Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics最新文献

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence: A Review of Progress and Prospects in Medicine and Healthcare","authors":"Saurav Mishra","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Andrew NG, a leading philosopher in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) once quoted “AI is the new electricity” which has the potential to transform and drive every industry. The most important driving factor for the AI transformation will be data. Clive Humby, a data science entrepreneur was once quoted saying “data is the new oil” and data analytics being the “combustion engine” will drive the AI led innovations. The rapid rise of Artificial Intelligence technologies in the past decade, has inspired industries to invest in every opportunity for integrating AI solutions to their products. Research, development, and innovation in the field of AI are shaping various industries like automobile, manufacturing, finance, retail, supply chain management, and education among others. The healthcare industry has also been adopting the ways of AI into various workflows within the domain. With the evolution in computing and processing powers coupled with hardware modernizations, the adoption of AI looks more feasible than ever. Research and Innovations are happening in almost every field of healthcare and hospital workflows with the target of making healthcare processes more efficient & accessible, increase the overall state of healthcare, reduce physician stress levels, and increase the patient satisfaction levels. The conventional ways in which healthcare and clinical workflows have been operating are now starting to see the change with the integration of many data driven AI solutions. The digital innovations are making life easy for healthcare professionals allowing them to spend more time listening to the problems of patients and consequently increasing the patient satisfaction levels. However, there are limitations and concerns on security of Protected Health Information which have to be addressed for a seamless amalgamation of AI systems into the healthcare domain. Many papers have been published which mostly talk about one particular field/problem in the healthcare domain. No publications have covered the opportunities provided by AI technologies to the entire healthcare domain. This review paper discusses in detail about the progress AI has been able to make in the healthcare domain holistically and what the future of AI looks like. The paper also discusses about the implementation opportunities various AI technologies like Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Reinforcement Learning, Natural Language Processing, Computer Vision provide in different fields of healthcare and clinical workflows and how Artificial Intelligence systems will boost the capabilities of healthcare professionals in restoring the human touch in patient-physician encounters. A physician’s intuition and judgement will always remain better suited since each case, each health condition, and each person is unique in its own way, but AI methods can help enhance the accuracy of diagnosis, assist physicians in making improved and precise clinical decisions.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117202105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Drop Sensors Accuracy in Central Peristaltic Infusion Monitoring Displayed on PC Based Wireless (TCRT5000 Drop Sensor)","authors":"Hanna Firdaus, B. G. Irianto, Sumber, Jing Lu","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"In some hospitals the infusion is still done manually, medical staff observes fluid drip directly and then controls its rate using a mechanical resistor (clamp), this method is certainly far from the level of accuracy. Infusion pump is a medical aid that has functions to control and ensure the correct dose of infusion fluid that is given to patients under treatment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the accuracy of the TCRT5000 as a drop sensor, based on readings of the infusion pump monitoring system. This module consists of a TCRT5000 drop sensor module, comparator circuit, monostable circuit, stepper motor, L298N motor driver, and ATmega328 microcontroller. The droplets are detected by the TCRT 5000 sensor, then amplified by a comparator and monostable circuit, then the flow rate and remaining volume readings are generated by the ATmega328 microcontroller. Furthermore, this data is sent to the Personal Computer (PC) via wireless HC-11. The results of the flow rate module measurement show that the highest error value is 4% at the 30 ml/hour setting, and the lowest error value is 1% at the 60 ml/hour setting. While the results of the flow rate measurement using an Infuse Device Analyzer, the highest error value is 2,2% at the 30 ml/hour setting, and the lowest error value is 0,58% at the 100 ml/hour setting. This infusion pump monitoring is designed centrally to facilitate the nurse's task in monitoring the infusion dose accurately that is given to the patient.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132525736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Inlet Notch Variations on Turbine Speed in Pico-hydro Power Plants","authors":"Naufal Praska Zakariz, Anggara Trisna Nugraha","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Energy is an important element in the continuity of human activities. Indonesia has the potential to produce 94.3GigaWatt of electricity in the hydropower sector, but only a few can be utilized, which is only 4.2GigaWatt [1]. This study aims to utilize renewable energy that has not been utilized optimally, especially in Indonesia. This study exploits the potential of water flow from the Coban Wonoasri River, Bangun Village, Munjungan District, Trenggalek Regency which has a low head but has a fairly heavy discharge. The basin cone for making vortex flow has a canal length of 1450mm, a canal width of 231.5mm, and a canal height of 500mm with a basin cone diameter of 560mm, a basin cone height of 700mm, and a water outlet diameter of 90mm. A vortex turbine with a diameter of 270mm and a height of 210mm with a total of 8 blades, a blade curvature of 30°, and a blade tilt of 22.5° was used for research on this low head river. The inlet notch variations that will be used are angles of 0°, 17.82°, 19.30°, and 19.98°. The inlet notch with a width of 0° and a discharge of 8.81l/s cannot produce turbine rotation because the vortex flow is not formed properly. Inlet notch with a width of 17.82° and 19.30° produces an average turbine speed of 157.2 rpm and 159.2 rpm. The variation of the inlet notch with a width of 19.98° produces the best turbine speed of 162.7 rpm with a flowrate of 7.72l/s.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121396331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating of a Super Bright LED As a Spectrophotometer Light Source at The Clinical Laboratory","authors":"Rangga Santoso, D. Titisari, Prastawa Atp, Her Gumiwang Ariswati, L. Lamidi","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Spectrophotometers generally use a halogen lamp as a light source that passes through a filter (wavelength) according to the material to be analyzed. This study aims to analyze the ability of the LED as a light source on a spectrophotometer. In this study, the authors have determined blood sugar parameters as the test material. So that the determination of the wavelength of the LED as a light source must be adjusted to the specifications of the wavelength in the reagent manual procedure used. In the BAV Greiner Glucose Reagent procedure, the allowable wavelength is between 500 - 570 nm with a cuvette thickness of 1 cm. Measured against the reagent blank by the endpoint method. From this reference, the author uses an LED light source with a wavelength of 530 nm, Epistar brand green. The module in this study consisted of a 530 nm LED lamp as a light source, then a lens was added to focus the light beam from the 530 nm LED. The author also adds a Slit / Aperture or it can be called a small hole so that the light passing through is focused at one point of the circle and is passed to the cuvette. The results of the absorption of light will be received by the light sensor (photoresistor) and the data is processed by Arduino and the results are displayed on the display. From the results of this study, the value ranges error from 1% to 3% when a comparative test is carried out with the Analyticon type Biolyzer100 spectrophotometer with 6 different samples and is repeated 5 times each. From these data, it is found that the LED with a wavelength of 530 nm is effective as a light source for checking blood sugar.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134439936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prototype of Smart Agriculture System Using Internet of Thing Based on Blynk Application Platform","authors":"B. Mohapatra, Rohan Vilas Jadhav, Ketan Sunil Kharat","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The research presents the use of the concept of Internet of Things in monitoring the crops and using it in other agricultural purposes. The field of agriculture has always demanded high standards of resources, professionalism and effort. Today majority of the world depends on agriculture for food consumption, economic growth, trade and employment. It also comes with various set of challenges   for the agriculturists. Various agriculturists, famers, and scientists across the globe believe in formulating different plans and ideas to deal with these challenges. Smart farming system which is based on fastest growing Internet of Things (IOT) technology which will be cheaper and more productivity and cost effective. In this research we are focusing of handling various information about the crops under consideration and undertake required commands of the user, for a better management of the crops and the resources. Hence providing the agriculturists across various domains a robust and useful capability. Also promoting research and further exploration in the field of use of electronics and internet technology in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114925972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of an Electromyograph Equipped with Digital Neck Angle Elevation Gauge","authors":"Ahmad Kamil Solihin, Endro Yulianto, Her Gumiwang Ariswati, K. K. M. Rahman","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v3i3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v3i3.4","url":null,"abstract":"The development of technology also affects human health, including body posture due to poor human position when using gadgets, both smartphones, and laptops. This study is design a tool that can measure the elevation of a person's neck angle equipped with electromyography, to help health workers, medical rehabilitation doctors to diagnose and provide treatment to patients with a bent head posture or forward head posture. In this research, an electromyography module is designed which consists of a series of instruments, a pre-amplifier circuit, a high pass filter, a low pass filter, and a dc offset regulator to be converted to digital so that it can be displayed on a laptop. In this study, the tapped muscle was the upper trapezius muscle using disposable electrodes. Meanwhile, to measure the angular elevation, the MPU 6050 sensor is used to measure the movement of the head forward. The frequency of the electromyography signal is 20-500 Hz. For software or display readings from this tool is Delphy. Meanwhile, the microcontroller used for ADC communication is Arduino Uno. From the research, it was found that the neck angle elevation gauge has a 0,597% error rate, for conditioning conducted on respondents, all respondents experienced a decrease in amplitude on the same frequency spectrum in the last ten minutes. Meanwhile, a drastic decrease occurred at the neck angle of 60°. Thus, it can be concluded that the forward position of the head affects the frequency spectrum of the neck muscles.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131051093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malaria Parasite Detection using Efficient Neural Ensembles","authors":"Saurav Mishra","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v3.i3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v3.i3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Caused by the bite of the Anopheles mosquito infected with the parasite of genus Plasmodium, malaria has remained a major burden towards healthcare for years with an approximate 400,000 deaths reported globally every year. The traditional diagnosis process for malaria involves an examination of the blood smear slide under the microscope. This process is not only time consuming but also requires pathologists to be highly skilled in their work. Timely diagnosis and availability of robust diagnostic facilities and skilled laboratory technicians are very much vital to reduce the mortality rate. This study aims to build a robust system by applying deep learning techniques such as transfer learning and snapshot ensembling to automate the detection of the parasite in the thin blood smear images. All the models were evaluated against the following metrics - F1 score, Accuracy, Precision, Recall, Mathews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristics (AUC-ROC) and the Area under the Precision Recall curve (AUC-PR). The snapshot ensembling model created by combining the snapshots of the EfficientNet-B0 pre-trained model outperformed every other model achieving a f1 score - 99.37%, precision - 99.52% and recall - 99.23%. The results show the potential of  model ensembles which combine the predictive power of multiple weal models to create a single efficient model that is better equipped to handle the real world data. The GradCAM experiment displayed the gradient activation maps of the last convolution layer to visually explicate where and what a model sees in an image to classify them into a particular class. The models in this study correctly activate the stained parasitic region of interest in the thin blood smear images. Such visuals make the model more transparent, explainable, and trustworthy which are very much essential for deploying AI based models in the healthcare network.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"995 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116233711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FinFET Towards Nano-Transistor: A Review","authors":"Y. Naif","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v3i3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v3i3.5","url":null,"abstract":"This paper review the FinFET structure as a future transistor for analog and digital electronic circuits, and present its electrical characteristics depending on the important parameters for evaluating the MOSFETs structures like DIBL and Ion/Ioff.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125177958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Smart System to Ease Occurrence of Bedsores","authors":"Benjamin Kommey","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v3i3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v3i3.6","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of bedsores in Ghanaian hospitals, elderly homes or care homes is especially high among patients or people who are incapacitated and cannot move or turn on their own, and who happen to remain in a particular posture for a very long time. Patients in coma, those operated on and for that matter in critical state, and patients confined to wheelchairs are primary examples. Constant pressure on some parts of the body leads to the occurrence of pressure sores or ulcers. This paper seeks to implement a Bedsore Easing System (BeSoSys) that integrate several embedded hardware components, a database and software to reduce the occurrence of bedsores. These embedded hardware components include the Bed Device Unit (BDU), the Pocket Device Unit (PDU), a pressure or weight sensor, a temperature sensor, and an inflation-deflation device. The BDU is fitted into the bed of the patient or on the surface of skin contact of the patient. The PDU is assigned to nurses or caretakers to serve as an alarm system for patient repositioning depending on situation. All activities in the Bedsore Easing System are logged into a database for future references. A bedridden patient exerts constant pressure on the bony protrusions of the body, and this causes bedsores. It was found out during the research that in Ghana, the nurses or caretakers used to turn and massage patients at some random time intervals as a way of preventing bedsores. This traditional way of turning and massaging patients is not only tedious but also ineffective. This paper seeks to provide easy, better, and effective solution to ease bedsores. The BeSoSys intends to prevent the occurrence of bedsores hence the alleviation of bedsore complications","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126286509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Two Channels Wireless Electrocardiograph System Using Bluetooth Communication","authors":"Rahma Diah Zuhroini, D. Titisari, Torib Hamzah, T. K. Kho","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v3i3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v3i3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Health problems with cardiovascular system disorders are still ranked high, according to data from the WHO reported that there are about 31% of causes of death globally are cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to develop a 12 lead electrocardiograph with 2 displays and the HC-05 as a real-time transmitter of heart signal data. The electrocardiogram signal is obtained from the wiretapping by attaching the electrode cable to the Lead I, Lead II, Lead III, aVR, aVL, and aVF leads, then processed on IC AD620, HPF and LPF filters and non-inverting amplifiers and then processed using Arduino UNO for further display. in the form of a signal on the Delphi 7 application. The research method is to measure the heart signal on the ECG Simulator, by testing several BPMs, namely 30, 60, 120 and 240 on each lead. After testing the signal equation at the 0.5mV setting by calculating the error rate, the highest error value is obtained in lead I, lead aVL and aVF of 7.14% and the smallest error is 3.57% error in lead III. Then at the 1mV setting by calculating the error rate, the highest error value in lead aVL is 7.14% and the smallest error is 2.36%. at the 2mV setting by calculating the error rate, the highest error value is obtained in leads aVL and aVF of 5.71% and the smallest error is obtained by an error of 2.1% in lead II. the results of this study are implemented so that in the future an ECG examination can be carried out and then monitored remotely like a doctor's room because the data communication uses bluetooth.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123930064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}