环境科学与技术Pub Date : 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5c03321
Marco Greco,Daniele Coculo,Angela Conti,Savino Agresti,Daniela Pontiggia,Hugo Mélida,Lorenzo Favaro,Vincenzo Lionetti
{"title":"Biorefining of Anaerobic Digestates for the Recovery of Biostimulants and Bioelicitors for Immune Priming and Plant Protection.","authors":"Marco Greco,Daniele Coculo,Angela Conti,Savino Agresti,Daniela Pontiggia,Hugo Mélida,Lorenzo Favaro,Vincenzo Lionetti","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c03321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c03321","url":null,"abstract":"Olive oil production is a major global agricultural industry that generates significant waste, particularly olive pomace, which poses environmental and economic challenges. Anaerobic digestion emerges as a promising solution for its valorization into biogas. However, the resulting digestate remains underutilized and its long-term environmental impact is uncertain. Traditional disposal methods are costly and inefficient, underscoring the need for more sustainable approaches. In this study, olive pomace digestate was biorefined, and its components were upcycled into soil amendments and plant immunostimulants. Metagenomic analysis revealed a diverse microbial community in the liquid fraction. A microbial-enriched protein extract (MIPE) was obtained, containing precursors of microbe- and damage-associated molecular patterns, including Flagellin, Elongation Factor Tu, and the plant phytocytokine Golven. Plant treatment with MIPE triggered a rapid immune response, characterized by oxidative burst, mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, and the upregulation of defense-related genes such as CYP81F2, FRK1, and WRKY53. MIPE-induced priming enhanced Arabidopsis and tomato resistance to Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae. Our findings highlight olive pomace digestate as a valuable growth biostimulant, with its liquid fraction also representing a promising resource of immunity bioelicitors. This refinement valorizes olive mill waste, providing a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers and pesticides and supporting sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
环境科学与技术Pub Date : 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5c09120
Yiran Chen,Hui Li,Zi Zhan,Jiao Zhang,Yuling Chen,Xinde Cao,Tian-Chyi Jim Yeh,Damià Barceló,Bradley A Weymer,Yuan Huang,Xihua Wang,Yaqiang Wei
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Modeling for Groundwater Environments across Spatial Scales.","authors":"Yiran Chen,Hui Li,Zi Zhan,Jiao Zhang,Yuling Chen,Xinde Cao,Tian-Chyi Jim Yeh,Damià Barceló,Bradley A Weymer,Yuan Huang,Xihua Wang,Yaqiang Wei","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c09120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c09120","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater is threatened by climate change and human activities, with depletion and contamination emerging as critical risks, necessitating the development of models to estimate its response to changes. Artificial intelligence (AI) is gaining increasing traction in groundwater applications on multiple scales. This review evaluates the potential of AI to model groundwater systems including flow and transport problems across various scales. AI has been leveraged to identify contamination sources and optimize remediation strategies at site scales. The substantial promise of AI in predicting groundwater levels and groundwater quality and conducting risk assessments has been evidenced from regionally to globally. AI has demonstrated potential in cross-scale modeling, with initial progress achieved in upscaling hydraulic parameters and downscaling groundwater levels and quality predictions. Quantifying uncertainties in input data, model structures, and predictive outcomes has been used to enhance model reliability. In addition, physics-consistent explainability decreases as the simulation scale expands due to the increasing challenges in describing boundary conditions and the limited applicability of governing equations. Establishing an evaluation system for multisource uncertainties, enhancing data accessibility, and integrating various post hoc techniques and physical constraints to enhance model explainability present opportunities for the applications of AI in groundwater modeling.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
环境科学与技术Pub Date : 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5c06023
Dong Wu,Marc W Van Goethem,David W Graham,Xinnian Zhang,Zhe Li,Guitao Shi
{"title":"Antarctic Environmental Resistomes Closely Associated with Human and Animal Waste Releases.","authors":"Dong Wu,Marc W Van Goethem,David W Graham,Xinnian Zhang,Zhe Li,Guitao Shi","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c06023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c06023","url":null,"abstract":"Antarctica harbors a diverse spectrum of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) across lake, soil, and seawater environments. However, linkages between resistomes in waste-impacted and pristine settings are not well understood in polar settings, especially how phage, plasmids, and microbial community assembly influence the spatial distribution of ARGs. Metagenomic sequencing of 85 Antarctic samples showed 10-fold greater ARG abundances near animal and human waste-impacted sites compared with more remote settings, including glacial, lake, soil, and offshore seawater sites (-1.9 to -0.1 log10(ARGs/cell), P < 0.01), although (except for glaciers) resistome compositions were broadly similar. Based on metagenomic data, plasmids appear to be more associated with ARGs than phages in the Antarctic samples, with Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, and Mycobacterium being primarily associated with ARG prevalence because they dominate local microbial assemblages. These primary taxa exhibit wide cross-setting prevalence and are not significantly impacted by local environmental selection (P > 0.05, SNPs-RDA). As such, human- and animal-waste-impacted locations, which have higher microbial migration rates (m = 10.8, NCM), are primary sources of ARG-containing and assembly predominant bacteria in Antarctic settings. Thus, better management of waste releases from human settlements must be central to retaining \"pristine\" Antarctic environments against the globally expanding resistomes.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
环境科学与技术Pub Date : 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5c05890
Anjitha K S,Jos T Puthur,Om Parkash Dhankher
{"title":"Plant Cell Wall Remodeling under Toxic Metal Stress: Structural Adaptation and Functional Implications.","authors":"Anjitha K S,Jos T Puthur,Om Parkash Dhankher","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c05890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c05890","url":null,"abstract":"The plant cell wall plays a crucial part in cellular stress responses and acts as the first line of defense against harmful external circumstances. Sequestration of toxic metals in the cell wall is a key tolerance mechanism that enables plants to survive in contaminated environments. Despite recent advances, integrative approaches are needed to unravel the complex mechanisms of this protective interface in response to stress. The biosynthesis of polysaccharides like hemicelluloses and pectins and the resulting increase in cell wall thickening contribute to the cell wall's potential to immobilize toxic metals. This review offers an overview of recent findings on the modulation of specific cell wall activities that significantly impact the ability of plants to cope with metal toxicity. Moreover, it delves deeper into the structure and role of the cell wall components, revealing distinct patterns of lignocellulosic modifications and examining molecular and genetic approaches for their possible practical applications in biotechnological interventions. Strategic remodeling of cell wall components can enhance stress tolerance, optimize lignocellulosic traits, and improve environmental resilience. Ultimately, this review outlines the prospects of targeted gene editing in engineering plants with toxic metal stress tolerance, shifting the perspective of the cell wall from a passive structure to a powerful biotechnological tool for addressing real-world environmental challenges.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
环境科学与技术Pub Date : 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5c03364
Alice Tagliati,Charles R E Hazlerigg,Edward R Salinas,Laurent Lagadic,Thomas G Preuss
{"title":"Assessment of Population Relevance of Endocrine-sensitive Apical Endpoints in Fish Chronic Studies Using Individual-Based Models.","authors":"Alice Tagliati,Charles R E Hazlerigg,Edward R Salinas,Laurent Lagadic,Thomas G Preuss","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c03364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c03364","url":null,"abstract":"Population models have long been thought of as a suitable approach for assessing the population relevance of chemical effects observed on individuals in laboratory studies, although they have rarely been applied in a regulatory context. We modeled potential population-level responses of individual-level adverse effects induced by endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). We imposed three effect durations (10-year, 3 months summer, or winter) for six common EDC endpoints (fecundity, fertilization rate, sex ratio: male and female skew, courtship and nesting behavior) at four magnitudes of effect (10, 20, 50 and 90% reduction) using individual-based population models for three fish species with differing life histories: stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), brown trout (Salmo trutta) and zebrafish (Danio rerio). The suitability of different assessment criteria for determining the significance of population responses was evaluated. For all endpoints tested individually, effect magnitudes of 20% did not result in any population-level responses in each of the three species, except in the stickleback, where a 20% reduction in fecundity or fertilization rate led to population declines (in these cases, effect magnitudes of 10% did not result in population-level responses). Once standardized, our \"exposure-agnostic molecule-independent\" approach will enhance our understanding of population outcomes within the regulatory hazard-based assessment of EDCs.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vertical Profile Corrections Explain Satellite-Inventory Ammonia Discrepancies and Reveal Concentrated Agricultural Sources in China.","authors":"Qiming Liu,Yilin Chen,Peng Xu,Huizhong Shen,Zelin Mai,Ruixin Zhang,Peng Guo,Zhiyu Zheng,Tiancheng Luan,Shu Tao","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c08278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c08278","url":null,"abstract":"Persistent discrepancies exist between bottom-up inventories and satellite-based ammonia (NH3) emission estimates, with satellites typically reporting values one-third higher. These discrepancies prevent accurate targeting of NH3 control policies for reducing air pollution and ecosystem nitrogen deposition. Here, we demonstrate that systematic biases in satellite vertical profile assumptions substantially explain these long-standing discrepancies. By replacing default vertical profile in satellite retrievals with spatially and temporally resolved atmospheric profiles, we reduced satellite-model discrepancies from 71 to 18%. Our hybrid inversion analysis across China reveals that baseline satellite retrievals overestimated growing season emissions by up to 44% due to systematic overestimation of near-surface NH3 concentrations, while our corrected estimates show close agreement with bottom-up inventories (7.9% difference). Critically, our analysis reveals that China's NH3 emissions are more spatially concentrated than what the a priori inventory indicates, with the top 10% of high-emitting areas contributing 54-56% of national emissions. This concentration reflects agricultural intensification patterns inadequately captured by bottom-up inventories. Independent validation confirms improved accuracy with 1-27% error reductions across all months. These findings provide essential insights for targeted emission control policies in the most concentrated agricultural regions while resolving methodological uncertainties that have long complicated NH3 management strategies.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
环境科学与技术Pub Date : 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5c09611
Jingyi Wang,Zhen Wang,Chunming Li,Shenghui Cui,Yin Liu,Quanjia Huang,Tingting Wang
{"title":"Transforming Noise Control Stations into Soundscape Resource Monitoring Networks: An Adaptive Location Recommendation.","authors":"Jingyi Wang,Zhen Wang,Chunming Li,Shenghui Cui,Yin Liu,Quanjia Huang,Tingting Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c09611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c09611","url":null,"abstract":"Strategic environmental monitoring is crucial for maintaining urban health. Despite ranking among the top environmental risks, noise and its management primarily focus on pollution control, neglecting the health- and biorelated information inherent in soundscapes. For holistic urban sound environment monitoring and strategic governance, this study investigated the complexity of urban social-ecological systems (SES) and compiled 27 variables accordingly, including two sound environment-related indicators, to characterize diverse acoustic conditions across SES. The monitoring sites are expected to provide an adequate representative capacity of these various conditions derived from SES complexity, for which we defined a multigranularity clustering coverage score metric. Concurrently, a total of four criteria─coverage score of representativeness, cost efficiency, population coverage, and noise-sensitive areas─are incorporated into the grid-based location optimization algorithm to generate recommended sites. Results from a case city demonstrate that our method can increase 39.5% of global representativeness by the 10 recommended sites, whose individual representativeness was further evaluated to determine coverage range and levels. Notably, many of the recommended sites are in urban green spaces, which tend to host richer natural soundscapes, highlighting the potential for transforming the rationale of sound environment management from noise control to soundscape resource management.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
环境科学与技术Pub Date : 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5c09769
Heng Wang,Tien-Chueh Kuo,Yufeng Jane Tseng
{"title":"DeePFAS: Deep-Learning-Enabled Rapid Annotation of PFAS: Enhancing Nontargeted Screening through Spectral Encoding and Latent Space Analysis.","authors":"Heng Wang,Tien-Chueh Kuo,Yufeng Jane Tseng","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c09769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c09769","url":null,"abstract":"Detecting PFAS is challenging due to their diverse chemical structures, lack of standards, complex sample matrices, and the need for sensitive equipment to measure trace levels. Background contamination and the sheer number of PFAS further hinder the development of a universal detection method. Liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) is the primary tool capable of analyzing PFAS in water, soil, and biological samples, and it is widely adopted in regulatory testing. However, LC-HRMS faces challenges, including contamination risk, labor-intensive preparation, low detection limits, and time-consuming data processing that requires advanced software and expertise to distinguish structurally similar compounds. To overcome these obstacles, we present DeePFAS, a deep-learning-based method for rapid annotation of PFAS. DeePFAS employs a spectral encoder integrating convolutional and transformer architectures to project raw MS2 spectra into a latent space of chemical structural features learned from a large corpus of unlabeled compounds. DeePFAS enables efficient annotation of MS2 spectra by comparing latent representations with candidate molecules, streamlining large-scale nontargeted PFAS screening, and reducing analytical complexity. Our method demonstrates the potential of AI-driven tools in environmental chemistry and is available at https://github.com/CMDM-Lab/DeePFAS.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
环境科学与技术Pub Date : 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5c09416
Lian Wang,Tianyi Yang,Xueli Guo,Ying Ma,Xin Wang,Guangzhi He,Hong He
{"title":"Combined Experimental and Density Functional Theory Study on the Mechanism of Catalytic Oxidation of Methanol over CeO2 with Various Exposed Crystal Facets.","authors":"Lian Wang,Tianyi Yang,Xueli Guo,Ying Ma,Xin Wang,Guangzhi He,Hong He","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c09416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c09416","url":null,"abstract":"Catalytic oxidation is an effective method for removing methanol emitted from industrial production and the combustion of methanol as a clean energy source. In this work, the mechanism of the catalytic oxidation of methanol on CeO2 with various morphologies (nanorods, nanoparticles, and nanocubes) and hence different exposed crystal facets was studied by various designed experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculation. It was demonstrated that the oxidation of methanol on the CeO2 surface follows the reaction pathway of CH3OH → -CH3O → HCHO → HCOOH → CO + H2O → CO2. The activation of O2 was the rate-determining step of the entire catalytic oxidation reaction. CeO2 nanorod-exposed (111) and (100) facets exhibited superior catalytic activity due to their rich oxygen vacancies and surface Oads compared with the CeO2 nanoparticle mainly exposed (111) facet and the CeO2 nanocube mainly exposed (100) facet. When considering the specific surface area, nanocubes had the highest specific activity as the (100) facet has a stronger ability for O2 activation than the (111) facet. These findings clarified the reaction pathway and rate-determining step of methanol oxidation on CeO2-based catalysts and provided valuable insights into the development of high-performance catalysts for oxygen-containing VOC oxidation.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}