge in the environmental field. Here, we greatly amplify this self-purification effect of natural dissolved oxygen (DO) by nonexpendable H₂O₂ triggering a DRC catalyst with a micro-potential difference surface. This low-energy strategy is mainly realized by lowering the activation energy barriers of endogenous substances and simultaneously opening the mass transfer channels over the Cu–ZnO surface. In this way, pollutant electrons and energy are efficiently utilized to activate DO. Surprisingly, the rapid degradation of the pollutants is accompanied by H₂O₂ consumption of only 2.6% at most, sometimes even reaching zero consumption, with the instantaneous absolute amount of H₂O₂ exceeding 100%. The typical endocrine disruptor BPA has been proven to be harmlessly degraded to small molecule alcohols and acids by self-purification amplification, including cleavage of stable contaminants on the catalyst surface, activation of natural DO, and enhancement of mass transfer between them.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseflow and Coupled Nitrification-Denitrification Processes Jointly Dominate Nitrate Dynamics in a Watershed Impacted by Rare Earth Mining","authors":"Wang Shu, Qiuying Zhang, Joachim Audet, Thomas Hein, Peifang Leng, Mei Hu, Zhao Li, Hefa Cheng, Gang Chen, Fadong Li, Fengchang Wu","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c05909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c05909","url":null,"abstract":"Mining activities cause severe nitrogen pollution in watersheds, yet our understanding of the transport pathways, transformation processes, and control mechanisms of nitrate (NO₃^–) in these areas is limited. Based on nearly 4-year observations of groundwater and river in China’s largest ion-adsorption rare earth mining watershed, we revealed the dynamics of NO₃^– and its drivers using stoichiometry-based load model, molecular biological, and multi-isotope approaches. Results indicated that the NO₃^– dynamics were jointly controlled by sources (precipitation, terrestrial inputs, and sediment supply) and processes (hydrological and biological). The monthly NO₃^– export load from the 444.4 km² watershed was 3.72 × 10⁵ kg. Groundwater (36 ± 26%) and soil nitrogen (25 ± 17%) were the primary exogenous sources of NO₃^–. Baseflow was the main hydrological pathway for legacy nitrogen into the river, contributing 66.8% of the NO₃^– load. Coupled nitrification-denitrification were key biological processes affecting the NO₃^– transformation, with denitrification contributing 58%. <i>Burkholderia</i> were most associated with NO₃^– transformation. Dissolved organic carbon and oxygen were major drivers affecting the NO₃^– production and consumption. This study highlights effective control and management strategies for nitrogen pollution in mining-affected watersheds, considering not only reducing nitrogen inputs but also integrating hydrological pathways and nitrogen transformation mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated CO2 Increased Antibiotic Resistomes in Seed Endophytes: Evidence from a Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) Experiment","authors":"Xin-Yuan Li, Chun-Wu Zhu, Songcan Chen, Qian Xiang, Changyi Lu, Xian-Yong Lin, Qing-Lin Chen","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c09625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c09625","url":null,"abstract":"Climate warming affects antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in soil and the plant microbiome, including seed endophytes. Seeds act as vectors for ARG dissemination in the soil–plant system, but the impact of elevated CO₂ on seed resistomes remains poorly understood. Here, a free-air CO₂ enrichment system was used to examine the impact of elevated CO₂ on seed-associated ARGs and seed endophytic bacteria and fungi. Results indicated that elevated CO₂ levels significantly increased the relative abundance of seed ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs), especially those related to beta-lactam resistance and MGEs. Increased CO₂ levels also influenced the composition of seed bacterial and fungal communities and the complexity of bacteria–fungi interactions. Fungi were more sensitive to changes in the CO₂ level than bacteria, with deterministic processes playing a greater role in fungal community assembly. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed a stronger correlation between fungi and ARGs compared to bacteria. The structure equation model (SEM) showed that elevated CO₂ directly influenced seed resistomes by altering bacterial composition and indirectly through bacteria–fungi interactions. Together, our work offers new insights into the effects of elevated CO₂ on antibiotic resistomes in the seed endosphere, highlighting their increased dissemination potential within soil–plant systems and the associated health risks in a changing environment.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Shear-Detachment Approach for Modeling Dynamics of Membrane Cleaning","authors":"Junxia Liu, Chenxi Lin, Linchun Chen, Wei Fu, Haiyan Yang, Tian Li, Huaqiang Chu, Zhihong Wang, Chuyang Y. Tang","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c05791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c05791","url":null,"abstract":"We report a novel shear-detachment (SD) approach to simulate the dynamics of flux recovery in the membrane cleaning process. In this model, the rate of foulant detachment away from the membrane is governed by both the shear intensity and the probability of successful foulant detachment, with the latter modeled by Boltzmann distribution. Our SD predictions exhibit good agreement with experimental results, accurately capturing the dynamics of flux recovery. Modeling outcomes reveal that the time required for fully restoring water flux is largely independent of the initial cake mass but significantly dependent on crossflow-flushing velocity and adhesive energy of foulant to membrane. Higher flushing velocity and/or lower adhesive energy can create a shear-limited condition where almost all shear events bring about successful foulant detachment, facilitating rapid flux recovery. Conversely, a smaller flushing velocity or greater adhesive energy can result in increasingly detachment-limited situations, where the cleaning efficiency is primarily dictated by the probability of foulant detachment. Our study offers profound insights into the importance of shear rate and detachment probability in governing foulant detachment kinetics and self-cleaning behavior, which carry significant implications for membrane preparation and process operation.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting Effects of Catecholate and Hydroxamate Siderophores on Molybdenite Dissolution","authors":"Dongyi Guo, Yizhi Sheng, Oliver Baars, Owen W. Duckworth, Ping Chen, Zihua Zhu, Xiaowen Zhang, Emmanuel Chukwuma, David M. Gooden, Jack Verbrugge, Hailiang Dong","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c11212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c11212","url":null,"abstract":"Molybdenum (Mo) is essential for many enzymes but is often sequestered within minerals, rendering it not readily bioavailable. Metallophores, metabolites secreted by microorganisms and plants, promote mineral dissolution to increase the metal bioavailability. However, interactions between metallophores and Mo-bearing minerals remain unclear. In this study, catecholate protochelin and hydroxamate desferrioxamine B (DFOB) were utilized to examine their effects on dissolution of the common Mo-bearing mineral, molybdenite (MoS₂), under both oxic and anoxic conditions. Protochelin promoted molybdenite dissolution under oxic conditions, with the formation of MoO₃ on the surface and Mo-siderophore complexes in solution. This was attributed to air-oxidation of both molybdenite and protochelin, as evidenced by lack of dissolution under anoxic conditions but enhanced dissolution by either preoxidized protochelin or preoxidized molybdenite. Liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry analyses revealed degradation of protochelin and adsorptions of its byproducts on molybdenite surface to promote dissolution. Conversely, DFOB inhibited molybdenite dissolution under both oxic and anoxic conditions, likely attributed to surface adsorption of DFOB and its weak complexation with Mo(VI) at the circumneutral pH. This work highlights the need to consider the balance between promoting and inhibitory effects of different metallophores on Mo-mineral dissolution.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergetic Effects of Soil Organic Matter Components During Interactions with Minerals","authors":"Odeta Qafoku, Amity Andersen, Qian Zhao, Sebastian T. Mergelsberg, William R. Kew, Elizabeth K. Eder, Charles T. Resch, Emily B. Graham, Nikolla P. Qafoku","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c07380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c07380","url":null,"abstract":"Mineral-associated soil organic matter (SOM) is critical for stabilizing organic carbon and mitigating climate change. However, mineral-SOM interactions at the molecular scale, particularly synergetic adsorption through organic–organic interaction on the mineral surface known as organic multilayering, remain poorly understood. This study investigates the impact of organic multilayering on mineral-SOM interactions, by integrating macroscale experiments and molecular-scale simulations that assess the individual and sequential adsorption of major SOM compounds–lauric acid (lipid), pentaglycine (amino acid), trehalose (carbohydrate), and lignin onto soil minerals. Ferrihydrite, Al-hydroxide, and calcite are exposed to SOM compounds to determine adsorption affinities and binding energies. Results show that lauric acid has 20–40 times higher <i>K</i>_d than pentaglycine, following the order <i>K</i>_d(ferrihydrite) &gt; <i>K</i>_d(Al-hydroxide) ≫ <i>K</i>_d(calcite). Molecular-scale simulations confirm that lauric acid has a higher binding energy (30.8 kcal/mol) on ferrihydrite than pentaglycine (6.0 kcal/mol), attributed to lipid hydrophobicity. The lower binding energy of pentaglycine results from its hydrophilic amide groups, facilitating partitioning into water. Sequential experiments examine how the first layer of lipid or amino acid affects the adsorption of carbohydrate/lignin, which show little or no individual adsorption affinities. Macroscale results reveal that lipid and amino acid adsorption induce ferrihydrite particle repulsion increasing reactive surface area and enhancing carbohydrate/lignin adsorption independently and synergistically through organic multilayering. Molecular-scale results reveal that amino acid adsorbed on ferrihydrite interacts more readily with lignin macroaggregates (preformed in solution) than with individual lignin units, indicating organic multilayering via H-bonding. These findings reveal the molecular mechanisms of SOM-mineral interactions, crucial for enhancing soil carbon stabilization.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence, Emission, and Transport of Tire and Road Wear Particles across Four Environmental Compartments along Ring Road Networks in Beijing","authors":"Yifan Ren, Wenhui Li, Peng Zhou, Haoran Wu, Lei Yu, Ruojin Wang, Chen Qu, Yanjun Zhao, Jiemin Liu, Chuandong Wu","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c08466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c08466","url":null,"abstract":"Tire and road wear particles (TRWPs) are an appreciable source of microplastics (MPs); however, knowledge of their large-scale occurrence and mass flux based on robust sampling and quantification is limited. Herein, the first city-wide survey of TRWPs across environmental compartments (road dust, snowbank, water, and sediment from rivers and lakes) along four ring roads (beltways) in Beijing was performed. TRWP concentrations (<i>n</i> = 74) were quantified using bonded-sulfur as a marker to reveal the city-wide spatial distributions and adopted to establish a framework estimating TRWP emission factors (EFs) and mass flux from generation to remote atmospheric, terrestrial, and aquatic transport. The TRWP concentrations were 0.46 × 10⁴–3.55 × 10⁴ μg/g (road dust), 0.65–46.18 mg/L (water), 0.28 × 10⁴–1.79 × 10⁴ μg/g (sediment), and 9.46–19.12 mg/L (snowbank) and were highly related to nearby traffic conditions. Based on total EFs (34.4–288.5 mg/vKT) and airborne EFs (6.2–17.2 mg/vKT) calculated from the preceding concentrations, the TRWP emissions in Beijing were determined as 1.28 × 10⁴ t/a. Among them, 61.3% was eventually disposed of in landfills owing to frequent road sweeping and high runoff treatment efficiency and 18.1% was stranded on the roadside; nevertheless, 11.9% escaped to freshwater systems and 5.7 and 3.0% airborne transported to remote land and ocean, respectively. This study provides new insights into the emissions and fate of TRWPs.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fire Reduces Soil Nitrate Retention While Increasing Soil Nitrogen Production and Loss Globally","authors":"Qilin Zhu, Juan Liu, Lijun Liu, Khaled A. El-Tarabily, Yves Uwiragiye, Xiaoqian Dan, Shuirong Tang, Yanzheng Wu, Tongbin Zhu, Lei Meng, Jinbo Zhang, Christoph Müller, Ahmed S. Elrys","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c06208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c06208","url":null,"abstract":"Elucidating the response of soil gross nitrogen (N) transformations to fires could improve our understanding of how fire affects N availability and loss. Yet, how internal soil gross N transformation rates respond to fires remains unexplored globally. Here, we investigate the general response of gross soil N transformations to fire and its consequences for N availability and loss. The results showed that fire increased gross N mineralization rate (GNM; +38%) and ammonium concentration (+47%) as a result of decreased soil C/N ratio but decreased microbial nitrate immobilization (<i>I</i>_NO₃; −56%), resulting in increased nitrous oxide (N₂O; +50%) and nitric oxide (+121%) emissions and N leaching (+308%). Time since fire affected soil N cycling and loss. Fire increased GNM, ammonium concentration, and N₂O emission, and decreased <i>I</i>_NO₃ only when time since fire was less than one year, while increased N leaching in the short (&lt;one year) and long (&gt;one year) terms. Thus, the consequences of fire were a short-lived increase in N availability and N₂O emissions (lasting less than one year) but with persistent risks of N loss by leaching over time. Overall, fire increased the potential risks of N loss by stimulating N production and inhibiting nitrate retention.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}