Journal of ICT Standardization最新文献

{"title":"Overview on the Security in 5G Phase 2","authors":"Noamen Ben Henda","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.811","url":null,"abstract":"During the early development stages of the 5G specifications by 3GPP, it was quickly identified that it is not possible to address all the use cases of the 5G System within the normal Release timeframe. Therefore, it was decided to split the work in two phases. The 5G Phase 1 work focused on the foundation of the new system while 5G Phase 2 focused more on the needed enhancements to address the use cases. The work on the security in 5G Phase 1 was ample enough to deliver all the needed mechanisms not only to secure the communication between the different entities but also to protect the privacy of the user. Therefore, it is expected that the work on 5G Phase 2 will unlikely have impact on the security mechanisms. Nevertheless, some of the new features in 5G Phase 2 give rise to subtle security challenges which may require enhancements to the existing mechanisms. In this article, we consider some of the 5G Phase 2 features and shed light on such security aspects.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10258063/10258087.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68106280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Securing Virtual Network Function (VNF) in Telco Cloud","authors":"Bharathkumar Ravichandran","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.834","url":null,"abstract":"In the fifth generation mobile communication architecture (5G), network functions which traditionally existed as discrete hardware entities based on custom architectures, are replaced with dynamic, scalable Virtual Network Functions (VNF) that run on general purpose (x86) cloud computing plat-forms, under the paradigm Network Function Virtualization (NFV). The shift towards a virtualized infrastructure poses its own set of security challenges that need to be addressed. One such challenge that we seek to address in this paper is providing integrity, authenticity and confidentiality protection for VNFs.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"8 3","pages":"235-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10258043/10258044.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70608704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Landscape Analysis of Standardisation in the Field of Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Wolfgang Ziegler","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.824","url":null,"abstract":"While projects, developments and applications addressing and using artificial intelligence (AI) are rather multifaceted and their number is constantly increasing, the standardisation activities in the field of artificial intelligence are limited, their number is significantly lower and does not increase at the same pace. The European funded project StandICT.eu aims at supporting European experts' presence in and contributions to international standardisation activities in ICT. The focus of the project is on the 5 priority domains identified by the European Commission (Cloud Computing, IoT, Big Data, Cyber Security, 5G) and on Artificial Intelligence while being open for other relevant topics defined in the annual European Rolling Plan for ICT Standardisation. The project has two main outcomes: (i) increased contribution of European experts in international standardisation through support by providing grants for planned contributions of successful applications of experts, and (ii) an online observatory of published standards and ongoing standardisation activities in the areas mentioned before. This observatory (called Standards Watch) is accessible through the project's web site and open for contributions and comments from registered users. As part of the effort for the Standards Watch the projects has prepared a comprehensive analysis of the international standardisation landscape in the AI field, that comprises a description of the ICT standards and ongoing work at international level in the field of AI across the standardisation organisations already active in the field. In this article we will present results of our work where we have analysed the work of the 5 international and European Standards Development Organisations (SDOs) IEEE,\u0000¹\u0000¹\u0000Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers [13]. ISO/IEC,\u0000²\u0000²\u0000International Organization for Standardization [15]/International Electrotechnical Com mission [12]. ITU-T,\u0000³\u0000³\u0000International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector [16]. ETSI\u0000⁴\u0000⁴\u0000European Telecommunications Standards Institute [10]. and CEN-CENELEC\u0000⁵\u0000⁵\u0000European Committee for Standardization [7]-European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization [8]. developing standards in the field of AI. The first 4 bodies have already been active several years in AI standardisation at the time of writing this article. CEN-CENELEC has launched a focus group in 2019 which aims at producing a roadmap for AI standardisation. For these 4 SDOs information on their active groups, details of their work and the respective state/outcome is provided in the main part of this article. Followed by the same exercise for the two identified Standards Settings Organisations (SSOs): W3C\u0000⁶\u0000⁶\u0000World Wide Web Consortium [20]. and IRTF,\u0000⁷\u0000⁷\u0000Internet Research Task Force [14]. their active groups ","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"8 2","pages":"151-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10258069/10258070.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68009013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Questioning the Scope of AI Standardization in Learning, Education, and Training","authors":"Jon Mason;Bruce E. Peoples;Jaeho Lee","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.822","url":null,"abstract":"Well-defined terminology and scope are essential in formal standardization work. In the broad domain of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) the necessity is even more so due to proliferation and appropriation of terms from other fields and public discourse - the term ‘smart’ is a classic example; as is ‘deep learning’. In reviewing the emerging impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the field of Information Technology for Learning, Education, and Training (ITLET), this paper highlights several questions that might assist in developing scope statements of new work items. While learners and teachers are very much foregrounded in past and present standardization efforts in ITLET, little attention has been placed until recently on whether these learners and teachers are necessarily human. Now that AI is a hot spot of innovation it is receiving considerable attention from standardization bodies such as ISO/IEC, IEEE and pan-European initiatives such as the Next Generation Internet. Thus, terminology such as ‘blended learning’ necessarily now spans not just humans in a mix of online and offline learning, but also mixed reality and AI paradigms, developed to assist human learners in environments such as Adaptive Instructional Systems (AIS) that extend the scope and design of a learning experience where a symbiosis is formed between humans and AI. Although the fields of LET and AI may utilize similar terms, the language of AI is mathematics and terms can mean different things in each field. Nonetheless, in ‘symbiotic learning’ contexts where an AIS at times replaces a human teacher, a symbiosis between the human learner and the AIS occurs in such a way where both can exist as teacher and learner. While human ethics and values are preeminent in this new symbiosis, a shift towards a new ‘intelligence nexus’ is signalled where ethics and values can also apply to AI in learning, education, and training (LET) contexts. In making sense of the scope of standardization efforts in the context of LET based AI, issues for the human-computer interface become more complex than simply appropriating terminology such as ‘smart’ in the next era of standardization. Framed by ITLET perspectives, this paper focuses on detailing the implications for standardization and key questions arising from developments in Artificial Intelligence. At a high level, we need to ask: do the scopes of current LET related Standards Committees still apply and if not, what scope changes are needed?","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"8 2","pages":"107-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10258069/10258062.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68009015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Challenges in the Standardization of Ethics for Trustworthy AI","authors":"Dave Lewis;Linda Hogan;David Filip;P. J. Wall","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.823","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we examine the challenges of developing international standards for Trustworthy AI that aim both to be global applicable and to address the ethical questions key to building trust at a commercial and societal level. We begin by examining the validity of grounding standards that aim for international reach on human right agreements, and the need to accommodate variations in prioritization and tradeoffs in implementing rights in different societal and cultural settings. We then examine the major recent proposals from the OECD, the EU and the IEEE on ethical governance of Trustworthy AI systems in terms of their scope and use of normative language. From this analysis, we propose a preliminary minimal model for the functional roles relevant to Trustworthy AI as a framing for further standards development in this area. We also identify the different types of interoperability reference points that may exist between these functional roles and remark on the potential role they could play in future standardization. Finally we examine a current AI standardization effort under ISO/IEC JTC1 to consider how future Trustworthy AI standards may be able to build on existing standards in developing ethical guidelines and in particular on the ISO standard on Social Responsibility. We conclude by proposing some future directions for research and development of Trustworthy AI standards.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"8 2","pages":"123-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10258069/10258095.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68140334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to the Special Issue on: Big Data/AI Standardization in the Journal of ICT Standardization","authors":"Ray Walshe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/","url":null,"abstract":"ICT has the capability to improve the quality of life experienced by our citizens through education, training, new services, innovation and automated control systems. ICT especially the emerging technologies investigated here are of immense importance to supporting education, health, innovation and infrastructure. AI and Big Data systems show great potential for achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals which currently requires immediate global action in areas like climate change, poverty and pollution to ensure that additional damage to societies and the planet is prevented.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"8 2","pages":"v-viii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10258069/10258060.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68009016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Foreword","authors":"Anand R. Prasad;Sivabalan Arumugam","doi":"","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/","url":null,"abstract":"5G security is a very hot topic today but adequate information and understanding is still missing even among the technical society. In this special issue of the journal we present 5 papers discussing 5G security as per 3GPP specifications written by experts in the field. These papers are based on “3GPP 5G Security Workshop” we organized with 5GMF in cooperation with 3GPP and ARIB on 1st July 2019 at Tokyo, Japan. All the papers were thoroughly reviewed before acceptance for publication.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"8 1","pages":"v-vi"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10258063/10258105.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68106282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, Development and Performance Evaluation of Nano Robot in Traditional Siddha Medicines for Cancer Treatment","authors":"Kaviarasu Balakrishnan;Sivabalan Arumugam;Guna Magesan","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.833","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports a design and fabrication of a functional nano robot “Sootha Vennai Parpam- cutavanai - Parpam - SVP” of 150–200 nm size which behaves more or less like a human physician in nano form inside the body. This nanorobot is a medicine which has artificial intelligence i.e. the distin-guishing ability, decision making ability and some basic behavioral properties such as target detection ability, self-propelling capability and handling the infection in the case of breast cancer. This nanorobot can also aid in cancer therapy, site-specific or target drug delivery, and tissue repair.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"8 3","pages":"217-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10258043/10258100.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68139272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Business Case for Automating Data Management","authors":"Mark Hobart","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.832","url":null,"abstract":"Back in 2016, IDC forecast a ten-fold increase on business data processed globally by 2025. Combine this with increasing regulatory compliance and demand for quality data, then it is perhaps not a surprise to find that many businesses are feeling somewhat over-whelmed by the enormity of the data management and governance task they face. But, don't despair, there is a compelling business case, both in terms of efficiency gains and tangible finan-cial savings in adopting a strategy for centralising information governance and automating the management of your data. This paper will explore the emerging problem domain of data and look at the business case for use of automated data management tools to better prepare your organisation for the tsunami of data coming its way.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"8 3","pages":"199-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10258043/10258074.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68139275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3GPP Non-Public Network Security","authors":"Anja Jerichow;Betsy Covell;Devaki Chandramouli;Ali Rezaki;Atte Lansisalmi;Juergen Merkel","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.815","url":null,"abstract":"The 3GPP Rel-16 5G System focuses on enabling support for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) for Industry 4.0. Building blocks of 5G supporting use cases and requirements from the manufacturing sector are extreme mobile broadband, massive machine-type communication, ultra-reliable critical machine communication, non-public networks, time sensitive communication, 5G LAN communication, precise positioning. While for all of them, security plays an important role, the focus of this paper is on the 3GPP Rel-16 architecture and security concept of 5GS Non-Public Networks. We conclude with insights on the challenges for using 5G in the Operational Technology Industry.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"8 1","pages":"57-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10258063/10258108.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68105557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}