Journal for Person-Oriented Research最新文献

{"title":"The Central Role of the Concept of Person in Psychological Science.","authors":"Lars-Gunnar Lundh","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2022.24853","DOIUrl":"10.17505/jpor.2022.24853","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"8 2","pages":"38-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9773942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10816937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Idiographic Dynamics between Suicide Ideation and Depression, Anxiety and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Persons Living with HIV: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Yiqin Zhu, Thomas Rodebaugh, Kevin Narine, Lily A Brown","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2022.24856","DOIUrl":"10.17505/jpor.2022.24856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given that suicide ideation (SI) fluctuates drastically over short periods of time and is heterogenous across individuals, idiographic suicide research is warranted. In this pilot study, we used intensive ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine whether anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms on a given day predicted next-day SI on a person-to-person basis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PLWH (<i>N</i> = 10) with past-month SI completed daily randomly assessed ratings of suicidal urges using the Suicide-Visual Analogue Scale (S-VAS) and daily assessed ratings of anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms for 28 days. We used N = 1 Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling to test whether depression, anxiety or PTSD symptoms in the prior day predicted next-day S-VAS for each individual.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all participants, S-VAS on a given day was not predicted by prior-day anxiety, PTSD symptoms or S-VAS. In one participant, higher depression symptoms predicted lower next-day S-VAS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Daily-level data may be insufficient to predict near-term increases in suicide risk based on anxiety, depression, or PTSD symptoms in PLWH. These findings suggest the importance of finer-grained assessments (e.g., assessing suicide risk and its correlates multiple times per day) to better understand changes in suicide risk over time among PLWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"8 2","pages":"71-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9773944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10817403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time Production Intensively Studied in One Observer.","authors":"Joseph Glicksohn, Batsheva Weisinger","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2022.24219","DOIUrl":"10.17505/jpor.2022.24219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>If one accepts the notion of an internal clock, then one must further presume that time production (TP) is attuned with the rate of functioning of the clock's pacemaker. As the level of environmental stimulation increases, TP of the same target durations should decrease; this is particularly the case when one is exposed to flicker. In the present exploratory study, wherein the second author served in an <i>n</i> = 1 experiment, we intensely study TP, using a factorial design that crosses a factor of Flicker with one of Counting Strategy, to create 48 different conditions (sessions). In each session, 6 target intervals are produced a total of 6 times in a counterbalanced manner. Our results indicate that as flicker rate increases, produced duration decreases, as predicted. The main effect for flicker was found for the intercept, but not for the slope of the psychophysical function relating produced duration to target duration. Veridical perception is achieved at a flicker rate of 6 Hz. We uncovered no main effect for counting, suggesting that flicker swamps any impact of chronometric counting.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"24-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9186124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40540085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Prior Night's Sleep Impact Next Day's Executive Functioning? It Depends on an Individual's Average Sleep Quality.","authors":"Dian Yu, Carolina Goncalves, Pei-Jung Yang, G John Geldhof, Laura Michaelson, Yue Ni, Richard M Lerner","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2022.24218","DOIUrl":"10.17505/jpor.2022.24218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Executive functioning (EF) is a series of fundamental goal-directed cognitive abilities that enable effective learning. Differences in daily sleep quality may covary with fluctuations in EF among youth. Most studies linking sleep to EF rely on between-person differences and average effects for the sample. This study employed an intensive longitudinal design and examined the within-person relations between self-reported prior night's sleep quality and next day's EF. Students from Grades 4 to 12 (<i>M</i> age= 14.60, <i>SD</i> = 2.53) completed three behavioral EF tasks repeatedly across approximately one semester. The final analytic sample included 2898 observations embedded in 73 participants. Although, on average, sleep did not significantly covary with EF, there was heterogeneity in within-person sleep-EF relations. Moreover, individuals' average sleep quality moderated within-person effects. For individuals with low mean sleep quality, a better-than-usual sleep quality was linked to better EF performance. However, for individuals with high mean sleep quality, better-than-usual sleep quality was linked to worse EF performance. Understanding person-specific relations between sleep and EF can help educators optimize EF and learning on a daily basis and produce positive academic outcomes across longer time periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"10-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9178989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40024909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Configural Analysis in Component Space.","authors":"Alexander von Eye,&nbsp;Wolfgang Wiedermann","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2022.24217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17505/jpor.2022.24217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unless very large samples are available, the number of variables and variable categories that can be simultaneously used in categorical data analysis is small when models are estimated. In this article, an approach is proposed that can help remedy this problem. Specifically, it is proposed to perform, in a first step, principal component analysis or factor analysis. These methods help reduce the dimensionality of the data space without loss of important information. In a second step, sectors are created in the component or factor space. These sectors can, in a third step, be subjected to Configural Frequency analysis (CFA). CFA identifies those sectors that contradict a priori-specified hypotheses. It is also proposed to take into account the ordinal nature of the sectors. In addition, distributional assumptions can be considered. This is illustrated in data examples. Possible extensions of the proposed approach are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9178982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40024908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scandinavian Society for Person-Oriented Research (SPOR) Young Researcher Award 2021","authors":"L. Bergman","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2022.24220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17505/jpor.2022.24220","url":null,"abstract":"The award is given to Wolfgang Wiedermann, University of Missouri, Columbia, for his many contributions to new valuable methods for analyzing data in a person-oriented context.Wiedermann has often, but not exclusively, carried out his research within the framework of the configural frequency analysis (CFA) tradition, in many cases in collaboration with Alexander von Eye. The CFA framework is eminently well suited to provide a methodological toolbox for the researcher carrying out person-oriented analyses. Wiedermann has been a driving force in developing many new methods that not only extend the CFA approach but which also in a clever and creative way makes use of other types of statistical methods to find new types of solutions to methodological challenges.","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49369414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraindividual Fluctuations in Sleep Predict Subsequent Goal Setting in Adolescents.","authors":"Laura E Michaelson,&nbsp;Juliette Berg,&nbsp;Michelle J Boyd-Brown,&nbsp;Whitney Cade,&nbsp;Dian Yu,&nbsp;G John Geldhof,&nbsp;Pei-Jung Yang,&nbsp;Paul A Chase,&nbsp;David Osher,&nbsp;Richard M Lerner","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2021.23796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17505/jpor.2021.23796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate within- and between-person associations between sleep and subsequent goal setting in adolescents. We conducted an intensive repeated measures longitudinal study to assess intra- and inter-individual associations between sleep and goal setting and potential moderators of such associations. Thirty-nine seventh through 12th graders reported on their sleep quality and propensity to set goals in their daily lives several times per week for approximately four months. We used a combination of multilevel modeling with time-varying covariates and centering techniques to partition within- and between-person variance. We found significant and positive associations between sleep and goal setting within individuals, but no such associations between individuals. That is, students were more likely to set goals for their work after getting a good night's sleep relative to their own average sleep quality, but getting good sleep on average relative to other individuals showed no association with average goal setting. These relationships were not moderated by participant age, gender, or sociodemographic status as indexed by maternal education. Differences in average sleep between adolescents matters less for their propensity to set goals than whether they experienced better- or worse-than-usual sleep the previous night given their own average. This finding represents the first evidence documenting effects of sleep on goal setting, which is an important psychological precursor to many youth behavioral and achievement outcomes. Our findings highlight the individuality of sleep needs and point to new directions for sleep-related practice and policy aimed at youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"7 2","pages":"78-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8753633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39852917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Listen and You Will See the Person Through the Dementia","authors":"R. Estrada","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2021.23797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17505/jpor.2021.23797","url":null,"abstract":"Dementia is an ever-increasing health and social problem, with a growing number of people being affected worldwide. As dementia progresses, dependency on others increases, requiring the presence of caregivers. Caregivers tend to focus on the diagnosis itself – dementia – which makes it difficult to see the person in their uniqueness. The person is there, and can be seen by listening, which requires time and communication skills. The voices of older adults living with several types of dementia, collected while working as a psychologist in a nursing home, are presented in the first person to bring forward the person they are. These excerpts of interactions illustrate the basic psychological need of relatedness, which is built through interaction, stories, and touch, and the needs of competence and autonomy. The framework of this paper en-compasses validation therapy, person-centered care, and self-determination theory. Two conclusions emerge: Seeing the person through the dementia enables an adequate psychological assessment and a helpful supportive psychotherapy, and it also makes us acknowledge and help satisfy the three basic psychological needs of relatedness, competence, and autonomy.","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":" ","pages":"88 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42691978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Listen and You Will See the Person Through the Dementia","authors":"R. Estrada","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2021.23891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17505/jpor.2021.23891","url":null,"abstract":"Dementia is an ever-increasing health and social problem, with a growing number of people being affected worldwide. As dementia progresses, dependency on others increases, requiring the presence of caregivers. Caregivers tend to focus on the diagnosis itself – dementia – which makes it difficult to see the person in their uniqueness. The person is there, and can be seen by listening, which requires time and communication skills. The voices of older adults living with several types of dementia, collected while working as a psychologist in a nursing home, are presented in the first person to bring forward the person they are. These excerpts of interactions illustrate the basic psychological need of relatedness, which is built through interaction, stories, and touch, and the needs of competence and autonomy. The framework of this paper en-compasses validation therapy, person-centered care, and self-determination theory. Two conclusions emerge: Seeing the person through the dementia enables an adequate psychological assessment and a helpful supportive psychotherapy, and it also makes us acknowledge and help satisfy the three basic psychological needs of relatedness, competence, and autonomy.","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"88 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41907678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Averting the Next Credibility Crisis in Psychological Science: Within-Person Methods for Personalized Diagnostics and Intervention.","authors":"Julia Moeller","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2021.23795","DOIUrl":"10.17505/jpor.2021.23795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Personalizing assessments, predictions, and treatments of individuals is currently a defining trend in psychological research and applied fields, including personalized learning, personalized medicine, and personalized advertisement. For instance, the recent pandemic has reminded parents and educators of how challenging yet crucial it is to get the right learning task to the right student at the right time. Increasingly, psychologists and social scientists are realizing that the between-person methods that we have long relied upon to describe, predict, and treat individuals may fail to live up to these tasks (e.g., Molenaar, 2004). Consequently, there is a risk of a credibility loss, possibly similar to the one seen during the replicability crisis (Ioannides, 2005), because we have only started to understand how many of the conclusions that we tend to draw based on between-person methods are based on a misunderstanding of what these methods can tell us and what they cannot. An imminent methodological revolution will likely lead to a change of even well-established psychological theories (Barbot et al., 2020). Fortunately, methodological solutions for personalized descriptions and predictions, such as many within-person analyses, are available and undergo rapid development, although they are not yet embraced in all areas of psychology, and some come with their own limitations. This article first discusses the extent of the theory-method gap, consisting of theories about within-person patterns being studied with between-person methods in psychology, and the potential loss of trust that might follow from this theory-method gap. Second, this article addresses advantages and limitations of available within-person methods. Third, this article discusses how within-person methods may help improving the individual descriptions and predictions that are needed in many applied fields that aim for tailored individual solutions, including personalized learning and personalized medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"53-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8826406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47700592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}