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Strong Electric Field in 2D Graphene: The Integer Quantum Hall regime from a different (many-body) perspective 二维石墨烯中的强电场:不同(多体)视角下的整数量子霍尔机制
arXiv: General Physics Pub Date : 2018-01-09 DOI: 10.4236/ampc.2018.81003
G. Konstantinou, K. Moulopoulos
{"title":"Strong Electric Field in 2D Graphene: The Integer Quantum Hall regime from a different (many-body) perspective","authors":"G. Konstantinou, K. Moulopoulos","doi":"10.4236/ampc.2018.81003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ampc.2018.81003","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the emerging consequences of an applied strong in-plane electric field on a macroscopically large graphene sheet subjected to a perpendicular magnetic field, by determining in exact analytical form various many-body thermodynamic properties and the Hall coefficient. The results suggest exotic possibilities that necessitate very careful experimental investigation. In this alternate form of Quantum Hall Effect, non-linear phenomena related to the global magnetization, energy and Hall conductivity (the latter depending on the strengths of magnetic B- and electric E-fields) emerge without using perturbation methods, to all orders of E-field and B-field strengths. Interestingly enough, when the value of the electric field is sufficiently strong, fractional quantization also emerges, whose topological stability has to be verified.","PeriodicalId":369778,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: General Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131148452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exact determination of asymptotic CMB temperature-redshift relation 微波背景温度-红移渐近关系的精确测定
arXiv: General Physics Pub Date : 2017-12-21 DOI: 10.1142/S0217732318500293
S. Hahn, R. Hofmann
{"title":"Exact determination of asymptotic CMB temperature-redshift relation","authors":"S. Hahn, R. Hofmann","doi":"10.1142/S0217732318500293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217732318500293","url":null,"abstract":"Based on energy conservation in a Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) Universe, on the Legendre transformation between energy density and pressure, and on nonperturbative asymptotic freedom at high temperatures we derive the coefficient $nu_{rm CMB}$ in the high-temperature ($T$) -- redshift ($z$) relation, $T/T_0=nu_{rm CMB}(z+1)$, of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Theoretically, our calculation relies on a deconfining SU(2) rather than a U(1) photon gas. We prove that $nu_{rm CMB}=left(1/4right)^{1/3}=0.629960(5)$, representing a topological invariant. Interestingly, the relative deviation of $nu_{rm CMB}$ from the critical exponent associated with correlation length of the 3D Ising model, $nu_{rm Ising}=0.629971(4)$, is less than $2times 10^{-5}$. However, we are not yet in a position to establish a theoretical link between $nu_{rm CMB}$ and $nu_{rm Ising}$ as suggested by the topological nature of $nu_{rm CMB}$ and the fact that both theories share a universality class.","PeriodicalId":369778,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: General Physics","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126078218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
The true face of quantum decay processes: Unstable systems in rest and in motion 量子衰变过程的真实面貌:静止和运动中的不稳定系统
arXiv: General Physics Pub Date : 2017-11-12 DOI: 10.5506/APhysPolB.48.1847
K. Urbanowski
{"title":"The true face of quantum decay processes: Unstable systems in rest and in motion","authors":"K. Urbanowski","doi":"10.5506/APhysPolB.48.1847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5506/APhysPolB.48.1847","url":null,"abstract":"Since the discovery of the radioactive decay law by Rutherford and Sody the belief that the decay law has the exponential form has become common. This conviction was upheld by Wesisskopf–Wigner theory of spontaneous emission [1]. Further studies of the quantum decay process showed that basic principles of the quantum theory led to rather widespread belief that a universal feature of the quantum decay process is the presence of three time regimes of the decay process: The early time (initial), exponential (or ”canonical”), and late time having inverse–power law form [2]. The question arises, if indeed this is the true picture of quantum decay processes. From the standard, text book considerations one finds that if the decay law of the unstable particle at rest has the exponential form P0(t) = exp [−0 t ~ ], then the decay law of the moving particle looks as follows:","PeriodicalId":369778,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: General Physics","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126402753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Geometric Unification of Electromagnetism and Gravitation 电磁与万有引力的几何统一
arXiv: General Physics Pub Date : 2017-11-03 DOI: 10.20944/PREPRINTS201711.0022.V1
R. Beach
{"title":"Geometric Unification of Electromagnetism and Gravitation","authors":"R. Beach","doi":"10.20944/PREPRINTS201711.0022.V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/PREPRINTS201711.0022.V1","url":null,"abstract":"A recently proposed classical field theory comprised of four field equations that geometrically couple the Maxwell tensor to the Riemann-Christoffel curvature tensor in a fundamentally new way is reviewed and extended. The new theory's field equations show little resemblance to the field equations of classical physics, but both Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism and Einstein's equation of General Relativity augmented by a term that can mimic the properties of dark matter and dark energy are shown to be a consequence. Emphasized is the emergence of gravity and the unification brought to electromagnetic and gravitational phenomena as well as the consistency of solutions of the new theory with those of the classical Maxwell and Einstein field equations. Unique to the four field equations reviewed here and based on specific solutions to them are: the emergence of antimatter and its behavior in gravitational fields, the emergence of dark matter and dark energy mimicking terms in the context of General Relativity, an underlying relationship between electromagnetic and gravitational radiation, the impossibility of negative mass solutions that would generate repulsive gravitational fields or antigravity, and a method for quantizing the charge and mass of particle-like solutions.","PeriodicalId":369778,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: General Physics","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131622493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lorentz violation with a universal minimum speed as foundation of de Sitter relativity 作为德西特相对论基础的普遍最小速度的洛伦兹违逆
arXiv: General Physics Pub Date : 2017-10-31 DOI: 10.1142/S0218271818500116
Cláudio Nassif Cruz, Rodrigo Francisco, dos Santos, A. C. Faria
{"title":"Lorentz violation with a universal minimum speed as foundation of de Sitter relativity","authors":"Cláudio Nassif Cruz, Rodrigo Francisco, dos Santos, A. C. Faria","doi":"10.1142/S0218271818500116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218271818500116","url":null,"abstract":"We aim to investigate the theory of Lorentz violation with an invariant minimum speed so-called Symmetrical Special Relativity (SSR) from the viewpoint of its metric. Thus we should explore the nature of SSR-metric in order to understand the origin of the conformal factor that appears in the metric by deforming Minkowski metric by means of an invariant minimum speed that breaks down Lorentz symmetry. So we are able to realize that there is a similarity between SSR and a new space with variable negative curvature ($-infty<mathcal R<0$) connected to a set of infinite cosmological constants ($0<Lambda<infty$), working like an extended de Sitter (dS) relativity, so that such extended dS-relativity has curvature and cosmological \"constant\" varying in the time. We obtain a scenario that is more similar to dS-relativity given in the approximation of a slightly negative curvature for representing the current universe having a tiny cosmological constant. Finally we show that the invariant minimum speed provides the foundation for understanding the kinematics origin of the extra dimension considered in dS-relativity in order to represent the dS-length.","PeriodicalId":369778,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: General Physics","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131402077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Tachyon Dynamics - for Neutrinos? 速子动力学-中微子?
arXiv: General Physics Pub Date : 2017-10-26 DOI: 10.1142/S0217751X18500562
C. Schwartz
{"title":"Tachyon Dynamics - for Neutrinos?","authors":"C. Schwartz","doi":"10.1142/S0217751X18500562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X18500562","url":null,"abstract":"Following earlier studies that provided a consistent theory of kinematics for tachyons (faster-than-light particles) we here embark on a study of tachyon dynamics, both in classical physics and in the quantum theory. Examining a general scattering process we come to recognize that the labels given to \"in\" and \"out\" states are not Lorentz invariant for tachyons; and this lets us find a sensible interpretation of negative energy states. For statistical mechanics, as well as for scattering problems, we study what should be the proper expression for density of states for tachyons. We review the previous work on quantization of a Dirac field for tachyons and go on to expand earlier considerations of neutrinos as tachyons in the context of cosmology. We stumble into the realization that tachyon neutrinos would contribute to gravitation with the opposite sign compared to tachyon antineutrinos. This leads to the gobsmacking prediction that the Cosmic Neutrino Background, if they are indeed tachyons, might explain both phenomena of Dark Matter and Dark Energy. This theoretical study also makes contact with the anticipated results from the experiments KATRIN and PTOLEMY, which focus on beta decay and neutrino absorption by Tritium.","PeriodicalId":369778,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: General Physics","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127811297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Weakness of gravity as illusion which hides true path to unification of gravity with particle physics 引力的弱点是一种错觉，它隐藏了引力与粒子物理统一的真正途径
arXiv: General Physics Pub Date : 2017-10-14 DOI: 10.1142/S0218271817430222
A. Burinskii
{"title":"Weakness of gravity as illusion which hides true path to unification of gravity with particle physics","authors":"A. Burinskii","doi":"10.1142/S0218271817430222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218271817430222","url":null,"abstract":"Well known weakness of Gravity in particle physics is an illusion caused by underestimation of the role of spin in gravity. Relativistic rotation is inseparable from spin, which for elementary particles is extremely high and exceeds mass on 20-22 orders (in natural Planck units). Such a huge spin generates frame-dragging that distorts space much stronger than mass, and effective scale of gravitational interaction is shifted from Planck to Compton distances. We show that compatibility between gravity and quantum theory can be achieved without modifications of Einstein-Maxwell equations, by coupling to a supersymmetric Higgs model of symmetry breaking and forming a non-perturbative super-bag solution, which generates a gravity-free Compton zone necessary for consistent work of quantum theory. Super-bag is naturally upgraded to Wess-Zumino supersymmetric QED model, forming a bridge to perturbative formalism of conventional QED.","PeriodicalId":369778,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: General Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130120046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Higher derivative relativistic quantum gravity 高导数相对论量子引力
arXiv: General Physics Pub Date : 2017-10-01 DOI: 10.1142/S0217732318500281
S. A. Larin
{"title":"Higher derivative relativistic quantum gravity","authors":"S. A. Larin","doi":"10.1142/S0217732318500281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217732318500281","url":null,"abstract":"Relativistic quantum gravity with the action including terms quadratic in the curvture tensor is analyzed. We derive new expressions for the corresponding Lagrangian and the graviton propagator within dimensional regularization. We argue that the considered model is a good candidate for the fundamental quantum theory of gravitation.","PeriodicalId":369778,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: General Physics","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123865951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The Contrasting Roles of Planck's Constant in Classical and Quantum Theories 普朗克常数在经典理论和量子理论中的作用对比
arXiv: General Physics Pub Date : 2017-10-01 DOI: 10.1119/1.5021355
T. Boyer
{"title":"The Contrasting Roles of Planck's Constant in Classical and Quantum Theories","authors":"T. Boyer","doi":"10.1119/1.5021355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1119/1.5021355","url":null,"abstract":"We trace the historical appearance of Planck's constant in physics, and we note that initially the constant did not appear in connection with quanta. Furthermore, we emphasize that Planck's constant can appear in both classical and quantum theories. In both theories, Planck's constant sets the scale of atomic phenomena. However, the roles played in the foundations of the theories are sharply different. In quantum theory, Planck's constant is crucial to the structure of the theory. On the other hand, in classical electrodynamics, Planck's constant is optional, since it appears only as the scale factor for the (homogeneous) source-free contribution to the general solution of Maxwell's equations. Since classical electrodynamics can be solved while taking the homogenous source-free contribution in the solution as zero or non-zero, there are naturally two different theories of classical electrodynamics, one in which Planck's constant is taken as zero and one where it is taken as non-zero. The textbooks of classical electromagnetism present only the version in which Planck's constant is taken to vanish.","PeriodicalId":369778,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: General Physics","volume":"228 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123421877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Knot Physics on Entangled Vortex-Membranes: Classification, Dynamics and Effective Theory 纠缠涡膜的结物理:分类、动力学和有效理论
arXiv: General Physics Pub Date : 2017-09-12 DOI: 10.1142/S021797921850090X
S. Kou
{"title":"Knot Physics on Entangled Vortex-Membranes: Classification, Dynamics and Effective Theory","authors":"S. Kou","doi":"10.1142/S021797921850090X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S021797921850090X","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, knot physics on entangled vortex-membranes are studied including classification, knot dynamics and effective theory. The physics objects in this paper are entangled vortex-membranes that are called composite knot-crystals. Under projection, a composite knot-crystal is reduced into coupled zero-lattices. In the continuum limit, the effective theories of coupled zero-lattices become quantum field theories. After considering the topological interplay between knots and different types of zero-lattices, gauge interactions emerge. Based on a particular composite knot-crystal with (N=4, M=3) (we call it standard knot-crystal), the derived effective model becomes the (one-flavor) Standard model. As a result, the knot physics may provide an alternative interpretation on quantum field theory.","PeriodicalId":369778,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: General Physics","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121765637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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