Valentina Roquemen-Echeverri, Clara Mosquera-Lopez
{"title":"Recent advancements and applications of physics-informed machine learning in biomedical research","authors":"Valentina Roquemen-Echeverri, Clara Mosquera-Lopez","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Physics-informed machine learning (PIML) has emerged as a promising approach to modeling complex biomedical systems by integrating underlying biophysical laws with data-driven methods. Neural networks, particularly deep networks, are powerful data-driven function approximators that provide a flexible, scalable, and efficient framework for PIML, enabling the development of models with improved accuracy, interpretability, and robustness. This review examines recent advancements and applications of PIML in key biomedical domains where neural networks have been employed. We discuss core PIML techniques (i.e. physics-informed neural networks, constitutive artificial neural networks, and neural ordinary differential equations) for embedding physics into ML models and their applications in cardiology, oncology, radiology, and endocrinology, among other fields. By synthesizing recent progress and emerging applications from the scientific literature, we aim to highlight the potential of PIML in advancing both fundamental and translational research in biomedical engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100612"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hyaluronic acid-based models of the brain microenvironment: Challenges and advances","authors":"Anna Weldy , Sanjay Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While hyaluronic acid (HA) extracellular matrix (ECM) models continue to provide valuable insights into brain physiology and disease, much room for improvement remains in terms of capturing the cellular and structural complexity of the brain microenvironment. Here we review next-generation HA models that are aimed at better capturing brain microenvironmental complexity. We discuss functionalization and crosslinking strategies designed to improve HA stability and biocompatibility. We also cover efforts to incorporate ECM proteins and stromal elements into HA hydrogels, including astrocytes, endothelial cells, and macrophages. We conclude with a brief discussion of nascent advancements and applications of these models, ranging from the reconstruction of multicellular stromal structures to the development of high-throughput screening platforms. This new suite of matrix technologies and the resulting applications should contribute greatly to mechanistic and therapeutic discovery in brain physiology and disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100613"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144757305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatemeh Mokhles , Juan Gonzalez-Valdivieso , Mohammad Amin Moosavi , Marco Cordani
{"title":"Advances in nanoparticle-mediated transdermal delivery of nucleic acids as therapy of skin disorders and cancer","authors":"Fatemeh Mokhles , Juan Gonzalez-Valdivieso , Mohammad Amin Moosavi , Marco Cordani","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transdermal delivery of gene and RNA therapies represents a promising strategy in addressing genetic skin disorders and cancers, offering localized treatment with enhanced bioavailability and reduced systemic side effects. Despite these advantages, the stratum corneum presents a formidable barrier to the delivery of nucleic acids due to its dense lipid-protein structure and susceptibility to enzymatic degradation. Recent innovations in nanoparticle technologies, such as cationic liposomes and polymer-based carriers, have overcome these challenges by enhancing penetration, stability, and target specificity. Additionally, techniques like microneedles and iontophoretic applications further facilitate effective delivery into skin layers. Advanced formulations combining nanoparticles with therapeutic agents such as siRNA and CRISPR-Cas9 demonstrate significant potential in tumor growth inhibition, immune modulation, and gene correction. These approaches offer targeted therapeutic options, reduce drug resistance, and support genetic modifications for skin conditions. While challenges like immunogenicity and systemic degradation persist, emerging integration of artificial intelligence (AI) optimizes nanoparticle design and delivery systems. AI-driven advancements promise to refine transdermal delivery technologies, advancing precision medicine in dermatological applications and cancer therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100611"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144654423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial overview: Current perspectives in bioelectronic medicine: Mechanisms, technologies, and clinical frontiers","authors":"Tracy Cui, Douglas J. Weber","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100610","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100610"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daiyao Zhang , Carla Huerta-López , Sarah C. Heilshorn
{"title":"Organoid bioprinting to pattern the matrix microenvironment","authors":"Daiyao Zhang , Carla Huerta-López , Sarah C. Heilshorn","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of organoid cultures has propelled the fields of cell biology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine forward. These cultures better mimic <em>in vivo</em> tissue structure and function compared to 2D cell culture; however, organoids are limited in size and do not inherently allow precise control over tissue architecture and cell heterogeneity. Hand-wrought organoid biofabrication approaches enable the production of larger and more complex tissues, but they still lack reproducible control of spatiotemporal tissue patterns. In contrast, bioprinting is a collection of machine-wrought technologies that are emerging as powerful tools in tissue engineering and disease modeling, but have not yet been widely applied to organoids. When combined with advances in biomaterials science, bioprinting offers the possibility to control spatiotemporal cellular and microenvironmental features. The interactions between biomaterial inks, support baths, and embedded cells provide the opportunity to guide the maturation and functionality of engineered tissues. This review describes how recent advances in organoid technology, bioprinting, and biomaterials science can be integrated to achieve spatiotemporal patterning of four aspects of the microenvironment: matrix structure and mechanics, matrix ligands and morphogens, co-culture of multiple cell types, and incorporation of vasculature. These insights underscore the potential for organoid bioprinting to advance the fabrication of <em>in vitro</em> tissue mimics for applications in drug screening, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100607"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial overview: Scaffold-based and scaffold-free approaches for mechanobiology, in vitro disease modeling and treatment","authors":"Angelo Accardo, Enrico D. Lemma","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100609","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100609"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The next phase of mammalian synthetic biology: Trends and applications","authors":"Wilson W. Wong, Ahmad S. Khalil","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100608","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100608"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Valentin Bonnet , Emmanouil Angelidakis , Sébastien Sart , Charles N. Baroud
{"title":"Microfluidic and organ-on-a-chip approaches to model the tumor microenvironment","authors":"Valentin Bonnet , Emmanouil Angelidakis , Sébastien Sart , Charles N. Baroud","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex ecosystem that involves cancer cells, immune and stromal cells, in addition to extracellular matrix and secreted factors. The interactions within this complex ecosystem regulate tumor cell phenotypes and direct cancer progression, making their understanding essential for advancing our knowledge of cancer biology and developing innovative treatments. Since standard culture conditions cannot account for the complexity of the TME, organ-on-a-chip (OOC) technologies have been developed to fill this need. Here, we describe the recent advances in OOCs designed to improve <em>in vitro</em> models of the TME by controlling the physical, chemical, geometrical, and biological environment of tumor cells. We begin with studies that leverage OOCs to understand cancer biology, followed by a description of works that test drug effects within the TME. Finally, we discuss future avenues for development that will enhance the interest of OOCs for diverse applications, including clinical testing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100606"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shiyu Sun , Zhuowei Zhou , Aoife Tang , Jianping Fu
{"title":"Bioengineering gradients for controlled embryo and organ modeling","authors":"Shiyu Sun , Zhuowei Zhou , Aoife Tang , Jianping Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Symmetry breaking and tissue patterning are fundamental processes in mammalian development. Understanding these events is essential not only for advancing mammalian developmental biology but also for the ongoing efforts to create <em>in vitro</em> models of mammalian embryogenesis and organogenesis using stem cells. This review highlights recent bioengineering innovations designed to control exogenous and endogenous gradients of soluble biochemical signals and insoluble biophysical cues, effectively guiding cell differentiation and spatial organization in embryo and organ modeling. Specifically, we discuss microfluidics- and micropatterning-based multicellular culture systems, as well as approaches that use porous beads loaded with soluble factors and engineered cells as synthetic signaling centers to replicate dynamic <em>in vivo</em> signaling. We evaluate the effectiveness and limitations of each technique in influencing cell fate decisions, morphogenesis, and patterning, and explore their applications in modeling mammalian development. Finally, we outline emerging approaches that leverage bioengineered tools to construct mammalian embryo and organ models for both basic research and translational applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100605"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144471012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lefkothea Antonara , Efstathia Triantafyllopoulou , Maria Chountoulesi , Natassa Pippa , Nefeli Lagopati , Paraskevas P. Dallas , Dimitrios M. Rekkas , Maria Gazouli
{"title":"Recent advances in niosome-based transdermal drug delivery systems","authors":"Lefkothea Antonara , Efstathia Triantafyllopoulou , Maria Chountoulesi , Natassa Pippa , Nefeli Lagopati , Paraskevas P. Dallas , Dimitrios M. Rekkas , Maria Gazouli","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Niosomes are promising drug delivery nanosystems for transdermal administration. They exhibit several advantages for drug delivery and targeting applications, (i.e. biocompatibility, increased physical stability, modified drug release properties, low cost, and easy scale-up). Additionally, they are deemed as favorable candidates caused by their capability to enhance skin permeation, which is the main challenge in transcutaneous delivery. The aim of this review is to summarize from a critical point of view the most recent niosome-based nanoparticulate formulations for transdermal administration and their added value in pharmaceutical technology and engineering. The formulation protocols, the main excipients and Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), and the main physicochemical and biological properties and applications of niosome-based transdermal drug delivery systems are discussed and analyzed. Taking into account their scale-up in the pharmaceutical industry, the critical quality attributes (CQAs), along with the most critical design and process parameters, are reviewed in depth, while existing limitations are also considered. Niosomes are candidate drug delivery platforms with added value in transdermal administration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100603"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}