SPAFA Journal最新文献

{"title":"A Diachronic Analysis of the Façades of the Filipino-Spanish Churches of the Diocese of Maasin in the Context of the Slave Raids from the South | Isang Diyakronikong Pagsusuri ng mga Facade ng Pilipino-Espanyol na Simbahan sa Diyosesis ng Maasin sa Konteksto ng mga Pagsalakay ng Alipin mula sa Timog","authors":"Raffy Andrew Garcia Loreto, Guiraldo Fernandez, Leslie Anne Liwanag, Feorillo Petronillo Demeterio","doi":"10.26721/spafajournal.437805191v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.437805191v","url":null,"abstract":"In the Roman Catholic Diocese of Maasin, on the island of Leyte, Philippines, there remain today seven Filipino-Spanish churches. The oldest among these structures was built in the first half of the 17th century, while the newest was built at the closing of the 19th century. As the island of Leyte is proximate to the island of Mindanao, the early Leyteños had been living under the threat of the slave raids from the South that waxed and waned under the colonial Spanish rule. This paper examined how the façade designs of these seven Filipino-Spanish churches interacted with the changing frequencies and intensities of these slave raids. This paper was able to identify two types of façades from waxing slave raids period and another two types of façades from the waning slave raids period. The findings of this paper will contribute to the sparse literature on Philippine ecclesiastical architecture as well as to the Philippine architecture during the Spanish colonial period. Specifically, this will contribute to the deeper understanding on the interaction between the slave raids from the South and Philippine ecclesiastical architecture during the Spanish colonial period. Kasalukuyang may pitong Pilipino-Espanyol na mga simbahan ang Katoliko Romanong Diyosesis ng Maasin sa isla ng Leyte, sa Pilipinas. Noong unang bahagi ng ika-17 na siglo itinatag ang pinakamatanda sa mga estrukturang ito, habang ang pinakabagong estruktura noong huling bahagi ng ika-19 na siglo. Natukoy na kalapit ng isla ng Leyte ang isla ng Mindanao, kaya nanirahan ang mga sinaunang Leyteño sa panahon ng tumindi at humupang banta ng mga pagsalakay mula sa Timog sa ilalim ng kolonyal na pamamahala ng Espanya. Sinuri ng papel na ito kung ano ang naging inter-aksiyon sa pagitan ng mga disenyo ng mga façade ng pitong Pilipino-Espanyol na mga simbahan at ng mga nagbagong dalas at tindi ng mga pagsalakay. Nagawang kilalanin ng papel na ito ang dalawang uri ng mga façade mula sa panahon ng patinding pagsalakay at isa pa mula sa panahon ng pahupang pagsalakay ng mga ito. Maituturing na kontribusyon ng papel ang makapagdagdag sa iilang literatura sa eklesiyastikal na arkitekturang Pilipino, gayundin para sa arkitekturang Pilipino noong panahong kolonyal na Espanyol. Espesipiko na makaaambag ito sa mas malalim na pag-unawa sa naging inter-aksiyon sa pagitan ng mga pagsalakay mula sa Timog at ng eklesiyastikal na arkitekturang Pilipino noong panahong kolonyal na Espanyol.","PeriodicalId":36552,"journal":{"name":"SPAFA Journal","volume":"283 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134946158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cosmos Encapsulated: The Maṇḍala-stūpa of Borobudur–its Polysemic Form and Functions | Cosmos yang terangkum: Maṇḍala-stūpa Borobudur, bentuk polisemi dan fungsinya","authors":"Saran Suebsantiwongse","doi":"10.26721/spafajournal.us2f62doi4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.us2f62doi4","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars have long debated the form and functions of Borobudur, whether it is a maṇḍala, a stūpa or both. Two Buddhist maṇḍalas have tentatively been assigned to the structure, namely the Vajradhātumaṇḍala and the Mahākaruṇagarbhadhātumaṇḍala. But as the concurrence between the structural and iconographical details of the monument and the textual evidence are yet to be matched precisely, research on the exact nature of Borobudur is still current more than a century after its re-discovery in modern times. Recapping and building on different scholarly views to date, this paper presents yet another interpretation, insights into, and possible functions of this ancient megastructure.\u0000 \u0000Para sarjana telah lama bardebat tentang bentuk dan fungsi Borobudur: apakah itu merupakan sebuah maṇḍala, stūpa, atau keduanya. Untuk sementara, dua maṇḍala buddhist telah dinisbatkan kepada struktur tersebut, yaitu Vajradhātumaṇḍala dan Mahākaruṇagarbhadhātumaṇdala. Tetapi, karena kesesuaian antara detail struktur dan ikonografis monumen serta bukti tekstualnya belum dicocokkan dengan tepat, penelitian tentang sifat persis Borobudur berlangsung lebih dari satu abad sejak penemuannya di era modern. Merangkum dan membangun dari berbagai pendapat hingga saat ini, makalah ini menyajikan interpretasi lain, wawasan, dan kemungkinan fungsi-fungsi lain bagunan megastruktur kuno ini.","PeriodicalId":36552,"journal":{"name":"SPAFA Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46328407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Report for Lecture Series: Archaeology, Public Engagement and Cultural Heritage Tourism, Faculty of Archaeology, Silpakorn University, Bangkok, Thailand | รายงานเรื่องชุดการบรรยายในหัวข้อ “โบราณคดี การมีส่วนร่วมของสาธารณะ และการท่องเที่ยวมรดกวัฒนธรรม” จัดโดยคณะโบราณคดี มหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร กรุงเทพฯ","authors":"Pei-Lin Yu, Thanik Lertcharnrit, George S. Smith, William Chapman, Rasmi Shoocongdej, Ashley Deng-Yu Chen","doi":"10.26721/spafa.6cmwn6om9y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafa.6cmwn6om9y","url":null,"abstract":"This report presents a summary of introduction to the workshop and lecture series on cultural heritage and tourism organized by the authors with financial and logistic support from Silpakorn University’s Faculty of Archaeology. It provides a short description of workshop background, speakers and their abstracts as publicly disseminated on a webpage of the Department of Archaeology, Silpakorn University. \u0000รายงานนี้เป็นการสรุปเกี่ยวกับโครงการประชุมเชิงปฏิบัติการและชุดการบรรยายเกี่ยวกับการท่องเที่ยวมรดกวัฒนธรรม ซึ่งจัดเตรียมโดยผู้เขียนทั้งสาม ทั้งนี้โดยได้รับการสนับสนุนด้านเงินทุนและสถานที่จากคณะโบราณคดี มหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร รายงานนี้นำเสนอที่มาหรือภูมิหลังของโครงการประชุมเชิงปฏิบัติการ วิทยากร และบทคัดย่อการบรรยายที่เผยแพร่ผ่านเว็บเพจของภาควิชาโบราณคดี คณะโบราณคดี มหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร","PeriodicalId":36552,"journal":{"name":"SPAFA Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48768413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vāstu Order as an Alternative Concept for Analysing Javanese Temple Architecture | Tatanan Vāstu sebagai Konsep Alternatif untuk Menelaah Arsitektur Candi Jawa","authors":"Aditya Bayu Perdana, Kemas Ridwan Kurniawan","doi":"10.26721/spafajournal.q790t38g6i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.q790t38g6i","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the architectural order of ancient Javanese temples. Contemporary writings often use a tripartite order to conceptualize Javanese temple architecture, which divide the edifice into three parts consisting of head, body, and feet. However, the overgeneralized nature of the order does not accurately represent the complexities of Javanese temples which contain diverse architectural elements. This has made discussion of Javanese temple architectural traits somewhat limited and undetailed. Further, the textual basis of this order is questionable. The concept has not been found in authentic Old Javanese source and only attested in modern sources as a conjecture. To support more nuanced discussion of Javanese temple architecture, the author proposes an alternative architecture order, dubbed the “vāstu order”. This order is created using an architectural-historical research method in analyzing historical architectural treatise and samples of Javanese temple. Samples are limited to Hindu temples from the Mataram era (8-11th centuries).\u0000 \u0000Comparison that the authors have conducted find that the elevation of all samples can visually divided into seven parts of the vāstu order: upapīṭha, adhiṣṭhāna, pada, prastara, gala, śikhara, and stūpi. However, further inspection (using the temple’s head as an example) shows that each part has an unusual or even unprecedented architectural elaboration from the supposed Indian protype. This observation contributes to the notion that Javanese temples shows a complex amalgamation of various Indian architectural elements into a distinct creative form. This study demonstrates that a conceptual shift from the conventional tripartite order into a more refined vāstu order permitted more detailed observations in various architectural elements of Javanese temples. Applying and testing the vāstu order to other temples would perhaps yield a more robust architectural order that is useful in revealing the nature of Javanese temple architecture and its position within the web of cultural exchange between India and Southeast Asia.\u0000 \u0000Tulisan ini berfokus pada tatanan (order) arsitektural candi Jawa. Tulisan kontemporer kerap menelaah arsitektur candi menggunakan tatanan triparti, yang membagi tampak candi ke dalam tiga bagian: badan, kepala, dan kaki. Meski umum digunakan, tatanan sederhana ini tidak merefleksikan secara akurat kompleksitas candi yang memiliki banyak elemen arsitektural. Akibatnya, upaya untuk menjabarkan ciri arsitektural candi cenderung terbatas dan tidak rinci. Dasar tekstual dari tatanan triparti juga dapat dipertanyakan. Konsep ini hanya ditemukan pada sumber modern dalam bentuk dugaan, dan belum ditemukan dalam sumber Jawa Kuno asli. Dalam rangka mendukung diskusi candi yang lebih rinci dan berbobot, penulis mengusulkan sebuah sistem tatanan baru, yang penulis sebut sebagai “tatanan vāstu.” Tatanan ini disusun menggunakan metode riset arsitektural-historis untuk menganalisis sastra arsitektural d","PeriodicalId":36552,"journal":{"name":"SPAFA Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49048628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sigale-gale samosir: from the sacred to the secular | Sigale-gale samosir: dari yang sakral menjadi sekular","authors":"Rosta Minawati, Enrico Alamo","doi":"10.26721/m831hks88i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/m831hks88i","url":null,"abstract":"Sigale-gale is a life-sized wooden puppet carved in the likeness of a human male. It is used during burial rituals and in modern Sigale-gale dance performances in the Toba Batak community, Samosir, North Sumatra. The traditional myth of sigale-gale has become folklore which depicts the making of a wooden statue in human form given to Raja Rahat who is ill because his favorite son Manggale died in the battle. The sigale-gale is used by the community as well in funeral ceremonies for the dead who have died childless. In contemporary practice sigale-gale has been reconceived as public performance mostly for tourists. The sigale-gale thus now functions differently socially and culturally, moving from the mythological towards the worldly. The sigale-gale dance was originally only accompanied by the music of sordam but mostly now by a mixed ensemble comprised of taganing, gong, and suling. A performance can include five to seven dancers (panortor). Sigale-gale also vary in size from human dimensions as well as smaller or even bigger. Sigale-gale in its new forms represents an effort to sustain the cultural values of the Toba Batak. Patung sigale-gale terbuat dari kayu yang dipahat menyerupai manusia (laki-laki) digunakan saat ritual pemakaman dan dalam pertunjukan tari sigale-gale baru di masyarakat Batak Toba, Samosir, Sumatera Utara. Mitos keberadaan sigale-gale menjadi folklore yang menceritakan pembuatan patung kayu menyerupai manusia dipersembahkan kepada Raja Rahat yang sakit karena anaknya tewas di medan pertempuran. Sigale-gale digunakan pada upacara kematian yang tidak memiliki keturunan. Dalam perkembangannya, sigale-gale menjadi seni pertunjukan untuk menghibur wisatawan. Fungsi sigale-gale secara sosial budaya menjadi berbeda, yakni dari sakral ke profan. Awalnya sigale-gale hanya diiringi musik Sordam dan Sabangunan, tetapi di masa kini pertunjukan sigale-gale diiringi musik gondang, gong dan suling. Pertunjukan sigale-gale terdapat panortor lima sampai tujuh orang. Ukuran patung sigale-gale bervariasi, ada yang tinggi seukuran manusia ada juga yang memiliki ukuran tubuh lebih kecil ataupun lebih besar. Unsur pertunjukan terdiri dari: Sigale-gale, musik dan tor-tor (tari). Sigale-gale dalam bentuk baru merupakan upaya pelestarian nilai-nilai budaya masyarakat Batak Toba.","PeriodicalId":36552,"journal":{"name":"SPAFA Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48373428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Vāstu Order as an Alternative Concept for Analysing Javanese Temple Architecture | Tatanan Vāstu sebagai Konsep Alternatif untuk Menelaah Arsitektur Candi Jawa","authors":"Aditya Bayu Perdana, K. Kurniawan","doi":"10.26721/spafajournal.hw783q0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.hw783q0010","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the architectural order of ancient Javanese temples. Contemporary writings often use a tripartite order to conceptualize Javanese temple architecture, which divide the edifice into three parts consisting of head, body, and feet. However, the overgeneralized nature of the order does not accurately represent the complexities of Javanese temples which contain diverse architectural elements. This has made discussion of Javanese temple architectural traits somewhat limited and undetailed. Further, the textual basis of this order is questionable. The concept has not been found in authentic Old Javanese source and only attested in modern sources as a conjecture. To support more nuanced discussion of Javanese temple architecture, the author proposes an alternative architecture order, dubbed the “vāstu order”. This order is created using an architectural-historical research method in analyzing historical architectural treatise and samples of Javanese temple. Samples are limited to Hindu temples from the Mataram era (8-11th centuries). Comparison that the authors have conducted find that the elevation of all samples can visually divided into seven parts of the vāstu order: upapīṭha, adhiṣṭhāna, pada, prastara, gala, śikhara, and stūpi. However, further inspection (using the temple’s head as an example) shows that each part has an unusual or even unprecedented architectural elaboration from the supposed Indian protype. This observation contributes to the notion that Javanese temples shows a complex amalgamation of various Indian architectural elements into a distinct creative form. This study demonstrates that a conceptual shift from the conventional tripartite order into a more refined vāstu order permitted more detailed observations in various architectural elements of Javanese temples. Applying and testing the vāstu order to other temples would perhaps yield a more robust architectural order that is useful in revealing the nature of Javanese temple architecture and its position within the web of cultural exchange between India and Southeast Asia. Tulisan ini berfokus pada tatanan (order) arsitektural candi Jawa. Tulisan kontemporer kerap menelaah arsitektur candi menggunakan tatanan triparti, yang membagi tampak candi ke dalam tiga bagian: badan, kepala, dan kaki. Meski umum digunakan, tatanan sederhana ini tidak merefleksikan secara akurat kompleksitas candi yang memiliki banyak elemen arsitektural. Akibatnya, upaya untuk menjabarkan ciri arsitektural candi cenderung terbatas dan tidak rinci. Dasar tekstual dari tatanan triparti juga dapat dipertanyakan. Konsep ini hanya ditemukan pada sumber modern dalam bentuk dugaan, dan belum ditemukan dalam sumber Jawa Kuno asli. Dalam rangka mendukung diskusi candi yang lebih rinci dan berbobot, penulis mengusulkan sebuah sistem tatanan baru, yang penulis sebut sebagai “tatanan vāstu.” Tatanan ini disusun menggunakan metode riset arsitektural-historis untuk menganalisis sastra arsitektural dan s","PeriodicalId":36552,"journal":{"name":"SPAFA Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69082048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of Colour Information from Digital Images Towards Cultural Heritage Characterisation Applications","authors":"W. Yoo, Jung Gon Kim, K. Kang, Yeon-Kwon Yoo","doi":"10.26721/spafajournal.2021.v5.690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.2021.v5.690","url":null,"abstract":"Colour is a primary characteristic of visual perception and a very important characteristic to describe cultural heritage works in a variety of shapes, sizes and materials. To quantify colours, portable colorimeters are often carried and used for measuring colour of interest. Spatial resolution of colorimeters is manufacturer and model dependent and typically worse than 3 - 10 mm in diameter. The colour measurement has to be done on site at the time of interest. It poses very significant limitations in colorimetric characterization of cultural heritages. In this paper, the possibility of extraction of colour information from digital photographs, scanned images and video files using customized image processing/analysis software (PicMan) was investigated for cultural heritage characterization applications. As colour information extraction examples, a commercial Gouache paint colour card, a digital photograph, a portrait of a Korean scholar of Joseon Dynasty and a severely deteriorated old medical text book before and after restoration were examined.  Colour information from various digital images was successfully extracted from points and regions of interest in RGB, HSV, L*a*b*, Munsell colour and hexadecimal colour code formats. The spatial resolution of colour information extraction is as small as a single pixel in a digital image.","PeriodicalId":36552,"journal":{"name":"SPAFA Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48652271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incised stone artefact in the context of Middle Holocene burials at Cappalombo 1, South Sulawesi, Indonesia | Artefak batu bergores dalam konteks penguburan Holosen Tengah di Situs Cappalombo 1, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia","authors":"Suryatman, Fakhri, B. Hakim, Yinika L. Perston, Ratno Sardi, Kimberlee Newman, Hasanuddin, Muhammad Nur, K. Muda","doi":"10.26721/spafajournal.2021.v5.684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.2021.v5.684","url":null,"abstract":"Since the recent discovery of Late Pleistocene rock art in Island Southeast Asia was announced, evidence for symbolic behaviour in the region has become a focus of international archaeological interest. South Sulawesi is one region that hold much evidence for this important human activity. In addition to the cave paintings, several engraved stone artefacts have also been recovered in the same area, nearly all of which date back to the Late Pleistocene. However, while cave use by ‘hunter-gatherer’ societies continued into the Holocene period, archaeological evidence for symbolic expression during this Toalean period is extremely rare. Here, we report for the first time on engraved stone artefacts from the Middle Holocene period, associated with six human burials. Of ten incised artefacts recovered, eight are stone flakes and two are stone plaquettes, all made of hematite material. Our study suggests that unlike comparative Pleistocene engraved stones, the incisions on the Cappalombo artefacts are more likely the result of use-wear that occurs from producing red pigment powder than portable artworks. As no Toalean-age cave art has yet been identified, it is suspected that pigment powder was applied to the corpses as part of a burial practice or perhaps smeared on the body of the person/s performing the ceremony itself as part of a symbolic ritualistic activity. Sejak penemuan gambar cadas Pleistosen Akhir terbaru diumumkan di Pulau Asia Tenggara, bukti perilaku simbolis di wilayah tersebut telah menjadi fokus kajian arkeologis internasional. Sulawesi Selatan adalah salah satu wilayah yang menyimpan banyak bukti aktivitas manusia yang penting ini. Selain lukisan gua, beberapa artefak batu berukir juga telah ditemukan di daerah yang sama, hampir semuanya berasal dari Pleistosen Akhir. Namun, ketika penggunaan gua oleh masyarakat 'pemburu-pengumpul' berlanjut hingga periode Holosen, bukti arkeologis untuk ekspresi simbolis selama periode Toalean ini sangat langka. Di sini, kami melaporkan untuk pertama kalinya tentang artefak batu berukir dari periode Holosen Tengah, yang terkait dengan enam penguburan manusia. Dari sepuluh artefak gores yang ditemukan, delapan berupa serpihan batu dan dua berupa plakat batu, semuanya terbuat dari bahan hematit. Studi kami menunjukkan bahwa tidak seperti batu terukir Pleistosen, sayatan pada artefak Cappalombo lebih mungkin hasil dari penggunaan yang terjadi dari memproduksi bubuk pigmen merah daripada karya seni portabel. Karena seni gua periode Toalean belum dapat diidentifikasi, diduga bubuk pigmen dioleskan pada mayat sebagai bagian dari praktik penguburan atau mungkin dioleskan pada tubuh orang yang melakukan upacara itu sendiri sebagai bagian dari aktifitas ritual simbolis.","PeriodicalId":36552,"journal":{"name":"SPAFA Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47812908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A methodological examination of multidisciplinary research of mak yong theatre: text, heritage, and performance | Pemeriksaan metodologis atas pendekatan multidisipliner dalam kajian tentang teater mak yong: teks, warisan budaya, dan pertunjukan","authors":"Alan Darmawan","doi":"10.26721/spafajournal.2021.v5.680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.2021.v5.680","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies of mak yong theatre in Indonesia looked at the art form as a given tradition, and described its elements and performance structure. Such an approach is inadequate to investigate mak yong in the current social and cultural context. State institutions, the local government, communities, performers, and other agents have revived and constantly (re)shaped mak yong theatre and its presentation as a commodified Malay identity marker. Heritage formation, local identity politics, and tourist festivals promoted mak yong as a revived traditional form of theatre practice, an intangible heritage, and a stage performance. So how should the above aspects be approached and the social processes that shape them disentangled? This article examines the relevance of multidisciplinary approaches and demonstrates how the perspectives of anthropology, heritage studies, and philology work in studying mak yong and its current production in the Riau Islands. Kajian terdahulu tentang teater mak yong di Indonesia umumnya melihat kesenian ini sebagai tradisi yang “demikian adanya”, dan mendeskripsikan elemen dan struktur pertunjukannya. Pendekatan semacam ini tidak lagi memadai untuk menelaah mak yong dalam konteks sosial dan budaya saat ini. Mak yong disajikan sebagai tradisi yang dibangkitkan kembali dan senantiasa dibentuk ulang oleh lembaga negara, pemerintah lokal, komunitas, aktor, dan pelaku-pelaku lainnya, sebagai satu di antara penanda identitas Melayu yang dikomodifikasi. Pelembagaan warisan budaya, politik identitas lokal, dan pariwisata budaya memajukan mak yong sebagai tradisi yang dihidupkan kembali, warisan budaya takbenda, dan pertunjukan panggung. Lantas, bagaimana menelaah aspek-aspek di atas dan mengurai proses sosial yang membentuknya? Artikel ini menguji relevansi pendekatan antropologi, heritage studies, dan filologi, dan menunjukkan cara bekerjanya dalam mengkaji mak yong dan produksinya saat ini di Kepulauan Riau.","PeriodicalId":36552,"journal":{"name":"SPAFA Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41692059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wakatobi Islands: Archaeological, Historical, and Maritime Tradition Perspectives | Kepulauan Wakatobi: Perspektif Arkeologi, Sejarah, dan Tradisi Maritim","authors":"Syahruddin Mansyur, Nani Somba, Rustam Awat, La Ode Ali Ahmadi, Hasliana Hasliana","doi":"10.26721/spafajournal.2021.v5.661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.2021.v5.661","url":null,"abstract":"Wakatobi Islands, which are located east of Buton Island, were part of the territory of the Buton Kingdom in the past. Wakatobi Islands cover an area known as a shipping route connecting the eastern and western regions of the Nusantara archipelago. The historical journey of the people of Wakatobi Islands led them to have a strong maritime tradition in Nusantara. This paper discusses issues related to the initial overview of the Wakatobi Islands from the perspectives of archaeology, history, and maritime traditions. The methods used include survey and observation as well as literature study and interviews. The results obtained provide a regional profile of the Wakatobi Islands, which shows that archaeological remains and the traditional fortresses spread in the area are residential sites that reflect the archaeological character of the islands. The identification that we have conducted on the ceramics shows that they date from at least the 15th century, with ceramics from the Qing dynasty (17th to 19th centuries) being the most dominant. The historical perspective also gives an understanding that the maritime tradition of the Wakatobi people has strong historical roots in the formation of communities in this region. Likewise, the history and maritime traditions of the Wakatobi people are correlated with archaeological remains which are the traces of immigrants who developed the communities of the Wakatobi Islands. Kepulauan Wakatobi yang terletak di sebelah timur Pulau Buton merupakan bagian dari wilayah kekuasaan Kesultanan Buton di masa lampau. Wilayah kepulauan ini adalah kawasan yang dikenal sebagai jalur pelayaran penghubung wilayah timur dan barat Nusantara. Perjalanan sejarah masyarakat Kepulauan Wakatobi sekaligus mengantarkan wilayah ini memiliki tradisi kemaritiman yang kuat di nusantara. Tulisan ini membahas permasalahan terkait tinjauan awal Kepulauan Wakatobi dipandang dari perspektif arkeologi, sejarah dan tradisi kemaritiman. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei atau observasi dan juga studi pustaka dan wawancara. Hasil yang diperoleh memberi pemahaman tentang profil wilayah Kepulauan Wakatobi bahwa tinggalan arkeologi dan persebaran benteng tradisional merupakan situs hunian yang merefleksikan karakter arkeologi kepulauan wilayah ini. Identifikasi awal yang kami lakukan, data keramik menunjukkan pertanggalan mulai sebelum atau pada abad ke-15, dimana keramik periode Qing abad ke-17 dan 19 adalah paling dominan. Perspektif sejarah juga memberi pemahaman bahwa tradisi kemaritiman masyarakat Wakatobi memiliki akar sejarah yang kuat dari terbentuknya komunitas masyarakat di wilayah ini. Demikian juga dengan sejarah dan tradisi kemaritiman masyarakat Wakatobi berkorelasi dengan tinggalan arkeologi sebagai jejak kehadiran pendatang dari luar wilayah yang membentuk masyarakat Kepulauan Wakatobi.","PeriodicalId":36552,"journal":{"name":"SPAFA Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45013647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}