ASEAN Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"EVALUATING THE PHYSICAL VULNERABILITY OF PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDINGS AGAINST FLOODING IN METRO MANILA, PHILIPPINES","authors":"Richmark Macuha","doi":"10.11113/aej.v13.18959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v13.18959","url":null,"abstract":"Vulnerability analysis has always been an integral part of disaster risk assessment. This study aims to assess the physical vulnerability of public school buildings against flooding. It discusses the vulnerable elements or attributes, the extent of damages incurred during flood events, the damage response, and the future steps that must be taken to increase flood resiliency. The study used empirical data collection using semi-structured interviews to characterize the common types of public schools and to collate the damage responses. Quantity surveying was performed to measure the amount of damages related to different flood depths. Structural damages to public school buildings are not expected for flood heights ranging from ground level up to ten (10) m. However, damages are incurred by building finishes and fixtures. Floors, walls, and septic system are cosmetically damaged. Vulnerable components include wooden elements like doors, cabinets, blackboards and ceiling, and electrical fixtures such as wiring, lighting, outlets, switches, and fire alarm system. Comprehensive vulnerability description of public school buildings were represented as curves of flood depth vs. damage index. The damage ratio decreases as the number of floors increase. Maximum damage to one-story building is 23.6% while at 15.02% for four-story school building. This study is an attempt to promote further research of the subject matter in developing countries towards flood resiliency in the built environment.","PeriodicalId":36749,"journal":{"name":"ASEAN Engineering Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46504733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS ANALYSIS ON OVERWEIGHT SLEEP APNEA PATIENT UNDER VARIOUS BREATHING FLOW PATTERNS","authors":"Muhammad Nooramin Che Yaakob, W. M. Faizal, C. Khor","doi":"10.11113/aej.v13.18864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v13.18864","url":null,"abstract":"Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a breathing disorder that occurs during sleep. This syndrome affects numerous people, especially those with abnormal body fat composition parameters such as body mass index (BMI) of more than 25 kg/m2 (overweight & obesity). OSA ensues when the tongue and soft palate muscles in a relaxed condition move towards gravity when the patient is in a supine position; this causes narrowing and blockage on the upper airway affecting breathing. There are several treatments for OSA, including upper airway surgery. A better understanding of airflow characteristics will assist ENT surgeons in identifying the blockage area. This paper examines airflow characteristics of the upper airway for overweight sleep apnea patients. The narrow and blockage area on the respiratory tract causes turbulence formation that is evaluated using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) based on an actual parameter of the 3D model obtained by CT scan image result. Reynold’s averaged Navier-Stoke (RANS) equation and turbulent model, k-ω shear stress transport (SST), were applied. Airflow fluctuation was characterized by crucial parameters such as velocity, pressure, and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE). The result shows that the narrow cross-sectional area of the airway causes accretion of the velocity and pressure in the pharyngeal airway. The increasing airflow parameter results in high turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) that will determine the severity level of OSA patients. Investigating airflow characteristics in overweight OSA patients will help the medical practitioner validate the narrow and blockage area for the surgery.","PeriodicalId":36749,"journal":{"name":"ASEAN Engineering Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49345346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARISON OF PERFORMANCES BETWEEN SC-FDMA AND OFDMA SYSTEMS UNDER DIFFERENT SUBCARRIER MAPPING SCHEMES","authors":"S. S. Mishra, J. S. Roy","doi":"10.11113/aej.v13.18403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v13.18403","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the uplink performance of wireless network for long term evolution (LTE) single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) and orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) are used. Two major concerns of these SC-FDMA and OFDMA are high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and efficient subcarrier mapping scheme. This paper presents a performance comparison of SC-FDMA and OFDMA under different subcarrier mapping schemes which includes localized FDMA (LFDMA), distributed FDMA (DFDMA) and interleaved FDMA (IFDMA). Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) with different constellation sizes is used. The symbol error rate (SER) in SC-FDMA is minimized using appropriate mapping scheme. The PAPR is less in SC-FDMA compared to OFDMA. SC-FDMA with IFDMA shows better performance for the PAPR reduction compared to the OFDMA. Compared to OFDMA, using SC-FDMA with 8-QAM and IFDMA, PAPR is reduced by  78%, using SC-FDMA with 16-QAM and IFDMA, PAPR is reduced by  80%,  using SC-FDMA with 64-QAM and IFDMA, PAPR is reduced by  68%.","PeriodicalId":36749,"journal":{"name":"ASEAN Engineering Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46157510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPLORING HUMAN-ERROR FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO MOTORCYCLE ACCIDENTS IN HANOI CITY USING GREY RELATIONAL ANALYSIS","authors":"Nguyen Chi Trung, Vuong Xuan Can, Vu Trong Thuat","doi":"10.11113/aej.v13.18537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v13.18537","url":null,"abstract":"Along with the development of the economy and society and the speedy increasing number of personal vehicles, especially motorcycles, many cities in developing countries like Hanoi (Vietnam) are facing many transportation problems, notably traffic accidents involving motorcyclists.  Motorcycle accidents are caused by main human-error factors, and could be considered as the typical grey system with the features of complexity and imperfect information. In this study, a grey relational analysis (GRA) model of the human-error factors is presented to quickly explore the main human-error factors contributing to traffic accidents caused by motorcycles. In this model, the grey relational degree and the grey relational order of each human-error factor also are determined to rank the main contributing human-error factors. Taking the data of road traffic accidents caused by motorcycles in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam between 2015 and 2017 as experimental data, the grey relational degrees of human-error factors have been analyzed quantitatively through the GRA model. The experimental results show the first three human-error factors include wrong lane shifting, poor road observation, and speeding, respectively. The results also help to conduct effective countermeasures for controlling human errors and reducing road traffic accidents.","PeriodicalId":36749,"journal":{"name":"ASEAN Engineering Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48760016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ECONOMIC CHALLENGES AFFECTING SUSTAINABLE GREEN BUILDINGS (SGBS) IN JORDAN THROUGHOUT THE PROJECT'S LIFE CYCLE STAGES","authors":"Farah Hussain Ahram, S. A. Syed Zakaria","doi":"10.11113/aej.v13.18553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v13.18553","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to examine the major economic challenges concerning budgets and costs associated with sustainable green buildings (SGBs) in Jordan over their life cycle. This research is significant because it will add to the literature in this area and give interested parties a glimpse into the current state of economic issues facing SGBs in Jordan and affect the adoption of this building technology there. Based on a thorough review of the literature, data was gathered using a qualitative technique based on in-depth semi-structured interviews with 32 professionals of SGBs in Jordan. According to the findings of this study, the main economic challenge in the design stage is the \"High initial cost,” the main economic challenge in the construction stage is “Budget and cost of materials, working techniques, and labor,” the most significant economic challenge in the operational stage is “Long-term cost recovery,” and the main economic challenge in the maintenance stage is “Budget and cost challenges.” Despite the importance of this research in terms of adding to the current body of knowledge by examining the economic challenge of SGBs in Jordan as a developing country during the life cycle stages, the findings are based on qualitative data collected from highly experienced specialists in this sector. Therefore, a quantitative data collection using various evaluation approaches is recommended for further research.","PeriodicalId":36749,"journal":{"name":"ASEAN Engineering Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43471027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TOWARDS CURBING CYBER-BULLYING IN MALAYSIA BY AUTHOR IDENTIFICATION OF IBAN AND KADAZANDUSUN OSN TEXT USING DEEP LEARNING","authors":"Nursyahirah Tarmizi, Suhaila Saee, DayangSuryati Abang Ibrahim","doi":"10.11113/aej.v13.19171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v13.19171","url":null,"abstract":"Online Social Network (OSN) is frequently used to carry out cyber-criminal actions such as cyberbullying. As a developing country in Asia that keeps abreast of ICT advancement, Malaysia is no exception when it comes to cyberbullying. Author Identification (AI) task plays a vital role in social media forensic investigation (SMF) to unveil the genuine identity of the offender by analysing the text written in OSN by the candidate culprits. Several challenges in AI dealing with OSN text, including limited text length and informal language full of internet jargon and grammatical errors that further impact AI's performance in SMF. The traditional AI system that analyses long text documents seems inadequate to analyse short OSN text's writing style. N-gram features are proven to efficiently represent the authors' writing style for shot text. However, representing N-grams in traditional representation like Tf-IDF resulted in sparse and difficult in grasping the semantic information from text. Besides, most AI works have been done in English but receive less attention in indigenous languages. In West Malaysia, the supreme languages that transcend ethnic boundaries are Iban of Sarawak and KadazanDusun of Sabah, which both are inherently under-resourced. This paper presented a proposed workflow of AI for short OSN text using two Under-Resourced Language (U-RL), Iban and KadazanDusun tweets, to curb the cyberbullying issue in Malaysia. This paper compares Tf-Idf (sparse) and SoA embedding-based (dense) feature representations to observe which representations best represent the stylistic features of the authors’ writing. N-grams of word, character, and POS were extracted as the features. The representation models were learned by different classifiers using machine learning (Naïve Bayes, Random Forest, and SVM). The convolutional neural network (CNN), a SoA deep learning model in sentence classification, was tested against the traditional classifiers. The result was observed by combining different representation models and classifiers on three datasets (English, Iban, and KadazanDusun). The best result was achieved when CNN learned embedding-based models with a combination of all features. KadazanDusun achieved the highest accuracy with 95.76%, English with 95.02%, and Iban with 94%..","PeriodicalId":36749,"journal":{"name":"ASEAN Engineering Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42679558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PERFORMANCE OF TERNARY CEMENT MORTAR USING STEEL SLAG, FLY ASH, AND METAKAOLIN","authors":"Ola T. Kader, Eethar T. Dawood","doi":"10.11113/aej.v13.18989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v13.18989","url":null,"abstract":"Green mortar is a mortar that is environmentally friendly and that uses waste materials or by-products to reduce CO2 emissions that are produced during cement production. This study aims to produce a new type of green mortar by using ternary cement mixes with acceptable fresh and hardened properties. The materials used were metakaolin (10-20%), slag (15-30%), and fly ash (10-20%). The experimental work was divided into two steps. Firstly, metakaolin was replaced with various percentages of 10%, 15%, and 20%, and then the optimum percentage having the highest compressive strength was chosen to use in ternary mixes. Secondly, cement was replaced with a ternary mix (slag, fly ash, and metakaolin) with a replacement ratio of 40% and 50%. Properties were studied flowability, compressive strength, flexural strength, water absorption, dry density, ultra-sonic plus velocity test, The results show that using metakaolin as a partial replacement for cement decreased flowability and increased superplasticizer dosage. From the results can conclude the use of ternary mixes decreased the workability of mixes and increased the dosage of superplasticizers to 1.8% at 50% replacement of cement. The results of compressive strength showed an increase of 50.6% after replacing 10% metakaolin at 7 days and 17.35% after replacing ternary mixes with 15% slag, 15% fly ash, and 10% metakaolin, while flexural strength increased by 26.47% after replacing the same percent of metakaolin and by 10.4% after replacing a ternary mix with the same percent of materials. The results show that using 10% metakaolin decreased water absorption by 28.75% while increasing slag increased water absorption in ternary mixes. The results for dry density slightly decreased or increased with the increased replacement of ternary cement mixes from 1.2% to 0.33% compared with the control mix. The UPV test result increased by 5.4% in ternary cement mixes, and when replacing metakaolin with 10% and 15%, it increased UPV by 5.7% and 5.2%, respectively, at 28 days.","PeriodicalId":36749,"journal":{"name":"ASEAN Engineering Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47961326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODELING OF GROUNDWATER LEVEL CHANGES DUE TO DEEP WELL EXTRACTION USING MODFLOW IN THE NORTH OF BANDAR LAMPUNG","authors":"Ofik Taupik Purwadi, I. Darmawan, S. B. Yuwono, S. Triyono, D. Kusumastuti","doi":"10.11113/aej.v13.18310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v13.18310","url":null,"abstract":"The growth rate of urban areas in the north of Bandar Lampung has caused the extraction of groundwater resources through deep well pumping to increase. Therefore, it is necessary to study the impact of pumping to prevent groundwater depletion. This study performs numerical simulation modeling to identify the impact of deep well pumping on changes in groundwater levels in three sub-districts north of Bandar Lampung city. Modeling is done using MODFLOW-6 and ModelMuse as a graphical user interface (GUI). The simulation method uses steady-state and transient models with four stress periods in 2000, 2010, 2020, and 2030. A total of 30 data wells are used for model setup, and 15 of them as observation and validation points. The simulation results show that hydraulic head changes occur at depths of 10 m to more than 40 m. Drawdown and groundwater head changes are concentrated at deep well points with a radius of up to 1 km. The model also successfully identified a decrease in groundwater level to more than 8 m in the deepest well area DW1. Thus, it is necessary to take action that can overcome the impact of changes in groundwater level due to pumping from deep wells. Furthermore, groundwater storage engineering can be one solution by utilizing rainwater harvesting technology to recharge the groundwater aquifer system.","PeriodicalId":36749,"journal":{"name":"ASEAN Engineering Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49173697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ROC CURVE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT HYBRID FEATURE DESCRIPTORS USING MULTI CLASSIFIERS","authors":"S. Kailasam, E. Sankari, R. Kumuthini","doi":"10.11113/aej.v13.18804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v13.18804","url":null,"abstract":"Tremendous success of machine learning algorithms at pattern recognition creates interest in new inventions. Machine learning in an era of big data is that significant hierarchical relationships within the data can be discovered algorithmically than other handcraft like features. In this study, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is used as feature descriptors in pulmonary malignancy prediction. Various feature descriptors such as Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG), Extended Histogram of Oriented Gradient (EXHOG) and Linear Binary Pattern (LBP) descriptors are analyzed with classifiers such as Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) for Computed Tomography (CT) The phenotype features of pulmonary nodules are important cues for identification. The nodule solidity is an important cue for white blob area identification. The method is analyzed in Lung Image Database Consortium (LIDC) dataset. Receivers Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves show the graphical summaries of detectors performance. It is proved that CNN based feature extraction with SVM classifier works well in pulmonary malignancy prediction.","PeriodicalId":36749,"journal":{"name":"ASEAN Engineering Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46869840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING (BIM) CAPABILITY IN MALAYSIAN ARCHITECTURAL PRACTICES","authors":"Hanan-Allah Mohamed, Norfashiha Hashim, N. M. Yusuwan, S. M. Shamsuddin, I. Said","doi":"10.11113/aej.v13.18551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v13.18551","url":null,"abstract":"The wave of IR 4.0 has created a competitive environment by transforming the industry in both technical and managerial aspects. Many studies have highlighted the need for a radical shift of conventional design processes in the concept of BIM as a management and collaboration platform. Hence, an effective strategy for the BIM implementation process is needed by developing different BIM capabilities in different cascades of BIM stages. The aim of this study is mainly to investigate BIM capabilities developed by current architectural practices. Six BIM capabilities identified from extensive literature review were Design Authoring, Design Visualisation and Simulation, Design Coordination and Review, Constructability Analysis, Project Changes Management, and Collaboration and Coordination. Each BIM capability were studied according to different BIM activities that must be performed. The The findings revealed different BIM capabilities acquired by the architectural firms in three different BIM stages. For architectural firms in stage 1 BIM implementation, the most acquired BIM capability are Design Authoring, Design Visualisation and Simulation and Constructability Analysis. In BIM stage 2 practices, Constructability Analysis, Collaboration and Coordination, and Design Authoring capabilities were developed. The practices which claimed to be in stage 3 BIM dominated in terms of Design Visualisation and Simulation, Collaboration and Coordination and Design Authoring. The current BIM capabilities will be the basis to suggest critical BIM capabilities that current architectural practices in Malaysia should seek.","PeriodicalId":36749,"journal":{"name":"ASEAN Engineering Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46397062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}