Nanotheranostics最新文献

{"title":"Next-Generation Anticancer Peptides: Engineering, Nanotheranostics and Clinical Translation.","authors":"Abhishesh Kumar Mehata, Shinsuke Fukui, Yoshihiro Izumiya","doi":"10.7150/ntno.133576","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ntno.133576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anticancer peptides (ACPs) have emerged as a transformative class of next-generation therapeutics that bridge molecular precision with multifunctional tunability. Unlike many conventional small molecule chemotherapeutics, ACPs offer intrinsic selectivity toward malignant cells through preferential membrane targeting, immunomodulation, and disruption of oncogenic signalling pathways. Advances in peptide engineering, including sequence optimization, incorporation of non-natural amino acids, cyclization, stapling, PEGylation, and structure-activity relationship-guided refinement, have substantially improved their stability, potency, and pharmacokinetic performance. Parallel progress in nanotechnology has further expanded the translational potential of ACPs by enabling controlled release, cancer cell specific targeting, and multimodal theranostic integration. Lipid nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric systems, dendrimers, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, and stimuli-responsive platforms now provide multiple and combinatorial strategies to overcome biological barriers, enhance intracellular delivery, and minimize systemic toxicity. Emerging concepts such as enzyme-activated nanocarriers, ligand-directed precision delivery, and light- or pH-responsive systems are redefining and energizing the spatial and temporal control of peptide therapeutics research fields. Despite encouraging preclinical and early clinical progress, including FDA-approved peptide-based agents and peptide receptor radionuclide therapies, challenges related to stability, immunogenicity, manufacturing scalability, and regulatory harmonization remain significant. This review highlights current advances in ACP discovery, molecular engineering, and nanotheranostic integration, and outlines a roadmap for advancing peptide-based precision oncology. Collectively, next-generation ACP platforms hold promise to reshape cancer therapy by integrating targeted cytotoxicity, immune activation, and real-time imaging within a single modular framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":36934,"journal":{"name":"Nanotheranostics","volume":"10 ","pages":"115-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rapid, High-Resolution Chromatographic Method for Isolating Subpopulations of HEK293-derived Extracellular Vesicles.","authors":"Raphael Ewonde Ewonde, William F Pons, R Kenneth Marcus","doi":"10.7150/ntno.132261","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ntno.132261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>In recent years, significant advances have been made in understanding the basic underlying science of extracellular vesicles (EVs). This has opened multiple avenues for potential application, especially in areas such as biomarker discovery and drug delivery (vector) systems. Nonetheless, to achieve this, challenges such as the lack of reproducible isolation methods with high resolving power, especially for enriching subpopulations of EVs, need to be tackled. Here, we developed a hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) method utilizing cost-effective polyester fiber columns for the isolation of EVs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells were cultured in shake flasks, centrifuged and filtered to remove cells and cell debris, respectively. The clarified media was injected onto capillary-channeled polymer (C-CP) fiber columns in HIC mode using step gradients. Alternative gradients that combine both positive and negative steps (termed a switchback gradient) during EV elution were scouted to improve the separation of partially resolved peaks. The optimized method was transferred to an analytical-scale column, and peaks were collected using an integrated fraction collector. For downstream characterization, fractionated peaks were buffer exchanged using Amicon filters with a 10 kDa molecular weight cut-off.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Polyester fiber columns, operated with both positive and negative step gradients during EV elution, yield baseline separation of three EV peaks within 12 minutes. Retention times show high repeatability (<0.33% RSD) and reproducibility (<1.3% RSD) across three column batches. Characterization of each peak fraction using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and nanoflow cytometry (nFCM) revealed similar trends in the size variation. The variation in the surface markers CD9 and CD81 among the collected fractions was confirmed by nFCM in the fluorescent detection mode, while intact double-layer and cup-shaped vesicles were observed in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We demonstrated here, for the first time, a rapid chromatographic method for isolating and enriching EV subpopulations based on their chromatographic behavior which is reflective of their hydrophobicity (potentially a function of size or surface protein density) in a single unit operation. Three discrete size populations of EVs (based on NTA and nFCM sizing) were baseline separated within 12 minutes. Preliminary characterization of surface protein composition via nFCM showed significant differences among the isolated subpopulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":36934,"journal":{"name":"Nanotheranostics","volume":"10 ","pages":"93-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In Vivo</i> Bioimaging and Biodistribution of DiR-Labeled Solid SNEDDS of Black Sticky Rice Extract Using Neusilin® US2 as Solid Carrier.","authors":"Anggun Hari Kusumawati, Elfahmi Elfahmi, Afrillia Nuryanti Garmana, Rachmat Mauludin","doi":"10.7150/ntno.127165","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ntno.127165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Black Sticky Rice Extract (BSRE; <i>Oryza sativa</i> var. <i>glutinosa</i> Blanco) is rich in anthocyanins and flavonoids with well-documented antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities. Nevertheless, its clinical translation is hindered by poor aqueous solubility and limited stability under physiological conditions, resulting in low oral bioavailability. To overcome these limitations, a Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) was developed to enhance BSRE solubilization, stability, and hepatic targeting efficiency. A 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide (DiR)-labeled SNEDDS was formulated using corn oil, Tween 80, and propylene glycol, followed by solidification onto Neusilin® US2 to obtain solid SNEDDS (S-SNEDDS). Physicochemical properties, including flowability, bulk and tapped density, and residual moisture content, were <i>evaluated</i> to assess processability and stability. <i>In vivo</i> biodistribution and hepatic targeting were investigated in mice using IVIS Spectrum fluorescence imaging (700-900 nm) after oral administration of three formulations: BSRE + corn oil + DiR, blank SNEDDS + DiR, and SNEDDS-BSRE + DiR. Quantitative region-of-interest (ROI) analysis was performed using Living Image® software, and statistical differences were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. The S-SNEDDS granules exhibited excellent flow properties (angle of repose = 27°, Carr's index = 13.5%, Hausner's ratio = 1.16) and optimal residual moisture (3.20%), confirming good solid-state stability and reconstitution performance. IVIS imaging revealed formulation-dependent biodistribution profiles: BSRE + corn oil produced diffuse systemic fluorescence, blank SNEDDS + DiR showed weak and transient signals, whereas SNEDDS-BSRE + DiR demonstrated moderate but sustained hepatic fluorescence. Quantitative ROI analysis confirmed significant intergroup differences (p < 0.001). Overall, incorporation of BSRE into the SNEDDS matrix enhanced nanocarrier stability and hepatic localization, highlighting the potential of SNEDDS-BSRE as a bioimaging-guided oral nutraceutical platform for liver-targeted delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":36934,"journal":{"name":"Nanotheranostics","volume":"10 ","pages":"104-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Glucose-Responsive CeO₂@GOx Nanozyme Embedded in Chitosan/PVA Hydrogel for Accelerated Diabetic Wound Healing: from Molecular Simulations to <i>In Vivo</i> Validation.","authors":"Lidia Grace Naomi, Dino Pati Putra, Rangga Adhi Prastika, Azizah Mirza Kautsari, Dewi Sintawati Try Sutrisno, Suhailah Hayaza, Melisa Intan Barliana, Windri Handayani, Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek, Inna Syafarina","doi":"10.7150/ntno.132646","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ntno.132646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes prevalence in Indonesia reached 19.465 million patients in 2021 and is predicted to increase to 40.7 million cases by 2045, with 15-25% of diabetic patients at risk of diabetic wounds and 15-30% threatened with amputation. This study aims to determine the optimal concentration of cerium oxide nanoparticles functionalized with glucose oxidase (CeO₂@GOx) nanozymes for the treatment of diabetic wounds. CeO₂@GOx was incorporated into chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) (CS/PVA) hydrogel composites via a freeze-thawing method and systematically evaluated through physicochemical characterization, enzymatic assays, <i>in silico</i> analysis, antibacterial <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> wound healing studies. Molecular dynamics simulations (200 ns) were employed to investigate the dynamic stability of the flavin adenine dinucleotide cofactor within the GOx active site (FAD@GOx), particularly its structural persistence in the presence of Ce atom, CS, and PVA. Complementary density functional theory (DFT) calculations were independently performed on Ce₄O₈ clusters, chitosan, and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to examine their electronic properties and noncovalent interaction characteristics. UV-Vis analysis revealed increased absorbance at 298 nm with increasing CeO₂@GOx concentrations, while functional group analysis confirmed the presence of hydroxyl, amine, carbonyl, and cerium-related features. The hydrogel exhibited a uniform particle size distribution (PDI = 0.1703) and a degradation rate of 90.334%. Among the tested formulations, the CeO₂@GOx 4:1 (^w/_w) hydrogel exhibited the highest TMB oxidation rate and catalase-like activity and demonstrated optimal diabetic wound-healing performance <i>in vivo</i> within 7 days.</p>","PeriodicalId":36934,"journal":{"name":"Nanotheranostics","volume":"10 ","pages":"75-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of Factor VIII Gene Variants in Hemophilia A: A Genotype-Haplotype Study from Eastern and Northern-Central India.","authors":"Chanda Hemaliya, Arun Kumar Singh, Anju Bharti, Akhtar Ali, Lalit Prashant Meena","doi":"10.7150/ntno.119985","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ntno.119985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Hemophilia A is an X-linked recessive bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency or dysfunction of factor VIII (FVIII), affecting approximately 1 in 5,000 males globally, including those in northern India. Accurate carrier detection is vital for genetic counseling and early diagnosis. This study aimed to assess the allele frequencies of three key intronic polymorphisms-IVS7-SNP (G/A), rs4898352 (T/A) in intron 18 (Bcl-I), and rs4074307 (C/T) in intron 19 (Hind-III)-in Indian children with Hemophilia A and evaluate their utility in carrier detection and linkage analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 205 unrelated male children with Hemophilia A, representing 195 families from Eastern and Northern-Central India were included. Diagnosis was confirmed via FVIII assay. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes. Genotyping of the three selected intronic polymorphisms in the F8 gene was carried out using ARMS-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The positive allele frequencies observed for IVS7-SNP, Bcl-I, and Hind-III were 0.10, 0.53, and 0.36, respectively. The negative allele of IVS7-SNP was found to be more prevalent among affected siblings. Family histories frequently revealed multiple affected individuals and hemophilia-related deaths, emphasizing the hereditary burden of the disorder in these regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The distribution of the studied polymorphisms is consistent with global heterozygosity patterns and underscores their potential role in carrier screening and linkage analysis. These findings provide a feasible genetic tool for early diagnosis and counseling in Hemophilia A, particularly in low-resource settings where direct mutation analysis is limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":36934,"journal":{"name":"Nanotheranostics","volume":"10 ","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of Kidney Inflammation Using Nanobubble-mediated Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound.","authors":"Niloufar Rostam Shirazi, Xiaolin He, Dana Dranka, Omar Falou, Eno Hysi, Agata A Exner, Darren Yuen, Michael C Kolios","doi":"10.7150/ntno.126443","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ntno.126443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kidney inflammation is a central driver of acute kidney injury (AKI) and its progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). While several imaging and biomarker-based approaches are under development, clinically validated non-invasive methods to directly quantify renal inflammation remain limited. This study introduces a novel approach using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with Cy5-labeled nanobubbles (NBs) to address this critical knowledge gap. Using a murine ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) model, CEUS imaging enabled real-time visualization of inflammation-induced changes in kidney perfusion and vascular integrity. Parametric analyses of non-linear imaging revealed delayed time-to-peak (TTP) and increased area under the falling curve (AUfC) in IRI kidneys, suggesting impaired microvascular perfusion and NB retention. Decorrelation time (DT) mapping further identified prolonged NB retention in the IRI group, indicating increased capillary permeability and NB extravasation. These findings correlated with histological and immunofluorescent analyses, which confirmed the presence of tubular injury, extravascular Cy5 signal localization, and increased neutrophil infiltration in inflamed kidney tissues. This study is the first to establish CEUS with NBs as a non-invasive, quantitative method for measuring kidney inflammation. With strong correlations between imaging metrics and histologic injury scores, this technology provides an accessible and non-invasive tool for monitoring renal inflammation and reducing reliance on invasive renal biopsies.</p>","PeriodicalId":36934,"journal":{"name":"Nanotheranostics","volume":"10 ","pages":"38-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12923311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liposomal J-Aggregates of Indocyanine Green as a Multifunctional Contrast Agent for Photoacoustic Imaging and Photothermal Therapy.","authors":"Noah Stern, Binita Shrestha, Susan Burrell, James Tunnell, Tyrone Porter","doi":"10.7150/ntno.123184","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ntno.123184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the major barriers to further clinical adoption of photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and photothermal therapy (PTT) is a lack of versatile and multi-faceted contrast agents. While indocyanine green (IcG) has gained considerable attention as a promising contrast agent, it is severely limited by rapid clearance time, low photostability, and a peak absorbance wavelength that coincides with hemoglobin. Herein, Liposomal J-aggregates of Indocyanine green (LJA) are presented as a superior alternative to generic IcG. They are a facilely produced, biodegradable nanoparticle offering advantageous physiochemical properties. J-aggregation results in a redshifted peak absorbance of increased magnitude and higher photostability compared to IcG. Liposome encapsulation increases circulation time leading to improved tumor uptake. Monte Carlo modeling of light interaction with tissue suggests that these improved optical properties make LJA a better contrast agent for PTT not only at longer wavelengths like 852nm and 890nm, but also at the commonly available and widely used 808nm. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> testing support first approximations from modelling as LJA provide significantly higher photoacoustic signal, show increased tumor uptake, reach significantly higher temperatures under photothermal irradiation, and have the capacity to reduce tumor growth following therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":36934,"journal":{"name":"Nanotheranostics","volume":"10 ","pages":"24-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12923309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioelectronics for <i>In Situ</i> Monitoring of Tumor Microenvironment Markers.","authors":"Kuldeep Mahato, Girijesh Kumar Patel","doi":"10.7150/ntno.126464","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ntno.126464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a dynamic and heterogeneous niche that critically shapes cancer progression, immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance. Characterized by gradients in oxygen tension, pH, and metabolic activity, the TME offers a rich yet underexploited source of real-time biomarkers related to cancer. While conventional imaging techniques often lack the temporal resolution and molecular specificity to capture these rapid physiological changes, emerging miniaturized bioelectronics and multiplexed systems carry promise for <i>in situ</i> monitoring of such TME markers with high sensitivity and spatial precision. This article explores such recent advances in this direction, including bioelectronic sensor design, flexible electrochemical devices, organic transistors, and nanostructured interfaces tailored for TME characterization. Further, a discussion of the convergence of bioelectronics with nano-contrast-based molecular imaging is presented, with prospects for developing closed-loop therapeutic systems for cancer. These technologies offer a transformative platform for precision oncology, enabling dynamic, continuous, and localized assessment of tumor biology across preclinical and clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":36934,"journal":{"name":"Nanotheranostics","volume":"10 ","pages":"54-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12923308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid method for the high purity isolation of bovine milk-derived extracellular vesicles via polyester (PET) capillary-channeled polymer (C-CP) fiber columns.","authors":"Carolina Mata, R Kenneth Marcus","doi":"10.7150/ntno.129284","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ntno.129284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of raw bovine milk as a source of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has gained in interest for therapeutic applications due to its low cost, accessibility, low immunogenicity, and potential for oral delivery. To address the need to achieve higher throughput isolation of high-quality EVs, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) capture/elution program is performed on microbore, capillary-channeled polymer (C-CP) fiber columns. <b>Methods:</b> Bovine milk is first skimmed to reduce the fat-laden matrix, followed by treatment using acetic acid (Ac) to precipitate casein micelles before isolation of milk-derived EVs (MDEVs) via HPLC using an HIC process modality with PET C-CP fiber columns. The treated milk is introduced to the column under EV binding conditions, where an ionic solvent with a small amount of organic modifier causes salts, small molecules, and proteinaceous species to pass through unretained while retaining the EVs on-column. The target EVs are eluted by decreasing the ionic strength of the solvent and increasing the elution strength. <b>Results:</b> EVs isolated using PET C-CP fiber columns demonstrate the removal of >95% of matrix-related concomitant species and yield particle densities on the order of 10¹¹ particles mL^-1 in 20 min. Validation of the success of the separation is demonstrated through response curves, nanoflow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, and protein assays in accordance with MISEV guidelines. <b>Conclusions:</b> A rapid approach to the high yield isolation of high-quality MDEVs via microbore-scale PET C-CP fiber columns is presented here. Each separation yields MDEVs on the order of 4 x 10¹¹ particles mL^-1, in 20-min at a cost of <$5 per column. Paths forward to greater EV throughput and yields are currently under development.</p>","PeriodicalId":36934,"journal":{"name":"Nanotheranostics","volume":"10 ","pages":"11-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12923310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of BMP-2, OPG, RANKL And Number of Osteoblasts After Application of Bovine Amniotic Membrane and Secretome Umbilical Cord in Wistar Rats.","authors":"Ernie Maduratna Setiawatie, Lambang Bargowo, Shafira Kurnia Supandi, Vinanto Putero Negoro, Ferlina Diah Ayu Y P A, Elizabeth Luna K A, Reinaldo Agusta, Nor Adinar Baharuddin","doi":"10.7150/ntno.121118","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ntno.121118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Bovine amniotic membrane (BAM) and secretome are tissue engineering materials studied for their high healing effects. This study aims to evaluate the expression levels of BMP-2, OPG, RANKL, and osteoblast count following the administration of BAM combined with secretome in Wistar rats undergoing socket preservation procedures. <b>Method:</b> This study is a pure experimental study with a randomised post-test only control group design. Pre-test measurements were not performed because the baseline condition of bone healing cannot be assessed prior to extraction without interfering with socket healing. Randomization ensured that all groups started with equivalent baseline conditions, allowing reliable comparison of outcomes across groups. The expression of BMP-2, OPG, RANKL, and the number of osteoblasts in the dental tissues of male Wistar rats were examined post-extraction following socket preservation. The research variables consisted of control, as well as those treated with BAM, secretome, and BAM-secretome. One-Way ANOVA analysis and Tukey's Post-Hoc test were conducted to compare the expression of dependent variables between treatment groups. <b>Results:</b> One-Way ANOVA and Post-Hoc Tukey tests showed that the expression of BMP-2, OPG, RANKL, and the number of osteoblasts in the BAM-secretome group were significantly higher compared to control, BAM, and secretome (p<0.001). <b>Conclusion:</b> The combination of BAM with secretome significantly enhanced the expression of BMP-2, OPG, and osteoblast counts compared to BAM, secretome alone, and control groups with no treatment. These findings suggest that BAM-secretome holds promising potential for promoting bone regeneration. However, further phased clinical trials are essential to evaluate its safety and efficacy in socket preservation treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":36934,"journal":{"name":"Nanotheranostics","volume":"10 ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12900630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146203136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}