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Modeling Forest Species Distributions in a Human-Dominated Landscape in Northeastern, USA 美国东北部人类主导景观中森林物种分布的模拟
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/jagr.2013070103
S. McCauley, J. Rogan, Jennifer A. Miller
{"title":"Modeling Forest Species Distributions in a Human-Dominated Landscape in Northeastern, USA","authors":"S. McCauley, J. Rogan, Jennifer A. Miller","doi":"10.4018/jagr.2013070103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jagr.2013070103","url":null,"abstract":"Mapping forest species distributions is notoriously difficult in human-dominated mixed temperate forest environments. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of species distribution modeling techniques for estimating the distribution of forest canopy species on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA. Binary maps of estimated presence/absence were produced for four canopy species using a classification tree approach and a generalized linear modeling approach, both including and excluding a spatial dependence term, and the results are evaluated using several assessment measures. Secondary goals of the study are to examine the influence of past land use on species distributions at the landscape scale and to consider the effect of explicitly including information on spatial dependence. Findings suggest that these techniques are broadly applicable in such human-dominated landscapes, but that complex disturbance histories introduce significant challenges.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130635677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Forest Cover Change in the Northeastern U.S.: A Spatial Assessment in the Context of an Environmental Kuznets Curve 美国东北部森林覆盖变化:环境库兹涅茨曲线背景下的空间评价
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/jagr.2013070101
G. C. Bentley, R. Cromley, D. Hanink, C. P. Heidkamp
{"title":"Forest Cover Change in the Northeastern U.S.: A Spatial Assessment in the Context of an Environmental Kuznets Curve","authors":"G. C. Bentley, R. Cromley, D. Hanink, C. P. Heidkamp","doi":"10.4018/jagr.2013070101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jagr.2013070101","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis of the association of forest cover, treated as an environmental good, and income at the county scale in the Northeastern United States was conducted for 2006. Global analysis using a spatial error regression model indicates an environmental Kuznets curve EKC type of relationship, with total forest cover, percent forest cover, and forest cover per capita is better associated with per capita income and is better specified as a polynomial rather than in linear terms. Local analysis, using geographically weighted regression, indicates that sub-regional effects are pronounced, and that conformity to an EKC varies spatially and by forest cover measure. The findings should be interpreted strictly within their context of a cross-sectional analysis and within certain statistical limitations, primarily engendered by multicollinearity of the explanatory variables in the regression models.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132371668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Exploring Spatial Patterns of Property Crime Risks in Changchun, China 长春市财产犯罪风险空间格局研究
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/jagr.2013070105
Wei Song, Daqian Liu
{"title":"Exploring Spatial Patterns of Property Crime Risks in Changchun, China","authors":"Wei Song, Daqian Liu","doi":"10.4018/jagr.2013070105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jagr.2013070105","url":null,"abstract":"Urban crime has increasingly become a major issue for Chinese cities. Using crime data collected at police precincts in 2008, the main aim of this research is to examine the spatial distribution of property crime which accounted for almost 82% of all crimes in the city of Changchun, and analyze the relationship between the spatial patterns of property crime and neighborhood characteristics. Standardized property crime rates SCR were applied to assess the relative risk of property crime across the city. Statistically significant clusters of high-risk areas or hot-spots were detected. A global ordinary least squares OLS regression model and a geographically weighted regression GWR model were calibrated to explore the risk of property crime as a function of contextual neighborhood characteristics. The analytical results show that significant local variations exist in the relationship between the risk of property crime and several neighborhood socioeconomic variables.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125857792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Utilizing Volunteered Information for Infectious Disease Surveillance 利用自愿信息进行传染病监测
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/JAGR.2013040104
Shaun A. Langley, J. Messina, S. Grady
{"title":"Utilizing Volunteered Information for Infectious Disease Surveillance","authors":"Shaun A. Langley, J. Messina, S. Grady","doi":"10.4018/JAGR.2013040104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/JAGR.2013040104","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of Web 2.0, the public is becoming increasingly interested in spatial data exploration. The potential for Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) to be adopted for passive disease surveillance and mediated through an enhanced relationship between researchers and non-scientists is of special interest to the authors. In particular, mobile devices and wireless communication permit the public to be more involved in research to a greater degree. Furthermore, the accuracy of these devices is rapidly improving, allowing the authors to address questions of uncertainty and error in data collections. Cooperation between researchers and the public integrates themes common to VGI and PGIS (Participatory Geographic Information), to bring about a new paradigm in GIScience. This paper outlines the prototype for a VGI system that incorporates the traditional role of researchers in spatial data analysis and exploration and the willingness of the public, through traditional PGIS, to be engaged in data collection for the purpose of surveillance of tsetse flies, the primary vector of African Trypanosomiasis. This system allows for two-way communication between researchers and the public for data collection, analysis, and the ultimate dissemination of results. Enhancing the role of the public to participate in these types of projects can improve both the efficacy of disease surveillance as well as stimulating greater interest in science.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128473667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Geospatial Applications in Disease Surveillance: Solutions for the Future 疾病监测中的地理空间应用:未来的解决方案
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/jagr.2013040101
A. Blatt
{"title":"Geospatial Applications in Disease Surveillance: Solutions for the Future","authors":"A. Blatt","doi":"10.4018/jagr.2013040101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jagr.2013040101","url":null,"abstract":"Given the current attention on national health care reform and the electronic exchange of health information, this article highlights the major developments in disease surveillance and identifies a number of public health opportunities for geospatial thought leaders to undertake. Issues surrounding spatial data quality and resolution, the legal and ethical issues of volunteered geographical health information, and the technical demands of formulating a synthetic and integrative disease surveillance system represent the types of research questions that only geographers can address successfully.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126071281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Using Geographic Information Systems to Analyze the Distribution and Abundance of Aedes aegypti in Africa: The Potential Role of Human Travel in Determining the Intensity of Mosquito Infestation 利用地理信息系统分析埃及伊蚊在非洲的分布和数量:人类旅行在确定蚊子侵袭强度中的潜在作用
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/jagr.2013040102
J. Behrens, C. G. Moore
{"title":"Using Geographic Information Systems to Analyze the Distribution and Abundance of Aedes aegypti in Africa: The Potential Role of Human Travel in Determining the Intensity of Mosquito Infestation","authors":"J. Behrens, C. G. Moore","doi":"10.4018/jagr.2013040102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jagr.2013040102","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing attention is being paid to the impact of global climate change on yellow fever and dengue outbreaks. While useful, these studies neglect the role that travel may play in the distribution of Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of both viruses. Even less attention has been paid to the role travel patterns play in affecting the ecology of this vector. To help refocus the debate and illustrate how geographic information systems (GIS) can assist analysis, a global study of Ae. aegypti was digitized. Subsequently, several basic and advanced analyses of the surveys located in Africa were undertaken. Publicly available road data for the continent were included, along with recently published LandScan population data. A novel method for examining correlations within the data at various distances was developed. These correlations were then substantiated using Monte Carlo simulation techniques and found to be significant at p","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115129807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Geographical Distribution and Surveillance of Tuberculosis (TB) Using Spatial Statistics 结核的地理分布和空间统计监测
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/jagr.2013040103
I. Agnihotri, PK Joshi, Neeraj Tiwari
{"title":"Geographical Distribution and Surveillance of Tuberculosis (TB) Using Spatial Statistics","authors":"I. Agnihotri, PK Joshi, Neeraj Tiwari","doi":"10.4018/jagr.2013040103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jagr.2013040103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134182991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Estimating Residential Carbon Footprints for an American City 估算一个美国城市的住宅碳足迹
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/jagr.2012100106
Matthew H. Connolly, R. Hagelman, S. Fuhrmann
{"title":"Estimating Residential Carbon Footprints for an American City","authors":"Matthew H. Connolly, R. Hagelman, S. Fuhrmann","doi":"10.4018/jagr.2012100106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jagr.2012100106","url":null,"abstract":"The proliferation of online emission calculators and the growing popularity of carbon footprint assessments recently underscores an emerging interest among Americans in understanding their personal environmental impacts, especially in relation to greenhouse gas emissions. While studies have quantified carbon footprints at a variety of geographic scales using economic data, or a combination of economic and census data, few have produced results that were immediately useful for local-scale emission reduction efforts. The authors explore the feasibility of utilizing block group level census data to estimate the residential carbon footprint of an American city. A census-based emission model was adapted from the United States Environmental Protection Agency's Individual Emission Calculator. Block group census data were used as surrogates for household energy consumption and transportation related carbon emissions. Although lacking some of the finer nuances of individual behavior assessments, this approach enables analysis of a continuous urban landscape with a relatively high degree of data resolution using Geographic Information Systems GIS and standard desktop-software. The model output, paired with choropleth and dasymetric visualizations, illustrate that census data can be successfully adapted to estimate the residential carbon footprint for Austin, Texas, and by extension, any other American city with equivalent census data coverage.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128991571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Exploring the Complexities of Community Engaged GIS 探索社区参与GIS的复杂性
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/jagr.2012100105
Falguni Mukherjee, R. Ghose
{"title":"Exploring the Complexities of Community Engaged GIS","authors":"Falguni Mukherjee, R. Ghose","doi":"10.4018/jagr.2012100105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jagr.2012100105","url":null,"abstract":"Participatory GIS projects are increasingly popular in urban governance. This paper explores the complexities of a community involved pilot project that was implemented in the town of Verona, Wisconsin and critically examines their GIS Geographic Information Systems practices and the support structures that played an important role in facilitating GIS use. The paper first traces the evolution of the project, and the role of the various actors in shaping it and then shows that relations between key institutions and actors played a crucial role in shaping the pilot project. While inherently supportive, these actors occupied a dominant power position, setting a top down tone to the project from its onset. As such, the project simultaneously enhanced and constricted the process of participation and spatial knowledge production of the community residents.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"25 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115101825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Creating Video Vignettes to Enhance Urban Design Learning 制作视频短片促进城市设计学习
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/jagr.2012100107
K. Romig
{"title":"Creating Video Vignettes to Enhance Urban Design Learning","authors":"K. Romig","doi":"10.4018/jagr.2012100107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jagr.2012100107","url":null,"abstract":"Most classroom instruction related to urban geography and design relies heavily on static photographic images that highlight form, but don't necessarily engage the idea of function. Because of the relative ease of digital video editing and the portability of high-definition digital video cameras, using instructor-collected video in the classroom is less-demanding than in the past. This paper highlights how short video vignettes can better elucidate urban concepts and explains best practices in crafting educational objectives and professional video products.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"122 24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121664557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
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