Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics最新文献

{"title":"A Comparative Study for Time-to-Event Analysis and Survival Prediction for Heart Failure Condition using Machine Learning Techniques","authors":"Saurav Mishra","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i3.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i3.225","url":null,"abstract":"Heart Failure, an ailment in which the heart isn’t functioning as effectively as it should, causing in an insufficient cardiac output. The effectual functioning of the human body is dependent on how well the heart is able to pump oxygenated, and nutrient rich blood to the tissues and cells. Heart failure falls into the category of cardiovascular diseases - the disorders of the heart and blood vessels. One of the leading causes of global deaths resulting in an estimated 17.9 million deaths globally every year. The condition of heart failure results out of structural changes to the cardiac muscles majorly in the left ventricle. The weakened muscles cause the ventricle to lose its ability to contract completely. Since the left ventricle generates the required pressure for blood circulation, any kind of a failure condition results in the reduction of cardiac power output. This study aims to conduct a thorough survival analysis and survival prediction on the data of 299 patients classified into the class III/IV of heart failure and diagnosed with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Survival analysis involves the study of the effect of a mediation assessed by measuring the number of subjects survived after that mediation over a period of time. The time starting from a distinct point to the occurrence of a certain event, for example death is known as survival time and the corresponding analysis is known as survival analysis. The analysis was performed using the methods of Kaplan-Meier (KM) estimates and Cox Potential Hazard regression. KM plots showed the survival estimates as a function of each clinical feature and how each feature at various levels affect survival over the period of time. Cox regression modelled the hazard of death event around the clinical features used for the study. As a result of the analysis, ejection fraction, serum creatinine, time and age were identified as highly significant and major risk factors in the advanced stages of heart failure. Age and rise in level of serum creatinine have a deleterious effect on the survival chances. Ejection Fraction has a beneficial effect on survival and with a unit increase in the in the EF level the probability of death event decreases by ~5.2%. Higher rate of mortality is observed during the initial days post diagnosis and the hazard gradually decreases if patients have lived for a certain number of days. Hypertension and anemic condition also seem to be high risk factors. Machine learning classification models for survival prediction were built using the most significant variables found from survival analysis. SVM, decision tree, random forest, XGBoost, and LightGBM algorithm were implemented, and all the models seem to perform well enough. However, the availability of more data will make the models more stable and robust. Smart solutions, like this can reduce the risk of heart failure condition by providing accurate prognosis, survival projections, and risk predictions. Technology and d","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114528520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Fetal Simulator for Fetal Doppler Testing","authors":"Arum Triwerdani, Syaifudin Syaifudin, B. Utomo, Abdul Basit","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.5","url":null,"abstract":"The continuous use of fetal Doppler allows for discrepancies in values ​​that lead to misdiagnoses in patients. This study aims to determine the effect of sound source distance on the fetal simulator with the measurement point. The contribution of this research is that the mechanical fetal heart system has 4 distances so that later it can be analyzed whether there is an influence of the location of the sound source on the accuracy of measurements using a fetal simulator. To get the desired distance, a solenoid is used which ends with a pipe of 2 cm, 5 cm, 10 cm, and 50 cm respectively. The solenoid used in the fetal simulator functions as a producer of the fetal heart. There is a rotary switch that functions for solenoid selection, namely 2 cm, 5 cm, 10 cm and 50 cm solenoids. Data collection was carried out on each solenoid and by placing the Doppler probe perpendicular and tilted. On the solenoid with a distance of 50 cm all measurement results exceed the allowable tolerance limit. The results showed that the BPM value of the two Doppler brands did not have a significant difference in value. When measuring fetal Doppler, the largest error value was 2.67%. The results of this study can be used as a reference when conducting an examination","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128948247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of AI Techniques on Photonic Crystal Sensing for the Detection of Tumor","authors":"Sunil Sharma, L. Tharani","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Tumors can cause severe problem to human beings. Sometime it can be a cause of death. Earlier there were lack of treatment and technological deficiency, due to which it was unable to detect tumor cells and even unable to offer proper treatment for these diseases.   This study aims to use Photonic crystal (PhC) due to their ample choice of structures and litheness to endure with every sphere of influence has been utilized them twenty decade back to now a day and have extremely huge prospects in imminent future also. They have revealed their incidence in the field of imaging, sensing, fabricating industries, automation, medical, mechatronics, computronics, mechanochromic, underwater acoustic detection, pharma industries and nanoimprinting etc. If we are discussing about current and impending applications of PhC then it comprises smart sensing and detection of disunite diseases, anonymous viruses and a range of tumors. Artificial intelligence (AI) is also playing incredibly essential role in analyzing and creating entities equivalent to the change in human behavior. AI tools and techniques are utilizing to create intelligent entities through which it is accomplishing countless feats. The PhC along with the artificial intelligence are utilizing as Optical Neural Network (ONN), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Cellular Computing, Plasma Technology, Parallel Processing, Image Processing etc. Here in this study designated photonic crystal has been used for the detection of infected cell in human body. Sometimes these infected cells are unable to trace by normal pathological investigations and slowly they take a shape of Tumors. But thanks to Photonics crystal sensors that they have made it true not only for detection but we can say for early detection of such tumors in human body. These early detection and proper investigation is possible only because of AI impacts on photonics crystal. This study focuses on detection and observation of bio molecules for selectivity, sensitivity, reflectivity and concentration. By change in wavelength i.e. from 1.5 μm to 4 μm the refractive index (RI) of tumor cell can be measured which is observed by measuring sensitivity between 11258 nm/RIU to 32358 nm/RIU. Tumors have refractive indices varies between 1.3342 to 1.4251. It is observed that sarcoma level is directly proportional to the RI of tumor. Various AI algorithms like support vector machine (SVM) obtained accuracy as 96%, K- nearest neighbor (KNN) shows as 70%, logistic regression (LR) shows as 88%, random forest (RF) show it as 90%, fuzzy logic (FL) and artificial neural network (ANN) observed accuracy as 93% and 95% respectively.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130395040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Air Pressure Control Between Discrete and PID Control Applied in the Calibration Process in Blood Pressure Meter","authors":"Harisha Avin Nurcahyana, T. Indrato, Triana Rahmawati, W. Caesarendra","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.6","url":null,"abstract":"In performing the calibration of the sphygmomanometer, the officer needs to first reset the installation and pump the bulb slowly until it reaches the set point in accordance with the calibration settings where this does not provide convenience to the calibration officer. So the author wants to do research on making additional devices to support DPM calibration instruments that have been commercialized to speed up the pump process in Sphygmomanometer calibration. The purpose of this research is to make an Automatic Pump module with PID control to analyze the stability of the pressure achievement in accordance with the set point when using the smoothing program or not. This study used set points of 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mmHg. Data retrieval was carried out within 260 seconds at each set point at the Campus of the Department of Electrical Engineering Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya. The results of this study indicate that the tool testing using the smoothing program experienced small oscillations compared to the program without smoothing. The data obtained are at setting 50 the average overshoot is 54 and the average undershoot is 49; at setting 100 the average overshoot is 109 and the average undershoot is 99; at setting 150 the average overshoot is 156 and the average undershoot is 149; at setting 200 the average overshoot is 206 and the average undershoot is 196; at setting 250 the average overshoot is 253 and the average undershoot is 247. The importance of this device was made in order to make it easier and faster for the calibration officer to calibrate the Sphygmomanometer.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116867177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of Vital Signs Respiratory Rate Based on Non Contact Techniques Using Thermal Camera & Web Camera with Facial Recognition","authors":"Raden Duta Ikrar Abadi, Endro Yulianto, Triwiyanto Triwiyanto, Sandeep Kumar Gupta, Vugar Abdullayev","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Examination of the respiratory rate is included in the calculation of vital sign parameters used by the medical team to determine whether a person's condition is good or not. Researchers want to develop a method of checking the respiratory rate that is easy to use by the general public and can display fast and precise results. During this pandemic, we are forced to reduce direct human-to-human contact with the aim of suppressing the exchange of viruses. From this condition, the researcher wants to develop a measuring instrument to measure the respiratory frequency with the non-contact method. This method is expected to reduce direct contact between humans and still get the results of the respiratory rate value which can be used as a parameter to determine a person's condition. To get the value of the respiratory rate, researchers have an idea by monitoring changes in temperature using a thermal camera. For the respiratory rate parameter, the researcher observed the nose area by detecting changes in expiratory and inspiration temperatures and then calculating the respiratory rate. To get these results, the researcher uses a method of detecting the face area or called face recognition and then detecting the ROI point in the area of interest in the nose area. In observing the respiratory rate, the temperature value during expiration is 31.05 °C while at the time of inspiration is 30.01 °C. This temperature difference will be carried out in the process of calculating the respiration rate value by the system made by the researcher. In the results of this study, it was found that the respiration rate module can be used as a reference with a normal use range of 60-120 cm with an error value of 1% if the distance is above 100 cm, then the results of this study are that this research can be implemented on a breathing frequency measuring instrument with a non-standard method. - contact","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121506389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of a Portable Particle Counter to Analyze Particle Stability Time in a Biological Safety Cabinet (BSC)","authors":"Herlina Candra Putri, Priyambada Cahya Nugraha, Endro Yulianto, A. Bhatt","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Biological Safety Cabinet (BSC) is a laboratory work area with air ventilation that has been engineered to protect workers working with material samples, the environment and material samples from the possible danger of contamination or causing the spread of pathogenic bacteria or viruses. The purpose of this study is to analyze the stability of the time required for the BSC to reach the condition of no particles in the BSC space. This is done by making a module using the PMS7003 sensor to detect the number of particles. This study uses the Arduino Mega system for data processing and then displays it in the form of graphs and numbers. In the condition of the number of particles of 162,965, the time required for the BSC is 29 seconds, while in the condition of the number of particles of 186,408, the time required is 38 seconds. So it is known that if the number of particles in the BSC space is more and more particles in the BSC space, the longer it takes for the BSC to reach the no-particle condition. BSC that uses a single fan blower cannot achieve a stable number of particles simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124593137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of X-Ray Beams Irradiation Accuracy Using Collimation Test Tools as Well as Illumination Measurement on the Collimator to the Radiographic X-Ray Machine Conformity Test Results","authors":"M Roziq, T. Indrato, M. Ridha Mak’ruf","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.8","url":null,"abstract":"In the Suitability Test Method there is the Illumination and Collimation Test still using the manual method. This test aims to ensure that the light from the collimator lamp can be seen clearly so that the area of ​​the irradiation field can be identified when irradiating, as well as ensuring that the area of ​​the collimator lamp matches the X-ray beam so that it meets the needs and ensures that the patient does not get an excessive dose. The purpose of this research is to develop the simplest way by which the illumination measurement is carried out simultaneously at four points and the measurement data is directly stored. The contribution of this research is expected to be more testing tools and the data will be stored until the effective time of the next test. This module is designed using the HC-SR04 sensor as a distance meter and the TSL2561 sensor as a lux meter. The TSL2561 sensor allows for precise Lux calculations and can be configured for different gain/timing ranges to detect light ranging from 0.1-40,000+ Lux on the fly. This module is equipped with a display facility in the form of TFT Nextion to display measurement results. In addition, there is also data storage using an SD Card to store display measurement results. In this research, the module has been tested and compared with the suitability test value of the X-ray plane and got an error value of 2.0% with a module efficiency of 98.0% in the illumination test, and an error of 2.2% with a module efficiency of 97.8% in the collimator test. From this research, it can be concluded that the light sensor TSL2561 can be used to measure the illumination area of ​​the collimator lamp.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132328651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Irradiation Distance on Tube Voltage Measurement and X-Ray Device Time Using Scintillator","authors":"All Adin Nurhuda, M. R. Mak'ruf, T. Indrato, Sari Luthfiyah","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.7","url":null,"abstract":"The results of the output of the X-ray device are very important to know how much the correct value, whether it is in accordance with the arrangements made by radiology personnel or there is a difference even deviation of the value out of the arrangement. This conformity test activity needs a testing tool that is often used by BAPETEN personnel to find out how much the output value of KV, Time, Dose, Room leak, mA and mAs from an X-ray device unit. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of irradiation distance on tube voltage measurements and X-ray device time using Scintillators. The study used scintillator sensors to detect radiation, arduino as a programming source, bluetooth HC-05 as digital communication between hardware and PC, PC / Delphi as display. This research design is Pre-Experimental with After Only Design research type. Where the author takes data compared to standard tools then analyzes the data. The results showed the largest error at a distance of 120cm with a 90 KV setting of 43.52%. And the smallest error is at a distance of 120cm with a 50 KV setting of 0.07%.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117100801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heating and Cooling Rate Study on Water Cooling Thermal Cycler using Aluminium Block Sample","authors":"N. B. Wicaksono, Sukma Meganova Effendi","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Temperature measurement has many applications in medical devices. In recent days, body temperature become the main screening procedure to justify people infected by SARS-CoV-2. Related to pandemic situation due to SARS-Cov-2, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method become the most accurate and reliable detection method. This method employs a device named PCR machine or Thermal Cycler. In this research, we focus to build a Thermal Cycler using a low-cost material such as aluminium and using a liquid coolant as the cooling system. We use 2 types of coolant solution: mineral water and generic liquid coolant. Peltier device in thermal cycler serves as heating and cooling element. In heating rate experiments, generic liquid coolant shows a better result than using mineral water due to specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of water. In the cooling rate experiments, the water pump is activated to stream the liquid solution, the flow rate of liquid solution is influenced by viscosity of the liquid. Generic liquid coolant has approx. 4,5 times greater viscosity than water. The higher flow rate means better performance for cooling rate. Using 2 pieces of 60-Watt heaters and a 60-Watt chiller and aluminium material as block sample, our research shows a heating and cooling rate up to approx. 0,1°C/s. Compared to commercially thermal cycler, our thermal cycler has a lower wattage; this lower wattage performance has been tradeoff with lower ramping rate. Some factors are suspected become the source of contributors of lower ramping rate.","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132439617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis Of Baby Incubator Humidity Based PID with Kangaroo Mode","authors":"S. Setiawan, D. Andayani, A. Pudji, L. Soetjiatie, Alievya Brillianty Anugrah Kusuma","doi":"10.35882/jeeemi.v4i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The main factor that affects the parameters of the workings of humidity in the baby incubator is the sensor used to read the humidity in the room. The purpose of this study is to analyze the humidity sensor in the baby incubator using 2 humidity sensors (DHT11 and DHT22) in the different location. The manufacture of this device used an after-only design, with a comparison device of INCU Analyzer, DHT11, and DHT22 sensors. Based on the measurement, DHT11 produced a value of 46%, while DHT22 produced a value of 55.45% with BPFK standards of 50%-70%. Based on the results of measurements using the INCU Analyzer, the average error value for DHT11 is 16.05%, while DHT22 is 3.47%. Therefore, the results showed that the DHT22 sensor was more accurate to be used in baby incubators because the measurement results were under BPFK standards and produced a low error value. This can be further implemented in a baby incubator making to improve the health and safety of the babies","PeriodicalId":369032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125845374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}