Mehdi Bezahaf;Stephen Cassidy;David Hutchison;Daniel King;Nicholas Race;Charalampos Rotsos
{"title":"A Model-Driven and Business Approach to Autonomic Network Management","authors":"Mehdi Bezahaf;Stephen Cassidy;David Hutchison;Daniel King;Nicholas Race;Charalampos Rotsos","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.928","url":null,"abstract":"As corporate networks continue to expand, the technologies that underpin these enterprises must be capable of meeting the operational goals of the operators that own and manage them. Automation has enabled the impressive scaling of networks from the days of Strowger. The challenge now is not only to keep pace with the continuing huge expansion of capacity but at the same time to manage a huge increase in complexity - driven by the range of customer solutions and technologies. Recent advances in automation, programmable network interfaces, and model-driven networking will provide the possibility of closed-loop, self-optimizing, and self-healing networks. Collectively these support the goals of a truly automated network, commonly understood as “autonomic networking” even though this is a prospect yet to be achieved. This paper outlines the progress made towards autonomic networking and the framework and procedures developed during the UK Next Generation Converged Digital Infrastructure (NG-CDI) project. It outlines the operator-driven requirements and capabilities that have been identified, and proposes an autonomic management framework, and summarizes current art and the challenges that remain.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"9 2","pages":"229-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10255460/10255465.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68121019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"LoRaWAN Security","authors":"Olivier Seller","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.915","url":null,"abstract":"The LoRaWAN security design adheres to state-of-the-art principles: use of standard, well-vetted algorithms, and end-to-end security. The fundamental properties supported in LoRaWAN security are mutual end-point authentication, data origin authentication, integrity and replay protection, and confidentiality. The use of symmetric cryptography and prior secret key sharing between a device and a server enables an extremely power efficient and network efficient activation procedure.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"9 1","pages":"47-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10255463/10255484.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70607661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial Foreword","authors":"Ramjee Prasad;Anand R. Prasad","doi":"","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue is based on the workshop “6G Knowledge Lab Opening and 36th GISFI Workshop” held 21–22 December 2020, organized jointly by the CTIF Global Capsule (CGC) and the Global ICT Standardisation Forum for India (GISFI). The special issue is divided in 2 parts of which this is the first part consisting of 5 papers.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"9 3","pages":"i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10255453/10255454.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68097853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antonio Pastor;Diego R. López;Jose Ordonez-Lucena;Sonia Fernández;Jesús Folgueira
{"title":"A Model-Based Approach to Multi-Domain Monitoring Data Aggregation","authors":"Antonio Pastor;Diego R. López;Jose Ordonez-Lucena;Sonia Fernández;Jesús Folgueira","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.9210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.9210","url":null,"abstract":"The essential propellant for any closed-loop management mechanism is data related to the managed entity. While this is a general evidence, it becomes even more true when dealing with advanced closed-loop systems like the ones supported by Artificial Intelligence (AI), as they require a trustworthy, up-to-date and steady flow of state data to be applicable. Modern network infrastructures provide a vast amount of disparate data sources, especially in the multi-domain scenarios considered by the ETSI Industry Specification Group (ISG) Zero Touch Network and Service Management (ZSM) framework, and proper mechanisms for data aggregation, pre-processing and normalization are required to make possible AI-enabled closed-loop management. So far, solutions proposed for these data aggregation tasks have been specific to concrete data sources and consumers, following ad-hoc approaches unsuitable to address the vast heterogeneity of data sources and potential data consumers. This paper presents a model-based approach to a data aggregator framework, relying on standardized data models and telemetry protocols, and integrated with an open-source network orchestration stack to support their incorporation within network service lifecycles.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"9 2","pages":"291-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10255460/10255466.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68121007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Challenge of Zero Touch and Explainable AI","authors":"Biswadeb Dutta;Andreas Krichel;Marie-Paule Odini","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.925","url":null,"abstract":"With ever increasing complexity and dynamicity in digital service provider networks, especially with the emergence of 5G, operators seek more automation to reduce the cost of operations, time to service and revenue of new and innovative services, and increase the efficiency of resource utilization, Complex algorithms leveraging ML (machine learning) are introduced, often with the need for frequent training as the networks evolve. Inference is then applied either in the core directly, or in the management stack to trigger actions and configuration changes automatically. This is the essence of Zero Touch. The challenge that analysts are often faced with is to trace back from the inference or prediction to the original events or symptoms that led to the triggered action, which ML model version or pipeline was used. This paper describes the challenges faced by analysts and provides some solutions.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"9 2","pages":"147-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10255460/10255474.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68121011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul Harvey;Alexandru Tatar;Pierre Imai;Leon Wong;Laurent Bringuier
{"title":"Evolutionary Autonomous Networks","authors":"Paul Harvey;Alexandru Tatar;Pierre Imai;Leon Wong;Laurent Bringuier","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.927","url":null,"abstract":"The communication networks of today can greatly benefit from autonomous operation and adaptation, not only due to the implicit cost savings, but also because autonomy will enable functionalities that are infeasible today. Across industry, academia and standardisation bodies there has been an increased interest in achieving the autonomous goal, but a path on how to attain this goal is still unclear. In this paper we present our vision for the future of autonomous networking. We introduce the concepts and technological means to achieve autonomy and propose an architecture which emerges directly through the application of these concepts, highlighting opportunities and challenges for standardisation. We argue that only a holistic architecture based on hierarchies of hybrid learning, functional composition, and online experimental evaluation is expressive and capable enough to realise true autonomy within communication networks.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"9 2","pages":"201-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10255460/10255468.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68121012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nathan F. Saraiva de Sousa;Danny Lachos Perez;Christian Esteve Rothenberg;Pedro Henrique Gomes
{"title":"End-to-End Service Monitoring for Zero-Touch Networks","authors":"Nathan F. Saraiva de Sousa;Danny Lachos Perez;Christian Esteve Rothenberg;Pedro Henrique Gomes","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.923","url":null,"abstract":"Autonomous management capability is the main pillar for paving Zero-touch Networks and efficiently deliver and operate use cases under the light of 5G requirements. To this end, Closed Control Loop (CCL), Intent-Based Networking (IBN), and Machine Learning (ML) are regarded as enablers to automatically executed all operational processes, ideally without human intervention. In this context, the ETSI Zero-touch network and Service Management (ZSM) framework specifies an end-to-end network and service management reference architecture for managing the full lifecycle of services. However, the whole process of service monitoring is not yet well-consolidated in ETSI ZSM. In this work, we propose the Monitoring Model Generator (MMG) component to automatically construct templates for service monitoring. MMG implements a novel methodology where service deployment models and standard information models are used as inputs to generate a high-level monitoring template, called Service Monitoring Model (SMM) and built upon an ontology-based schema based on the Resource Description Framework (RDF) vocabulary. We present a proof of concept implementation along with an experimental functional validation of the MMG and using RDF data in turtle syntax and format. The resulting monitoring models are then used to define actual monitoring KPIs and construct management policies in a control loop architecture.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"9 2","pages":"91-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10255460/10255483.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68121008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction from the Guest Editors","authors":"Nurit Sprecher;Vishnu Ram;Csaba Vulkán","doi":"","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/","url":null,"abstract":"5G networks are expected to provide virtually-unlimited-gigabit and ultra-reliable connections to people and objects, when and where it matters, supporting diverse use cases with an extremely demanding range of requirements (in terms of latency, throughput, reliability, coverage and security, cost targets, etc.). However, building a network that supports a broad array and diverse set of new services, all of which can be set up, dynamically reconfigured, scaled and torn down at a moment's notice introduces several challenges. Unprecedented operational agility is required to allow services to be rapidly deployed, dynamically adapted, and continuously and seamlessly assured. The management layer has in its own scope to maintain the overall capabilities of the network, e.g., to resolve any faults, degradations that might have negative implications on the active services. Additionally, it should be able to dynamically manage the available virtual, transport and radio resources in order to maintain the SLA of the established services within the extent of the intrinsic capabilities and resources of the system.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"9 2","pages":"i-viii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10255460/10255470.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68121014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DnyaneshwarS. Mantri;Pranav M. Pawar;Nandkumar P. Kulkarni;Neeli R. Prasad
{"title":"Ubiquitous Networks: A Need of Future World of Things","authors":"DnyaneshwarS. Mantri;Pranav M. Pawar;Nandkumar P. Kulkarni;Neeli R. Prasad","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.933","url":null,"abstract":"With an exponential increase in the number of applications and user demand, it is essential to respond to the query of users with fast services and networks used. This is possible only by the use of ubiquitous networks supporting mass media communications. The integration of advanced technologies such as Communication, Navigation and Sensing Services (CONASENSE) and Human Bond Communications (HBC) takes care of sensing, services, data, speed, cooperation, content, and cost of communication. The combination of Data, Technology, and Media used for intelligent computation and communication over the internet could serve the purpose, and that's the urgent demand of growing networks marching towards a fusion of IoT and 5G leading to 6G. IoT with 5G will be the backbone of networks in the future generation network, adding the concept of virtualization at Anytime, Anywhere, Anything, and Anybody. The definition of ubiquitous technology considers it networked, wireless and mobile, to connect a more significant number of users and the world around them. The ubiquitous network connects the D2D, M2M, D2M and uses the ICT and Cloud-based technology to mitigate the QoS parameters. The paper's primary contribution is the proposal of 6G enabling technologies and use cases to demonstrate the need and integration of various prime techniques as IoT+5G+Cloud+AI/ML. The technology road map and proposed C6-WISDOM model illustrate the fundamentals of enabling future ubiquitous networks (6G). It also focuses on the critical requirements of 6G technology in support of ubiquitous networks and identifies the present technologies integrated to provide vertical sustainable wireless networking solutions.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"9 3","pages":"349-370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10255453/10255481.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68097852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenyi Chen;Kwang-Cheng Chen;Chen Dong;Zixiang Nie
{"title":"6G Mobile Communications for Multi-Robot Smart Factory","authors":"Zhenyi Chen;Kwang-Cheng Chen;Chen Dong;Zixiang Nie","doi":"10.13052/jicts2245-800X.934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.934","url":null,"abstract":"Private or special-purpose wireless networks present a new technological trend for future mobile communications, while one attractive application scenario is the wireless communication in a smart factory. In addition to wireless technologies, this paper pays special attention to treat a smart factory as the integration of collaborative multi-robot systems for production robots and transportation robots. Multiple aspects of collaborative multi-robot systems enabled by wireless networking have been investigated, dynamic multi-robot task assignment for collaborative production robots and subsequent transportation robots, social learning to enhance precision and robustness of collaborative production robots, and more efficient operation of collaborative transportation robots. Consequently, the technical requirements of 6G mobile communication can be logically highlighted.","PeriodicalId":36697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ICT Standardization","volume":"9 3","pages":"371-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/10251929/10255453/10255487.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68097856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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